Pelvic Contents

Question 1

Where does the vesicouterine pouch lie?

Answer 1

Between the uterus and bladder

Question 2

Where does the rectouterine pouch lie?

Answer 2

Between the uterus and rectum

Question 3

What forms the broad ligament?

Answer 3

Peritoneum as it passes over the uterus

Question 4

Where does the vesicorectal pouch lie?

Answer 4

Between the rectum and the bladder

Question 5

What epithelium is present in the bladder?

Answer 5

Transitional

Question 6

How is the bladder attached to the pubic symphysis?

Answer 6

Via the urachus

Question 7

Are there rugae present in the bladder?

Answer 7

Yes but disappear as the bladder fills

Question 8

What happens to the bladder as it fills?

Answer 8

• Rugae disappear
• Rises to suprapubic region

Question 9

What is the Trigone?

Answer 9

• Internal base of bladder
• Area of smooth mucous membrane

Question 10

What enters at the trigone?

Answer 10

Ureters

Question 11

What exits the trigone?

Answer 11

Urethra

Question 12

Muscular coats of smooth muscle are located where?

Answer 12

• Detrusor muscle
• Neck circular sphincter vesicae

Question 13

What type of innervation is present at the sphincter vesicae?

Answer 13

Autonomic innervation

Question 14

What holds the neck of the bladder in place?

Answer 14

• Puboprostatic ligament (males)
• Pubovesical ligaments (females)

Question 15

What passes through the urogenital diaphragm?

Answer 15

The urethra

Question 16

Describe arterial supply to the bladder.

Answer 16

• 2 Superior vesical arteries
• 1 Inferior vesical artery
• From internal iliac artery

Question 17

What does the inferior vesical artery in males correspond to in females?

Answer 17

Vaginal artery

Question 18

What division of the internal iliac artery gives the inferior vesical artery (vaginal artery)?

Answer 18

Anterior division

Question 19

Describe the venous drainage of the bladder.

Answer 19

Vesical plexus drains to internal iliac veins

Question 20

Describe the innervation of the bladder.

Answer 20

ANS from inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 21

Where does lymph from the ureter drain to?

Answer 21

• Lumbar
• Common iliac
• Ext/Int iliac nodes

Question 22

Where does lymph from the urinary bladder drain to?

Answer 22

Main drainage to internal iliac nodes
- some to superior and sacral nodes

Question 23

Where does lymph from the urethra drain to? (MALE)

Answer 23

• Main drainage to internal iliac
• Spongy urethra to deep inguinal nodes

Question 24

Where does lymph from the urethra drain to? (FEMALE)

Answer 24

• Main drainage to internal iliac
• Some to sacral nodes

Question 25

What portion of the rectum is covered by visceral peritoneum?

Answer 25

Upper 1/3rd

Question 26

What portion of the rectum is located on the anterior surface?

Answer 26

Middle 1/3rd

Question 27

What portion of the rectum is infraperitoneal?

Answer 27

Lower 1/3rd

Question 28

Where is the rectum located?

Answer 28

- 3rd Sacral vertebra to tip of coccyx - Extension of sigmoid colon

Question 29

What is the function of the rectal ampulla?

Answer 29

Stores faeces.

Question 30

What is the function of the puborectalis muscle?

Answer 30

Bends wall of rectum (continence)

Question 31

What is the function of the levator ani muscles?

Answer 31

Support the rectum

Question 32

Describe the arterial supply of the rectum.

Answer 32

- Superior rectal artery (inf mesenteric) - Middle rectal artery (int iliac) - Inferior rectal artery (int pudendal)

Question 33

Describe the venous drainage of the rectum.

Answer 33

- Superior rectal vein (portal vein) - Middle rectal vein (int iliac vein) - Inferior rectal vein (int pudendal vein)

Question 34

Where does lymph from the rectum drain to?

Answer 34

Superior rectum - aortic nodes L3 Inferior rectum - int. iliac nodes Anal canal sup. to pectinate line - int. iliac nodes Anal canal inf. to pectinate line - superficial inguinal nodes

Question 35

Describe the innervation of the rectum.

Answer 35

Inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 36

What covers the uterus?

Answer 36

Broad ligament

Question 37

Describe the broad ligament.

Answer 37

- Peritoneum folds - Small degree of support - Neurovascular

Question 38

What are the 3 parts of the broad ligament?

Answer 38

- Mesometrium - Mesosalpinx - Mesovarium

Question 39

What is the mesometrium?

Answer 39

Main part of the broad ligament

Question 40

What is the mesosalpinx?

Answer 40

Supports the uterine tubes

Question 41

What is the mesovarium?

Answer 41

Holds ovaries to posterior surface of the broad ligament

Question 42

Features of the uterus

Answer 42

Question 43

What are the main ligaments of the uterus?

Answer 43

- Broad ligament - Round ligament

Question 44

What is the function of the broad ligament?

Answer 44

Carries vessels, nerves and lymphatics

Question 45

What is the function of the round ligament?

Answer 45

Creates potential lymph pathways

Question 46

What are the 3 support ligaments attached to the cervix?

Answer 46

- Uterosacral - Pubocervical - Transverse cervical

Question 47

Identify the 3 cervical support ligaments

Answer 47

Question 48

Describe anteversion.

Answer 48

Long axis of uterus bent forward on the long axis of the vagina

Question 49

Describe anteflexion.

Answer 49

Long axis of uterus bent forward at internal os with long axis of vagina

Question 50

What is the function of the ovaries?

Answer 50

Ova and hormone production

Question 51

How are the ovaries attached to the broad ligament?

Answer 51

Attached at the mesovarium

Question 52

Describe the arterial supply of the ovaries.

Answer 52

Abdominal aorta - ovarian artery L2

Question 53

Describe the venous drainage of the ovaries.

Answer 53

- Ovarian vein to IVC on R - Ovarian vein to left renal vein on L

Question 54

Describe the innervation of the ovaries

Answer 54

Aortic plexus

Question 55

What are the 2 ligaments of the ovary?

Answer 55

- Ligament of the ovary - Suspensory ligament of the ovary