pelvis/perineum

Question 1

what are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

Answer 1

inguinal ligament, sartorius muscle (lateral), adductor longus muscle (medial)

Question 2

what is the inguinal ligament?

Answer 2

aponeurotic edge of the external oblique muscle. Runs from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle

Question 3

define the true and false pelvis

Answer 3

true pelvis- demarcated by pelvic brim, sacrum and coccyx, and contains the pelvic viscera

False pelvis- lower portion of the abdomen which lies between the flared iliac crests

Question 4

Where exactly is the perineum?

Answer 4

below the pelvic muscle floor and contains the external genitalia

Question 5

what are the 3 bones that make up the pelvic bones?

Answer 5

ilium

ischium

pubis

Question 6

what is the shape of the pelvic outlet in a female and male respectively?

Answer 6

female- oval shaped

male-heart shaped

Question 7

what two muscles form the pelvic diaphragm or the pelvic floor?

Answer 7

levator ani and coccygeus

Question 8

what are the 3 muscles that constitute levator ani?

Answer 8

1. iliococcygeous
2. pubococcygeus
3. puborectalis

Question 9

when does the rectum become the anal canal?

Answer 9

at the anorectal fissure as the rectum passes through the pelvic diaphragm

Question 10

what ligaments demarcate the greater sciatic foreman and the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 10

sacrotuberous ligament and sacrospinous ligament

Question 11

what kind of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

Answer 11

plane synovial

Question 12

what two pelvic muscles arise from the greater trochanter of the femur?

Answer 12

obturator internus

piriformis

Question 13

describe the broad ligament

Answer 13

double sheet of peritoneum in female pelvis that envelopes ovaries, uterine tubes and uterus

Question 14

what is the round ligament?

Answer 14

round ligament descends into the deep inguinal ring and ends in the labia majora of the perineum. originals off the ovarian ligament (gubanaculum)

Question 15

what demarcates the cervix?

Answer 15

internal os

external os

Question 16

describe the structure of the testes

Answer 16

1. encased in thick capsule known as tunica albuginea
2. divided into lobules
3. each lobule contains seminiferous tubules
4. seminiferous tubules give rise spermatozoa
5. sperm mature and are stored in the epididymis

Question 17

what is the other name for the cardinal ligament in the female?

Answer 17

the transverse cervical ligaments that supports the uterus from posteriorly

Question 18

what is the douglas of pouch

Answer 18

rectouterine pouch in females. Defined by the peritoneum.

Question 19

which- internal or external iliac artery leads to the vasculature of the pelvis?

Answer 19

internal

Question 20

what are the two triangles of the perineum?

Answer 20

urogenital triangle

anal triangle

-demarcated by an imaginary line between ischial tuberosities

Question 21

how can the urogenital triangle of the perineum be further divided into two pouches?

Answer 21

the superficial pouch

the deep pouch

Question 22

describe the fascia in the perineum of the male

Answer 22

Deep Buck’s fascia anteriorly around penis

Superficial Darto fascia anterior around penis and extending around the testes/scrotum

Perineal Colle’s fascia

Question 23

what part of the penis directly lines the urethra?

Answer 23

corpus spongiosum