UL

Question 1

what muscles attach to the acromium?

Answer 1

trapezius and deltoid

Question 2

what type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 2

multi axial synovial ball and socket

Question 3

what 2 ligaments comprises of the coracoclavicular ligament

Answer 3

trapezoid and conoid

Question 4

where does the deltoid muscle attach?

Answer 4

deltoid tuberosity on humerus

Question 5

what nerve innervates deltoid?

Answer 5

axillary

Question 6

what muscles lie deeper to the rotator cuff muscles on the back?

Answer 6

rhomboid major, minor and teres major

Question 7

what is the innervation to the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 7

suprascapular nerves + subscapular nerves + axillary nerve for teres minor

Question 8

what encloses the neurovascular structures of the axilla?

Answer 8

axillary sheath ( a direct continuation of prevertebral fascia in neck)

Question 9

how many parts are there to the axillary artery?

Answer 9

3 parts defined by pectoralis minor

Question 10

which artery does the axillary artery come off?

Answer 10

subclavian

Question 11

what the branches of the axillary artery that come off the 3rd part of the artery?

Answer 11

subscapsular

anterior and posterior circumflex

Question 12

what do we mean by upper plexus lesions?

Answer 12

affect C5-C6 nerve roots

Question 13

what do we mean by lower plexus lesions?

Answer 13

affect C8-T1 nerve roots

Question 14

where is the axillary vein and when does it become the subclavian vein?

Answer 14

located on the inferior border of teres major

becomes subclavian vein at first rib

Question 15

which is more medial-axillary vein or artery?

Answer 15

vein

Question 16

what nerve roots innervate long thoracic nerve

Answer 16

C5, 6, 7

Question 17

what nerve roots innervate musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 17

C5,6, 7

Question 18

what nerve roots innervate radial and median nerve

Answer 18

C5, 6, 7, 8, T1

Question 19

what nerve roots innervate ulnar nerve

Answer 19

C7, C8, T1

Question 20

what nerve roots innervate axillary nerve

Answer 20

C5, 6

Question 21

what nerve innervates pec major

Answer 21

lacteral pectoral from lateral cord of brachial plexus

Question 22

what cords make up the ulnar nerve from the brachial plexus?

Answer 22

lateral and medial

Question 23

what divides the arm into its anterior and posterior compartment?

Answer 23

intermuscular septum

Question 24

tell me about the muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?

Answer 24

primary flexors of forearm and elbow
can supinate flexed arm

innervated by musculocutaneous nerve
supplied by brachial artery

Question 25

tell me about the muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?

Answer 25

primary extensors supplied by profunda brachii innervated by radial nerve

Question 26

what is the other name for profunda brachii artery? where does it run?

Answer 26

deep artery of arm runs with radial nerve around humeral shaft

Question 27

which is larger- radial or ulnar artery?

Answer 27

ulnar

Question 28

what are the two main superficial veins of the arm?

Answer 28

basillic and cephalic

Question 29

is the neurovascular bundle medial or lateral in the arm?

Answer 29

medial

Question 30

what sort of joint is associated with the interroseus membrane between the radius and ulnar?

Answer 30

syndesmosis

Question 31

what are the ligaments that support the elbow joint?

Answer 31

ulnar collateral radial collateral annular ligament

Question 32

describe the proximal articulation of the ulna?

Answer 32

trochlear notch articulates with troclea of humerus | radial notch articulates with head of radius

Question 33

describe the proximal articulation of the radius?

Answer 33

articulates wit capitulum of humerus and radial notch of ulna

Question 34

what is the innervation pattern for muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 34

all innervated by median nerve - except FCU which is innervated by ulnar nerve - and flexor digitorum profundus which is innervated by the medial part of the ulnar nerve and the lateral part of the median nerve

Question 35

where does the superficial muscle layer of the anterior forearm originate from?

Answer 35

medial epicondyle of the humerus

Question 36

action of FDS?

Answer 36

flexes middle phalangs of medial four digits

Question 37

action of flexus pollicis longus?

Answer 37

flexes the thumb

Question 38

which nerve and artery traverses the cubital fossa?

Answer 38

median nerve and brachial artery

Question 39

name the muscles making up the superficial layer of the forearm (anterior compartment)

Answer 39

``` pronator teres FCR palmaris longus FCU FDS ```

Question 40

where does the superficial muscle layer of the posterior forearm originate from?

Answer 40

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Question 41

action of brachioradialis and innervation?

Answer 41

flexes forearm at elbow innervated by radial nerve

Question 42

which muscles extends the medial 4 digits?

Answer 42

extensor digitorum

Question 43

which muscle extends the pinky

Answer 43

extensor digiti minimi

Question 44

which muscles extend the thumb

Answer 44

abductor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis

Question 45

tell me about the general actions of the anterior forearm muscles

Answer 45

flex pronate

Question 46

tell me about the general actions of the posterior forearm muscles

Answer 46

extend supinate

Question 47

describe the general bone structure of the hand in groups

Answer 47

from proximal to distal ``` carpal bones metacarpal bones proximal phalanges middle phalanges distal phalanges ```

Question 48

which carpal bones articulate with the radius?

Answer 48

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum

Question 49

what structures pass beneath the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 49

4 x FDS tendons 4 x FDP tendons 1 x flexor pollicis longus tendon median nerve

Question 50

what is another name for flexor retinaculum?

Answer 50

transverse carpal ligament

Question 51

how many compartments are there under the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 51

6

Question 52

describe the innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the hand

Answer 52

most muscles supplied by ulnar nerve expect the 3 thenar muscles and the 2 lateral lumbricals which are innervated by the median nerve

Question 53

which artery supplies the most blood to the hand?

Answer 53

ulnar artery

Question 54

what muscles make up the thenar eminence

Answer 54

flexor pollicis brevis abductor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis --all innervated by median nerve

Question 55

what muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?

Answer 55

flexor digiti minimi abductor digiti minimi opponens digiti minimi -all innervated by ulnar nerve

Question 56

All for one and one for all stands for what?

Answer 56

muscles palmar aspect of hand from thumb to pinky abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis adductor pollicis opponens digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi abductor digiti minimi

Question 57

which of the interossei muscles of the hand- dorsal or palmar are bipennate/unipennate?

Answer 57

dorsal interosseus muscle= bipennate palmar interosseus muscle= unipennate

Question 58

how many palmar arterial branches are there in the hand

Answer 58

two. superficial deep

Question 59

action of opponens pollicis?

Answer 59

opposes thumb toward centre of palm

Question 60

roles of dorsal and palmar interossei intrinsic muscles of hand

Answer 60

dorsal- abducts digits | palmar- adducts digits

Question 61

which muscles rotate medially the shoulder?

Answer 61

subscapularis, teres major, pec major, lat dorsi

Question 62

which muscles rotate laterally the shoulder

Answer 62

infraspinatus, teres minor

Question 63

which muscles supinate forearm

Answer 63

supinator | biceps brachii