Perception 1 Flashcards
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What is the difference between sensation and perception?
A sensation involves detecting the existence of a stimulus (perceptual systems identify what that stimulus is), Perception is the process of integrating and interpretation of information around us (stimuli) so that we can identify its meaning.
What is a sensory system? Name one and name it’s parts.
A sensory system is a part of our nervous system that detect information from the world and sends it to our brain for example visual - visual cortex, optic nerves and eyes.
What are human exterior senses?
Auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory and tactile senses.
Name one sense that some animals have and humans don’t.
Bees have a ring of iron oxide so they can detect magnetic fields.
What are the properties of sensations?
Modality (vision, hearing), Quality (red or blue colour), Intensity (strong, weak), Duration (short, long) and Location (where did I sense it)
What are the main functions of perception?
Informational (communication, survival, danger, needs, orientation) and Hedonic (pleasure).
What does perception depend on?
The type of stimuli, developmental conditions of the sensory system, attention, context, attitudes, emotion, prior experience, needs, prior knowledge.
Provide an example for top-down processing in perception.
Top down processing is the interpretation coming from poor knowledge and experience - ou see a blurry shape in the distance.
Because you expect your friend to meet you at the park, you immediately assume the blurry figure is your friend — even though the shape isn’t clear.
Provide an example for bottom-up processing in perception.
You interpret based on the information coming from the world to you, it is based on the input you are currently receiving- ou touch a hot stove.
You immediately pull your hand away because your senses (touch) detect “hot and painful” — without needing past experience first.
What does Weber Law state? According to the W.L. – if 5 g increment to 100 g weight is needed to notice the difference, how many grams is needed to notice the increment to 0.5 kg?
Weber’s Law says that the smallest change you can notice in a stimulus depends on the proportion of the original stimulus — not the amount. 25.
Fechner’s law.
Fechner’s Law builds on Weber’s and says that your perceived intensity of a stimulus increases slowly even when the actual stimulus increases quickly.
Describe the metods of limits in classic psychophysics.
The experimenter varies the stimulus magnitude in small increments starting from the upper or lower limit.
Describe the metods of constant stimuli in classic psychophysics.
Stimuli at various magnitudes in random order.
