period 5 1844-1877

Question 1

manifest destiny

Answer 1

belif that the US was detined to expand across continent

Question 2

annexation of Texas 1845

Answer 2

texas joins the US, leading to tensions with mexico

Question 3

oregon territory 1846

Answer 3

us and britain agree to divide territory at 49th parallel

Question 4

mexican american war 1846-1848

Answer 4

conflict resulting from us annex of texas and desire for california and other territories

Question 5

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)

Answer 5

Ends the war; Mexico cedes vast territories to the U.S.

Question 6

Gadsden Purchase (1853)

Answer 6

U.S. buys land from Mexico to facilitate southern transcontinental railroad.

Question 7

California Gold Rush (1849)

Answer 7

Mass migration to California following gold discovery.​

Question 8

Wilmot Proviso (1846)

Answer 8

Proposal to ban slavery in territories acquired from Mexico; fails to pass.

Question 9

compromise of 1850

Answer 9

Includes California as a free state, stricter Fugitive Slave Law, and popular sovereignty in new territories.

Question 10

fugitive slave act

Answer 10

Mandates return of escaped slaves; increases tensions.

Question 11

uncle toms cabin

Answer 11

Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel that fuels anti-slavery sentiments.

Question 12

kansas nebraska act 1854

Answer 12

Allows territories to decide on slavery; leads to “Bleeding Kansas.”

Question 13

bleeding kansas 1854-1856

Answer 13

violent conflicts over slavery in kansas

Question 14

charles sumner

Answer 14

Violent attack in the Senate reflecting sectional tensions.

Question 15

dred scott v sandford 1857

Answer 15

Supreme Court rules that African Americans are not citizens and Congress can’t ban slavery in territories.

Question 16

Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)

Answer 16

Series of debates focusing on slavery and states’ rights.

Question 17

john browns raid 1859

Answer 17

attempted slave uprising at harpers ferry; increases sectional tensions

Question 18

election of 1860

Answer 18

lincolns victory leads to southern secession

Question 19

13th amendment

Answer 19

abolishes slavery

Question 20

freedmans bureau 1865

Answer 20

Assists former slaves with education, healthcare, and employment.

Question 21

black codes

Answer 21

Laws restricting African Americans’ rights in the South.

Question 22

civil rights act 1866

Answer 22

Grants citizenship and equal rights to African Americans.

Question 23

14th amendment 1868

Answer 23

defines citizenship and guarantees equal protection

Question 24

reconstruction acts 1867

Answer 24

Divide the South into military districts; requirements for re-entry into the Union.

Question 25

15th amendment 1870

Answer 25

Prohibits voting restrictions based on race.

Question 26

kkk

Answer 26

White supremacist group opposing Reconstruction efforts.

Question 27

Enforcement Acts (1870–1871)

Answer 27

Federal laws to combat KKK violence and protect African American rights.

Question 28

panic of 1873

Answer 28

Economic depression that shifts focus away from Reconstruction.

Question 29

compromise of 1877

Answer 29

Ends Reconstruction; Rutherford B. Hayes becomes president; federal troops withdrawn from the South

Question 30

Homestead Act (1862)

Answer 30

Provides free land to settlers in the West.

Question 31

Pacific Railway Act (1862)

Answer 31

Promotes construction of the transcontinental railroad.

Question 32

Sharecropping

Answer 32

System where freedmen work land for a share of the crops; often leads to debt and poverty.

Question 33

Tenant Farming

Answer 33

Renting land to farm; another form of economic dependency.

Question 34

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 34

State and local laws enforcing racial segregation (emerge post-Reconstruction).​)