Period 6 1865-1898 Flashcards
(78 cards)
Great Plains
1850s60s;
drought also rainfall;
transcontinental railroad;
A.I. forced to leave;
commerical advertising;
west migration;
E. immigrants;
robber barons;
innovations and inventions
transcontinental railroad
1869; East to West coast;
facilitate flow of migrants and development of economic connections;
Chinese and Irish workers;
new opportunites for corruptions: Union Pacific Company create fake construction company, also bribe congressmen to avoid investigation
American Indian civilizations
affected:
polluted environment;
liquor, wine;
diseases;
guns;
185060s, some deeply engaged in commercial fur trade; bison many;
after transcontinental railroad, cleared bison;
land rush
Treaty of Fort Lamarie
1851; northern tribes;
sought to confine限制 tribes on the northern plains to designated指定 assigned areas in an attempt to keep white settlers from encroaching侵占 their land;
1868 second this Treaty gave control to northern tribes on reservation lands
Treaty of Medicine Lodge
1850s60s;
reservation lands for American Indians to settle;
but white hunters still invaded
Sand Creek massacre
1864;
Nov 29, 1864 massacre of American Indians mostly on women and children by the U.S. army;
after, second Treaty of Fort Lamarie;
continuation of Arapaho-Cheyenne war
Battle of the Little Bighorn
1876;
Armstrong Custer and his troops massacred
buffalo soldiers
1870s80s; A.A.;
A.A cavalrymen fought in West against A.I.;
gained glory more than money
land rush
first-arrival basis on land
Dawes Act
1887;
end federal recognition of tribal sovereignty and divided A.I. land, distribited to A.I. heads of household;
reduced A.I.-controlled land;
undermined损害 A.I. social and cultural institutions
Ghost Dance
1880s;
religious retual that A.I. believe would cause white people to disappear and allow A.I. to regain lands
Wounded Knee massacre
1890; by U.S.;
during a Ghost Dance, A.I. misfired, U.S. invaded
Comstock Lode
1800s; Nevada;
miners found many silver, and gold;
people came, town VIrginia City built
3 groups of west industry
> 1850s;
miners:
men, many foreign-born, need equipment to dig, became wage workers, dangerous, unions, women too at home, small community with school n church, lumber industry rose
cowboys:
routine常规的, for wages, Long Drive, dangerous environment, disease, young men, racial discrimination
ranchers:
related to cowboys, national commercial economy, but too much cattles price fall and winters with summer drought killed cattle, stuggle raising crops because climate; but technology help them later, loneliness, bad weather, family, deflation, yound women too
Long Drive
18050s60s;
trail that cowboys need to drive the cattles through
Homestead Act
1862;
established procedures for distributing land to western settlers;
incentive for western migration
deflation
1880s90s;
price fell
Mormons
1870s;
followers of Joseph Smith and Brigham Young who went to Utah from religious persecution
Californios
> 1850s;
Spanish and Mexican residents in California;
farmers ranchers
Chinese Exclusion Act
1882;
banned Chinese immigration;
prohibit Chinese already in the country from becoming naturalized A. citizens;
because too many moved in and west, for gold rush and job opportunites, taking jobs
New South
1880s; got popular by Henry Grady;
railroad;
cheap labor;
texile mills, dangerous working conditions;
convict lease;
cigarette manufacturing
convict lease system
> 1850s;
system used by s. gov to furnish mainly A.A. prison labor to plantation owners and industrailist and to raise revenue for states;
kind of replace slavery
poll tax
tax that each person had to pay in order to cast a ballot
Jim Crow
late 1800s;
statutes议会立法 established defined racial segregation in South;
helped ensure social and economic disfranchisement 剥夺公民权 of S.black people
