Period 8 1945-1980

Question 1

Cold War

Answer 1

1945-1991;
political, economic, military conflict, but no direct war, between US and the Soviet Union

Question 2

reason of Cold War before the conferences

Answer 2

After Bolshevik Revolution, US deny diplomatic recognition to Soviet Unionl, sent troops to Russia (1933 President Roosevelt reversed this policy), support anti-Bolshevik forces;
US sought to wipe c. in the US by deporting immigrants during Red Scare

Question 3

Yalta Conference

Answer 3

1945;
divide G.;
UN, Soviet in Europe;
free elections in E.europe

Question 4

Potsdam Conference

Answer 4

1945 July; Germany;
free elections;
Soviet withdraw from N.Iran;
partition of G.

Question 5

reason of Cold War after the conferences

Answer 5

Sov. gov in Poland without free election;
Sov. remain in N.Iran;
Sov. atomic bomb

Question 6

containment

Answer 6

Cold War; George Kennan;
policy containing c., prevent spread

Question 7

iron curtain

Answer 7

Cold War; Churchill;
divide between Soviet Union and the non-C. western

Question 8

about Greece’s civil war

Answer 8

1946;
Truman administration exaggerated danger in Greece: between freedom and
tolitarianism;
frightening public

Question 9

Truman Doctrine

Answer 9

Cold War;
US pledge to protect democratic countries and contain expansion of c.;
cornerstone of A. foreign policy throughout Cold War

Question 10

Marshall Plan

Answer 10

1947; George Marshall;
E.economic aid package

Question 11

imperial presidency

Answer 11

Cold War;
executive branch too much power

Question 12

National Security Council

Answer 12

Cold War;
group to advise president of military and foreign affairs

Question 13

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Answer 13

Cold War;
as part of executive branch

Question 14

Berlin airlift

Answer 14

1948-49;
bec. Sov. block West Berlin;
US and B. gov sent supplies to W.Berlin

Question 15

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 15

1949;
cold war military alliance;
security of US and W.Europe

Question 16

Warsaw Pact

Answer 16

Cold War;
R. military alliance with seven satellite nations

Question 17

NSC-68

Answer 17

1950;
National Security Council doc.;
advocate intensification of containment home and abroad

Question 18

Korean War

Answer 18

1950-53;
between c. N. and UN-backed S.;
Truman greater power

Question 19

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

Answer 19

1938;
to investigate domestic c.

Question 20

Second Red Scare

Answer 20

1940s-50s;
fear of C. influence

Question 21

Federal Employee Loyalty Program

Answer 21

1947; Truman;
investigate federal employees

Question 22

Hiss affair

Answer 22

1948; Alger Hiss: former State Department official;
distraction? riddled with c.

Question 23

Dennis v. United States

Answer 23

1951;
conviction of c. leaders

Question 24

McCarran Internal Security Act

Answer 24

1950; Senator Pat McCarran;
wanted to require C. organizations to register with federal gov., establish detention camps, denied passports to A. citizens suspected of C. affiliations;
too much for Truman so vetoed

Question 25

McCarthyism

Answer 25

1950s; Joseph McCarthy harassment and persecution of suspected political radicals

Question 26

Yates v. United States

Answer 26

1957; Justice Department could not prosecute for suspecting someone

Question 27

Servicemen’s readjustment Act (GI Bill)

Answer 27

1944; offered educational opportunities and financial aid to veterans

Question 28

Taft-Hartley Act

Answer 28

1947; hampered(阻碍) ability of unions to organize their power to strike if larger national interests were seen to be at sake

Question 29

Dixiecrats

Answer 29

1948; S. Democrats; S. Democrats create segregationist political party; bec. of federal extensions of civil rights

Question 30

baby boom

Answer 30

1946-1964; result of end of WW2; increased economic prosperity, improvements in healthcare, marriage younger age

Question 31

Federal Housing Administration

Answer 31

1930s; provide long-term mortgages(抵押贷款) to qualified at low interest rates

Question 32

Levittown

Answer 32

1950s; New York; also Pennsylvania and New Jersey; suburban subdivision; bec. postwar housing shortage

Question 33

Sun Belt

Answer 33

after WW2; S. and W. US; millions of A. moved to; climate, jobs

Question 34

cultural shifts 1950s

Answer 34

television; new teenage culture

Question 35

Beats

Answer 35

1950s; small group of young poets, writers, intellectuals, musicians, artists who challenged mainstream A. politics and culture of sterility and conformity of white middle-class society

Question 36

rise of S. civil rights movement

Answer 36

after WW2; fight for A.A. full citizenship; Congress of Racial Equality (CORE); NAACP; race riot; against school segregation

Question 37

"To Secure These Rights"

Answer 37

1947; report; problem of civil rights shortcomings within Cold War

Question 38

"Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas"

Answer 38

1954; overturned "Plessy"; applied to public schools