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APUSH > Period 6: 1865-1898 > Flashcards

Period 6: 1865-1898 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

What time period does APUSH Period 6 cover?

A

1865–1898

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2
Q

What are the major AP themes covered in this period?

A
  • WXT (Work, Exchange, Technology)
  • MIG (Migration)
  • POL (Politics and Power)
  • GEO (Geography and Environment)
  • CUL (Culture and Society)
  • ARC (American and Regional Culture)
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3
Q

What fueled the rapid economic growth during industrialization?

A

Railroads, steel, and oil

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4
Q

What is the Gospel of Wealth?

A

Carnegie’s belief that the rich should use wealth for the public good.

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5
Q

Define Social Darwinism.

A

Used to justify wealth inequality (‘survival of the fittest’).

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6
Q

What is vertical integration?

A

Controlling all production phases (Carnegie).

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7
Q

What is horizontal integration?

A

Buying out competition (Rockefeller).

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8
Q

What were the conditions of labor during this period?

A
  • Low wages
  • Long hours
  • Unsafe conditions
  • Child labor
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9
Q

Name a major union that was open to all workers.

A

Knights of Labor

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10
Q

What was the Haymarket Riot?

A

Bombing at a labor rally; led to anti-labor sentiment.

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11
Q

What did the Homestead Act of 1862 offer?

A

160 acres of land to settlers for free if they improved it.

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12
Q

What was the Dawes Act of 1887?

A

Assimilation policy, broke tribal land into individual plots.

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13
Q

What was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

A

First law banning immigration based on race.

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14
Q

Who was a key figure in the Populist Party?

A

William Jennings Bryan

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 ended _______.

A

patronage

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16
Q

What did the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 aim to address?

A

Monopolies

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17
Q

What was the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?

A

Upheld segregation, legitimized Jim Crow.

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18
Q

What does the term ‘Jim Crow laws’ refer to?

A

Enforced racial segregation.

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19
Q

What was the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?

A

First major strike; broken by federal troops.

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20
Q

What was the Omaha Platform?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Free coinage of silver
  • Direct election of senators
  • Graduated income tax
  • Government ownership of railroads
  • Secret ballot
  • Initiative and referendum
21
Q

What is the significance of Ellis Island?

Study These Flashcards
A

Immigration processing center established in 1892.

22
Q

True or False: The Grange Movement aimed to fight railroad abuses through cooperative buying/selling.

23
Q

Who was Jane Addams?

Study These Flashcards
A

Founded Hull House in Chicago; offered aid and education to immigrants.

24
Q

What was the role of political machines during the Gilded Age?

Study These Flashcards
A

Provided services in exchange for votes.

25
What characterized Gilded Age politics?
* Weak presidents * High voter turnout * Patronage * Corruption
26
What was the significance of the Wabash v. Illinois (1886) ruling?
States can’t regulate interstate commerce; led to ICC.
27
What did Booker T. Washington advocate for?
Vocational training, Atlanta Compromise.
28
What was the Ghost Dance Movement?
Native spiritual movement; seen as threat by U.S. military.
29
What was the primary goal of the Reconstruction era after the Civil War?
To rebuild the South and integrate formerly enslaved people into society.
30
True or False: The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869.
True.
31
Fill in the blank: The __________ Act of 1882 significantly restricted immigration from China.
Chinese Exclusion
32
Short answer: What was the impact of the Homestead Act of 1862?
It encouraged westward expansion by providing land to settlers.
33
Multiple choice: Which group was primarily affected by the Dawes Act of 1887?
Native Americans.
34
What economic system became prominent in the late 19th century, characterized by monopolies and trusts?
Capitalism.
35
True or False: The Gilded Age is known for its significant wealth disparity and political corruption.
True.
36
Fill in the blank: The __________ Strike of 1892 was a major labor dispute at a steel plant in Pennsylvania.
Homestead
37
Short answer: What was the main purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887?
To regulate railroad rates and practices.
38
Multiple choice: Which movement arose in the late 19th century advocating for social reform and labor rights?
The Populist Movement.
39
What was the significance of the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
It upheld racial segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine.
40
True or False: The Spanish-American War occurred in 1898.
True.
41
Fill in the blank: The __________ Frontier refers to the period of westward expansion in the United States.
American
42
Short answer: What was the primary cause of the Pullman Strike in 1894?
Wage cuts and high rents in company-owned housing.
43
Multiple choice: Which event marked the end of the Indian Wars?
The Wounded Knee Massacre.
44
What were the goals of the Progressive movement that began in the late 19th century?
To address the issues of industrialization, urbanization, and corruption in government.
45
True or False: The Women's Suffrage Movement gained significant traction during Period 6.
True.
46
Fill in the blank: The __________ was a major political party formed in the 1890s that represented the interests of farmers and laborers.
Populist Party
47
Short answer: What was the significance of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
It aimed to prevent monopolies and promote competition.
48
Multiple choice: What was a major consequence of the discovery of gold in California in 1848?
A massive influx of settlers to the West.

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