Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

brain and behaviour > peripheral distribution of cn i-vi > Flashcards

peripheral distribution of cn i-vi Flashcards

1
Q

where do cranial nerves 1 and 2 exit from?

A

the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where does cn 3 exit from?

A

midbrain-pontine junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where does cn4 exit?

A

midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where does cn 5 exit?

A

pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where do 6, 7, 8 exit?

A

pontine-medullary junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where do 9, 10, 11 exit?

A

medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where does 12 exit?

A

medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the olfactory nerve control?

A

smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what fibres make up the olfactory nerve?

A

special sensory afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is the FON of the olfactory nerve found?

A

endothelium of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where do the axons of the FON go?

A

pierce through cribiform plate and into the olfactory bulb where they synapse with mitral cells to form the olfactory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the optic nerve responsible for?

A

vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what fibres make up the optic nerve?

A

special sensory afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the optic nerve made up of?

A

axons of ganglion retinal cells which receive input from the photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what type of vision are rods responsible for?

A

low light vision

black and white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of vision are cones responsible for?

A

colour vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how are photoreceptors of the eye connected to the visual cortex?

A

sensory afferents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where do the 2 optic nerves connect?

A

optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where does the optic tract run?

A

through the lateral geniculate ganglion in the respective hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how does the optic nerve leave the eyeball?

A

through the optic canal in the orbit in the sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what nerves move the eyeball?

A

occulomotor
trochlear
abducens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what muscles move the eye?

A

4 rectus muscles
superior oblique
inferior oblique
levator palpabrae superioris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where do the rectus muscles originate and where do they attach?

A

origin - annulus of Zinn

attach - sclera of eyeball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the levator palpabrae superioris do?

A

raise the upper eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where does the superior oblique originate?

A

sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where does the superior oblique attach and how?

A

sclera through the trochlea pulley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

where does the inferior oblique originate and attach?

A

origin - maxilla bone

attach - sclera (posterior to LR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the annulus of zinn?

A

common tendinous ring at the apex of the orbit in the sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what axis do lateral and medial rotation of the eye occur around?

A

the AP axis

30
Q

what axis do elevation and depression of the eye occur around?

A

transverse axis

31
Q

what axis do abduction and adduction occur around?

A

vertical axis

32
Q

what movements does the superior oblique do? which is the main movement?

A

main: depression
intorsion
abduction

33
Q

what movements does the inferior oblique do? which is the main movement?

A

main: elevation
extorsion
abduction

34
Q

what movements does the medial rectus do?

A

adduction

35
Q

what movements does the lateral rectus do?

A

abduction

36
Q

what movements does the superior rectus do?

A

elevation
adduction
intorsion

37
Q

what movements does the inferior rectus do?

A

depression
adduction
extorsion

38
Q

what fibres make up the occulomotor nerve?

A

general somatic efferent (GSE), general visceral efferent (GVE)

39
Q

what actions is the GVE responsible for in the occulomotor nerve?

A

pupil constriction, accommodation reflex (focusing images), pupillary constriction

40
Q

what nucleus gives rise to GSE fibres in the occulomotor nerve?

A

motor

41
Q

what do the GSE fibres in the occulomotor nerve innervate?

A

LPS, SR, MR, IR and IO muscles

42
Q

what nucleus gives rise to GVE in the occulomotor nerve and where does the fibre then go?

A

parasympathetic nucleus

goes to ciliary ganglion then to the sphincter pupillae for constriction and ciliary muscle for accommodation

43
Q

where do sympathetic fibres of the occulomotor nerve come fromand where do they go?

A

pass through ciliary ganglion from the internal carotid plexus

44
Q

what do the sympathetic fibres of the occulomotor nerve do?

A

pupil dilation and blood vessel dilation in the eye

45
Q

what fibres make up the trochlear nerve and what do they innervate?

A

General somatic efferent (GSE) – innervates superior oblique muscle

46
Q

what fibres make up the abducens nerve and what do they innervate?

A

GSE innervates lateral rectus muscle

47
Q

what shape is the bony orbit?

A

pyramidal shape

48
Q

how are the medial walls of the orbit orientated?

A

parallel to each other

49
Q

what angle are the lateral walls of the orbit to each other?

A

right angles

50
Q

how can a muscle of the eye be tested for a single movement?

A

Vector pull of the muscle needs to be aligned with the axis of the eye when clinically testing a muscle which carries out more than one movement –> allows muscle to be isolated

51
Q

what are the signs of occulomotor nerve palsy?

A 
ptosis
stabismus
dyplopia
dilated pupil
down and out - unopposed “down” of superior oblique and “out” of lateral rectus
52
Q

what is ptosis?

A

drooping of the upper eyelid

53
Q

what is stabismus?

A

eyes not aligned bc the eye starts to pull down

54
Q

what is dyplopia?

A

double vision

55
Q

what is dilated pupil a sign of occulomotor nerve palsy?

A

parasympathetic branch of nerve controls constriction of the pupil

56
Q

what causes occulomotor nerve palsy?

A

Head injury, infection, migraine, brain tumour, aneurysm, diabetes, or high BP

57
Q

what are signs of trochlear nerve palsy?

A

paralysis of superior oblique
eye is elevated, adducted and extorsion
patients attempt to minimise diplopia by tilting head

58
Q

what are symptoms of abducens nerve palsy?

A

paralysis of lateral rectus

affected eye cannot abduct

59
Q

what is abducens nerve palsy a sign of?

A

raised intracranial pressure

60
Q

what fibres make up the trigeminal nerve?

A

General somatic afferent, branchiomotor efferent

61
Q

what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

v1 - opthalmic
v2 - maxillary
v3 - mandibular

62
Q

is the opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve sensory or motor?

A

sensory only

63
Q

what are the branches of the opthalmic branch and what do they innervate?

A
  • Lacrimal (doesn’t innervate the gland, just pierces through it),
  • Frontal (divides into 2 – supertrochlear and superorbital – innervate the upper eyelid and the forehead/skin of the scalp
  • Nasociliary – sensory supply to the cornea
64
Q

is the maxillary nerve sensory or motor?

A

sensory only

65
Q

what areas does the maxillary nerve innervate?

A

Innervates infraorbital, superior alveolar branches (innervates the palate), palatine, zygomatic regions

66
Q

is the mandibular nerve motor or sensory?

A

both

67
Q

what does the motor branch of the mandibular branch innervate?

A

Innervates muscles of mastication, ant belly digastric/mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatin

68
Q

what does the sensory branch of the mandibular branch innervate?

A

buccal (mucous membrane of cheek), auriculotemporal, inferior alveolar, lingual

69
Q

why is there no C1 dermatome?

A

motor only

70
Q

what causes damage to cranial nerve 5?

A

Pressure aneurysm, tumour infiltration

71
Q

what are symptoms of cn 5 damage?

A
  • Paralysis muscles of mastication
  • Loss of sensation to face
  • Loss of corneal reflex
72
Q

what nerve can a 3rd molar extraction damage and what does this cause?

A

can damage lingual nerve – loss of sensation to anterior tongue (taste and somatosensory) and reduced salivation due to involvement of the lingual nerve

brain and behaviour (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions