peripheral nerve injuries Flashcards
what nerve runs through the anatomical snuffbox
radial n
what nerve runs through the thenar eminence
median n
C5 dermatome
does not cross the forearm
on lateral side of arm
c6 dermatome
thumb, front and back
lateral half of index finger, front and back
c7 dermatome
middle of forearm and hand
lateral sides of index and ring finger, front and back
full middle finger, front and back
c8 dermatome
medial forearm, front and back
full pinky, front and back
medial side of ring finger, front and back
t1 dermatome
medial elbow, front and back
cutaneous nerve supply for the hand - ulnar nerve
palmer side only
full pinky and half of ring finger
cutaneous nerve supply for the hand - median nerve
palmer view:
half of ring finger, full middle, index, thumb
dorsal view:
finger tips of digits 1-3 and half of ring finger
cutaneous nerve supply for the hand - radial nerve
palmer view:
lateral thumb/close to thenar eminence
dorsal:
phalageal 1-3 (not going to fingertips)
median nerve entrapments
proximal to elbow
compression under ligament of struthers
- radiographs may show bone spurs
- motor and sensory loss in the entire distribution
- pronator teres mm affected
supply of the pronator teres is ABOVE the elbow
median nerve entrapments
pronator teres syndrome
compression between two heads of the pronator
MOi: overuse, repetitive activities invlving pronation like hammering and tennis
S/S: heaviness and pain in the forearm, minimal night pain
pronator teres is spared since the innervation/supply happens above the elbow
FPL, APB, FDP (digits 203), OP, OQ mm.
pain is reproduced with resisted flexion and pronation
sensory: digits 1-3.5 and thenar eminencen
special tests:
(+) pronator teres syndrom test
(+) tinels sign at forearm
(-) phalens test (carpal tunnel syndrome)
median nerve entrapments
anterior interosseuous syndrome
compressed below the PT, near flexor group
- pure motor
- weakness: FPL, FDP (digits 2-3), PQ
forearm pain but no sensory symptoms
unable to make OK sign (kiloh nevin sign)
median nerve entrapments
carpal tunnel syndrome
compressed under the transverse ligament
sensory: deficits median distribution but sparing the thenar eminence
motr: ABP, OP, FBP, thenar mm atrophy
~nocturnal pain~
reproduction og pain with prolonged wrist flexion, active compression of carpal tunnel produces symtptoms
special tests:
(+) tinnels at wrist
(+) phalens and reverse phalens
radial nerve entrapment
crutch palsy
radial nerve entrapment
high radial nerve injury
humerus spiral groove or shaft fracture
radial nerve entrapment
radial tunnel syndrome
compression of PIN in the radial tunnel
radial nerve entrapment
PIN syndrome
compression of PIN between the two heads of supinator mm
radial nerve entrapment
wartenberg’s sydnrome
cheiralgia paresthetica: compression of superficial sensory branch under ECRL and brachialis tendons
ulnar nerve entrapment
ulnar nerve entrapment between two head of FCU
ulnar nerve entrapment
Guyon’s canal syndrome
ulnar nerve entrapment between the hook of hamate and transverse carpal ligament
what nerve lives between the first and second web space of the feet
deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
c1-c2 myotome
cervical flexion
c3 myotome
c/s lateral flexion
