Peripheral Vascular

Question 1

What are the two different systems in the peripheral vascular system

Answer 1

Vascular and lymphatics

Question 2

Tell me about the arteries

Answer 2

HIGH pressure, THICK walls, carry blood AWAY from the heart

Question 3

Tell me about the veins

Answer 3

LOW pressure, THIN walls, carries blood TO the heart, CALF pump, VALVES, INSPIRATION

Question 4

What is the lymphatic system important in

Answer 4

The immune system

Question 5

What does the lymphatic system do

Answer 5

Helps the PV system REMOVE FLUID in the INTERSITIAL space

Question 6

What happens when there is extra fluid in the interstitial space

Answer 6

Edema

Question 7

What is the interstitial space

Answer 7

Lies between blood vessels and cells

Question 8

What does the brachial artery split into

Answer 8

The ulnar and radial arteries

Question 9

What are the major arteries in the legs and where are they

Answer 9

FEMORAL- under INGUNIAL ligament, CENTRAL PULSE
POPITEAL- behind the KNEE
Anterior and posterior TIBIAL artery- behind the big ANKLE bone
DORSALIS PEDIS- flex the BIG TOE

Question 10

Cam you palpate lymphnodes on children, is that normal

Answer 10

Yes, they should ne nonTENDER

Question 11

What should you expect in pregnant women

Answer 11

BILATERAL pitting EDEMA in the lower extermities, VARICOSE VEINS

Question 12

What is more difficulty to palpate on older adults

Answer 12

Pulses

Question 13

What can leg pain or cramps be caused by

Answer 13

Intermittent claudication

Question 14

Tell me more about intermittent claudication

Answer 14

CALFS hurt while walking and get better with rest, associated with PAD

Question 15

How do you assess the skin when looking at PV

Answer 15

Normal skin assessment

Question 16

What is Raynaud’s disease

Answer 16

Blood isn’t getting to the fingers

Question 17

What can unilateral edema mean

Answer 17

DVT

Question 18

What can bilateral edema mean

Answer 18

CHF, outside of this sytem

Question 19

What does smoking do to the arteries

Answer 19

Constricts

Question 20

How to prepare assesses PV

Answer 20

Romm temp, comfortable

Question 21

What is the order of assessment of PV

Answer 21

Inspection, palpation

Question 22

What are you inspecting on the arms PV

Answer 22

Color, symmetry, CLUBBING

Question 23

What are you palpating on the arms

Answer 23

CAPILLARY refill, TEMP, RADIAL and BRACHIAL pulses

Question 24

How do you grade pulses

Answer 24

4- bounding
3- full
2- moderate/ normal
1- weak
0- absent

Question 25

What is a normal capillary refill and what does it mean if it's longer

Answer 25

<2 seconds, poor PERFUSION

Question 26

What is the degree for clubbing and what does it indicate and how does it happen

Answer 26

>160, chronic HYPOXIA, the brain tells finger vessels to dilate so they get more O2 but also nutrients so the tissues GROW

Question 27

What kind of pts have blubbing of the fingernails

Answer 27

Respiratory pts: COPD, CHF

Question 28

What should you do when palpating pulses

Answer 28

Bilateral

Question 29

What is the Allens test

Answer 29

Tests the patencey of the ULNAR artery and a positive test is bad

Question 30

What are you inspecting on the legs

Answer 30

Color, clubbing, symmetry, ulvers, varicose veins, edema

Question 31

What are you palpating on the legs

Answer 31

CAPILLARY refill, TEMP, FEMORAL, POPLITEAL, posterior TIBIAL, DORSALIS PEDIS

Question 32

Tell me the location, margin, drainage, tissue, and cause of venous ulcers

Answer 32

Location: medial malleolus Margin- irregularly shaped Drainage- moderate-large Tissue- Yellow Cause- PVD

Question 33

Tell me the location, margin, drainage, tissue, and cause of arterial ulcers

Answer 33

Location- tips of toes, lateral malleoulus Margins- rounded, hole punch Drainage- minimal Tissue- Black eschar Cause- PAD

Question 34

What are varicose ceins

Answer 34

Swollen twisted veins

Question 35

How do varicose veins form

Answer 35

Blood pressure increases inside the veins

Question 36

What type of people would you expect to have vaicose veins

Answer 36

Pregnancy, obesity, older adults, nurses

Question 37

Where do you check for edema

Answer 37

Tibia or medial malleolus

Question 38

What is the scale for pitting edema

Answer 38

1-4 good to bad

Question 39

How should your pt lay to feel the popiteal pulse

Answer 39

Pt lay prone

Question 40

What is a doppler and what's a tip for it

Answer 40

It detect blood flow and is a pulse is present, mark the pulse with a sharpie

Question 41

What is peripheral vascular disease

Answer 41

UMBRELLA term, contians both PAD and PVD

Question 42

What are the causes of peripheral vascular diseases

Answer 42

Smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, HTN

Question 43

What is the definition of PVD

Answer 43

A problem with blood going BACK to the heart, vascular INSUFFICIENCY

Question 44

What the treatment for PVD

Answer 44

ELEVATE, aspirin, statins, surgery, keep vein OPEN

Question 45

What symptoms of PVD VEINY

Answer 45

Very big pulses Edema Irregularly shaped sores No sharp pain, DULL and CONSTANT Yellow ankles

Question 46

What is the definition of PAD

Answer 46

NARROWING of the arteries makes it difficult to pump blood to the body

Question 47

What is the treatment for PAD

Answer 47

DANGLE, stop SMOKING, avoid TIGHT clothing, VASODILATORS, ANTIPLATELETS, MOVING

Question 48

What are the symptoms of PAD ARTS

Answer 48

ABSENT pulses, ROUND red sores, TOES and feet eschar, SHARP calf pain

Question 49

Where does DVT happen

Answer 49

Below the knees

Question 50

What are the risk factors of DVT

Answer 50

Obesity, oral CONTRACEPTIVES, prolonged IMMOBILITY, SURGERY

Question 51

What are the S/S of DVT

Answer 51

PAIN, REDNESS, UNILATER swelling, WARM legs positive: D Dimer, Homan's sign (moving foot up) CALF CIRCUMFERENCE

Question 52

What is the treatment of DTV

Answer 52

Don't Disoldge the clot EleVate AnTicoagulants

Question 53

What does intermittent claudication happen with

Answer 53

PAD