Flashcards in Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Viscera Deck (47)
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1
What does splanchnic mean?
related to the viscera
2
What does hepatic mean?
associated with liver
3
What does cystic mean?
associated with gallbladder
4
What does pancreatic mean?
associated with pancreas
5
What does splenic mean?
associated with spleen
6
What does gastric mean?
associated with stomach
7
What does colic mean?
associated with the colon
8
What does recto mean?
associated with the rectum
9
What does phrenic mean?
associated with diaphragm
10
What is the peritoneum?
Thin, translucent, serous membrane
11
Where is the parietal peritoneum?
lines inner abd. wall
12
Where is the visceral peritoneum?
covers organs
13
Organs behind the peritoneum are called ...
retroperitoneal
14
True or false: vessels tend to travel between the peritoneal layers
True
15
What makes up the peritoneal sac?
all visceral & parietal peritoneal membranes
16
What is the peritoneal cavity?
- a potential space within sac
- contains only a small amount of serous fluid
- allow organs to move freely without friction
17
What are Marked Ascites & umbilical herniation?
- The potential space of the peritoneal cavity can become an actual space
- May contain up to several liters of fluid (ascites)
- Disease, injury or infection can lead to pooling of fluids (blood, bile, pus, feces)
18
What are the Double layered Peritoneal Folds & Ligaments?
1) Greater Omentum
2) Lesser Omentum
3) Mesentery Proper
4) Suspensory Ligament of Treitz
5) Mesocolon
6) Falciform Ligament
7) Coronary Ligament
19
Where is the Greater Omentum?
- attaches to greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon
- Drapes over small intestines like an ‘apron’
- ‘Apron’ = gastrocolic ligament
*4 layers of peritoneum
- functionally it can wall off infections & inflammation sites
- results in formation of adhesions
20
What is the Lesser Omentum?
- attaches to lesser curvature of stomach and duodenum
- 2 portions connect these structures to the liver
- Hepatogastric ligament
* connects liver to stomach
- Hepatoduodenal ligament
*connects liver to duodenum
*Contains the portal triad
Portal Triad = hepatic a., portal v., & bile duct
21
What is the Mesentery Proper?
- Anchors most of the small intestine to posterior abd. wall
- Runs diagonally from duodenojejunal jxn. to ileocecal jxn.
*a distance = 15 to 20 cm in adults
- Note: duodenum anchored by suspensory ligament of Treitz
22
What is the Suspensory Ligament of Treitz?
- Fibromuscular ligament descends from the R. crus of diaphragm
- Crosses over L. crus & holds distal duodenum in place
- Prevents duodenojejunal jxn. from sagging
23
What is the Mesocolon?
- Anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall
- Ascending & Descending colon have no mesentery
* attached directly to the posterior wall
- Transverse Colon anchored by transverse mesocolon
- Sigmoid colon anchored by sigmoid mesocolon
- Rectum only partially covered with peritoneum
24
What is the Falciform Ligament?
- Divides liver into R & L lobes
- Anchors liver to diaphragm & anterior body wall
- Round ligament of the liver
*Note: inferior border contains the obliterated umbilical vein.
25
What is the Coronary Ligament?
- Reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver
- Attach liver to inferior surface of diaphragm
- bare area = upper posterior liver
26
What are the Single Layered Peritoneal Folds?
1 median umbilical fold
covers fetal urachus
2 medial umbilical folds
covers fetal umbilical aa.
2 lateral umbilical folds
covers inferior epigastric vessels
27
What are the Infraumbilical peritoneal folds?
median umbilical fold
- from urinary bladder to umbilicus
- covers median umbilical ligament
medial umbilical folds (2)
- covers medial umbilical ligaments
- occuded portions of umbilical aa.
lateral umbilical folds (2)
- covers inferior epigastric vessels
28
What are Peritoneal Pouches?
- Potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients
- Becomes actual spaces in recumbent patients
* Hepatorenal pouch
* Rectovesical or retrouterine pouch
- Pathological fluids can accumulate in these recesses
29
What is the Hepatorenal pouch (Pouch of Morrison)?
- Bounded by liver, R kidney, colon & duodenum
* lowest part of peritoneal cavity when recumbent
- fluids may move down to retrovesical/rectouterine pouch – when in reclining position or sitting up
30
