Personality Disorders

Question 1

what is a personality

Answer 1

a cluster of relatively predictable patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that is generally consistent across time, space and context

Question 2

what is the 5 factor model of personality

Answer 2

OCEAN

• openness
• conscientiousness
• extraversion
• agreeableness
• neuroticism

Question 3

according to ICD-10 what is a personality disorder

Answer 3

individuals characteristics and enduring patterns of inner experiences and behaviour deviate markedly as a whole from the culturally accepted and expected range

Question 4

in what 4 ways can personality disorder manifest (will manifest in more than 1)

Answer 4

cognition
affectivity
impulse control
interpersonal functioning

Question 5

what is cognition

Answer 5

the way one perceives and interprets things and forms attitudes and images of self and others

Question 6

what is affectivity

Answer 6

range, intensity and appropriateness of emotional arousal and response

Question 7

it is only a disorder and not a trait if it is

Answer 7

pervasive
causes distress
causes impairment of functioning in most areas

Question 8

__% of the population have a PD

Answer 8

10

Question 9

1 in __ of psychiatric inpatients / outpatients have a PD

Answer 9

inpatients - 1/2

outpatients - 1/3

Question 10

what is Cluster A according to ICD-10

Answer 10

MAD - odd and eccentric
- schizoid
- paranoid
(- schizotypal DSM V)

Question 11

what is Cluster B according to ICD-10

Answer 11

BAD - emotional and dramatic
- dissocial 
- EUPD (borderline and impulsive)
- histrionic
(narcissistic - DSM V)

Question 12

what is Cluster C according to ICD-10

Answer 12

SAD - anxious and avoidant

• anxious
• dependent
• anankastic

Question 13

Paranoid PD is part of what cluster

Answer 13

A

Question 14

describe paranoid PD

Answer 14

4 of:

• tendency to bear grudges
• self importance
• conspiracy theories
• suspicious / miscontrues actions of others
• suspicious of partner without reason
• sensitive to set backs
• personal rights

Question 15

Schizoid PD is part of what cluster

Answer 15

A

Question 16

describe schizoid PD

Answer 16

4 of:

• few if any activities give them pleasure
• emotional coldness/detachment/flattened affectivity
• limited ability to express warm feelings to others, or anger
• almost always chooses solitary activity
• preoccupation with fantasy/introspection
• neither has nor desires any close relations (may have 1)
• disregard for prevailing social norms
• no desire to have sexual relations with another person
• indifferent to praise or criticism of others

Question 17

what is the 3rd PD that DSM V includes in cluster A but ICD-10 doesn’t

Answer 17

schizotypal

Question 18

who is an example of a schizotypal PD

Answer 18

willy wonka

Question 19

describe a schizotypal PD

Answer 19

5 of:

• odd beliefs or magical thinking
• odd speech and thinking
• lack of close friends
• eccentric/strange/peculiar behaviour or appearance
• social anxiety
• inappropriate or constricted affect
• ideas of reference (not delusions)
• unusual perceptual experiences
• suspicious or paranoid ideation

Question 20

is dissocial PD the same as psychopathy

Answer 20

no

Question 21

what is psychopathy

Answer 21

set of deficits in emotional and cognitive functioning

Question 22

60-80% of male prisoners will have ____ but only 15% _____

Answer 22

DPD

only 15% will be psychopaths

Question 23

what cluster is dissocial/antisocial PD in

Answer 23

cluster B - BAD

Question 24

describe dissocial PD

Answer 24

3 of:

• callous unconcern for feelings of others
• irresponsible and disregard for social norms/rules
• difficulty maintaining enduring relationships but no difficulty establishing them
• incapacity to feel guilt or to benefit from adverse experience in particular punishment
• low tolerance to frustration and low threshold for violence
• proneness to blame others

Question 25

what are the 2 types of emotionally unstable PD

Answer 25

impulsive and borderline

Question 26

describe impulsive EUPD

Answer 26

3 of: - act unexpectedly without consideration of the consequences - quarrelsome behaviour and conflicts with others especially if impulsive acts are criticised - outbursts of anger/violence - unstable mood - inability to maintain course of action that offers no immediate reward

Question 27

what predisposes to EUPD

Answer 27

adverse childhood experience

Question 28

describe borderline EUPD

Answer 28

plus 2 of: - disturbances in and uncertainty about self image, aims and internal preferences (including sexuality) - intense and unstable relationships leading to emotional crisis - excessive efforts to avoid abandonment - recurrent threats or acts of self harm - chronic feeling of emptiness

Question 29

what cluster is histrionic PD part of

Answer 29

cluster B

Question 30

describe histrionic PD

Answer 30

4 of: - suggestible - inappropriately seductive in appearance or behaviour - overly concerned with physical attractiveness - continually seeks excitement and activities in which they are the centre of attention - shallow/labile affectivity - self-dramatisation, theatricality or exaggerated expression of emotions

Question 31

what character in a movie has a histrionic PD

Answer 31

regina george

Question 32

what is the PD that DSM-V includes in cluster 2

Answer 32

Narcissistic PD

Question 33

what character has a narcissistic PD

Answer 33

walter white | hitler

Question 34

describe narcissistic PD

Answer 34

5 of: - grandiose logic of self importance - fixation with idea of infinite success - think they are exceptional/extraordinary - desire for unwarranted admiration - interpersonally oppressive behaviours - sense of entitlement - no form of empathy - resentment of others or conviction that others resent them - egotistical and conceited behaviours

Question 35

what cluster is anankastic PD in

Answer 35

cluster C - SAD

Question 36

what is the DSM-V name for anankastic PD

Answer 36

OCPD

Question 37

describe anankastic PD

Answer 37

5 of: - feelings of excessive doubt and caution - preoccupation with details - perfectionism that interferes with task completion - excessive conscientiousness and scruptulousness - undue preoccupation with productivity to exclusion of pleasure and relationships - excessive pedantry and adherence to social conventions - rigidity and stubbornness - unreasonable expectation for others to submit to their way of doing things / unreasonable reluctance to allow others to do things

Question 38

what character has anankastic PD

Answer 38

monica

Question 39

what cluster is anxious PD in

Answer 39

C - SAD

Question 40

describe anxious PD

Answer 40

4 of - persistent feelings of tension/apprehension - belief that they are socially inept/inferior to others - excessive preoccupation about being criticised/rejected in social situations - unwillingness to get involved with people unless certain of being liked - restrictions to lifestyle because of need of security - avoidance of social or occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact because of fear of criticism

Question 41

describe dependent PD

Answer 41

4 of: - allowing others to make most of important life decisions - subordination of own needs to those of others and undue compliance with their wishes - unwillingness to make even reasonable demands on person they depend on - feeling uncomfortable and helpless when alone - fears of being left to take care of themselves - limited capacity to make decisions without excessive advice

Question 42

what should the focus of treatment of personality disorders be

Answer 42

comorbid conditions

Question 43

is pharmacological management indicated in PDs

Answer 43

no

Question 44

difficulties with impulse control

Answer 44

SSRI

Question 45

affective dysregulation

Answer 45

SSRI or mirtazapine

Question 46

cognitive perceptual symptoms

Answer 46

low dose antipsychotic

Question 47

what are some non-pharmacological managements for EUPD

Answer 47

- dialectal behavioural therapy for 6-12 months - mentalisation based therapy - STEPPS

Question 48

what is a psychological intervention for DPD

Answer 48

group based CBT