PERSONNEL MONITORING DEVICES Flashcards
(26 cards)
In occupational radiation monitoring, It is required when there is any likelihood that an individual will receive more than ______ of the recommended dose limit.,
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THE OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION MONITOR OFFERS what?
no protection against exposure
Where are active dosimeters used?
hazardous environments like a nuclear reactor or other places with a high chance at higher radiation levels
Active dosimeters are designed to what?
let the wearer know how much radiation they have been exposed and are often equipped with a notification feature to let you know when you are approaching a pre-set limit of radiation exposure
two types of active dosimeters?
Electronic Personal Dosimeters
Pen Dosimeters
What are passive dosimeters?
Used when you are exposed to only low radiation levels, or only occasionally exposed to radiation
Passive dosimeters records what?
records the amount of radiation over time but is not analyzed in real-time
Where are passive dosimeters used?
Used in hospitals by personnel who are exposed to low level of radiation.
Aside from hospitals, who else uses passive dosimeters?
miners
Generally used in Diagnostic radiology. It is similar to dental radiographic film and sandwiched between metal filters inside a plastic hold
Film badge
What are the 2 metal filters of film badge and what do they do?
Aluminum and Copper
allows estimation of the xray energy
advatages of using film badge?
Inexpensive, Easy to handle, easy to process, and reasonably accurate
Disadvantages of using film badge?
can’t read exposures less than 10 mR, It cannot be reused, It can’t be worn for longer than 1 month because of possible fogging caused by temperature and humidity.
What mineral is used in a TLD?
Lithium flouride in a crystalline form
What does TLD mean?
Thermolumiscient dosimeter
When exposed to xrays, what happens to the TLD?
the TLD absorbs energy and stores it in the form of excited electrons
Who experimented with some thermoluminiscent materials and were able to show that exposure to ionizing radiation caused some materials to glow particulary brightly when subsequent heated?
Cameron and coworkers at the University of Wisonsin
When did Cameron and his colleagues did the experiment?
1960s
advatages of using TLD?
more sensitive and accurate than Film Badge, It can measure as low as 5 mR, and It can be worn for intervals up to 1 year
Disadvatages of using TLD?
Expensive than Film Badge.
What does OSL mean?
Optically Stimulated Luminiscence
When is light emitted from the OSL?
Light is emitted when an OSL crystal is illuminat
OSL is developed by and when?
Landauer 1990s
What mineral is used in the OSL?
Aluminum Oxide
