PHARM - Drug of abuse

Question 1

What are the Desirable effects of Opioids & Narcotics ?

Answer 1

• Euphoria
• Sedation
• Relief of anxiety and various other forms of distress
• Analgesia
• Depression of cough reflex*

Question 2

What are the Undesirable effects of Opioids & Narcotics?

Answer 2

• Dysphoria
• Constipation
• Nausea & Vomiting
• Respiratory depression
• Urinary retention
• Miosis
• Dizziness

Question 3

What are the clinical findings of an Acute Toxicity / Overdose?

Answer 3

• Respiratory depression
• Pupils constricted (miosis)
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Pulmonary edema
• SLOWED Reflexes
• CNS depression
  Drowsiness —-> Sedation —> Coma

Question 4

Which drug is an Opioid antagonist, used to block the actions of opioids in a life-threatening situation of opioid overdose?

Answer 4

Naloxone

Question 5

Which drug used in the detoxification process & causes a less pronounced euphoria and less severe withdrawal?

Answer 5

Methadone

Question 6

At what duration of Opiod Withdrawal would mydriasis, reactive to light; increased pulse rate; ­blood pressure; yawning; chills; lacrimation; sweating; restless sleep be seen?

Answer 6

8-12 hours

Question 7

What symptoms are seen 6-8 hours after a withdrawal?

Answer 7

Drug seeking behaviour
Restlessness
Anxious

Question 8

What symptoms are seen 48-72 hours of withdrawal ?

Answer 8

All of the others plus muscular weakness, aches (cramps) and twitches; nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; ↑ temperature; ­ respiratory rate; ­ heart rate and blood pressure; dehydration.

Question 9

What are the Acute effects of Sedative/Hypnotics?

Answer 9

• Euphoria, impaired judgement, loss of self-control and anterograde amnesic effects.
• Slowed and slurred speech.
• Drowsiness can lead coma.

Question 10

Which drug is given the street name’ Blue angels’?

Answer 10

Amobarbital

A for Amobarbital A for Azul —> blue angels

Question 11

Which drug is given the street name ‘Purple hearts’?

Answer 11

Phenobarbital

Question 12

What is the street name for the drug Pentobarbital?

Answer 12

’ Yellow jacket’

Question 13

Which drug is given the street name ‘ Red devils’?

Answer 13

Secobarbital

Question 14

Which drug are known as Sleeping pills?

Answer 14

Flurazepam

Question 15

Which drug is known as the “ Date rape drug”?

Answer 15

Flunitrazepam

Question 16

Fill in the blanks.” _________ &________ are known as Tranquillizers.”

Answer 16

Diazepam (Valium) & Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

Question 17

Which drug is an Anticonvulsant?

Answer 17

Clonazepam

Question 18

What is the drug treatment for an overdose of Sedatives/ Hypnotics?

Answer 18

Flumazenil

Question 19

At which time period during Sedative/Hynotics withdrawal are “ The shakes’ seen?

Answer 19

24 hours

Question 20

True or False? Within 48-72hrs of Sedative/Hynotics withdrawal- convulsive seizures; vivid auditory and visual hallucinations (“the horrors”), agitation, disorientation, delirium, paranoid delusions may occur.

Answer 20

TRUE!!

Question 21

What are the symptoms that happen 12-16 hours of Sedative/Hypnotics withdrawals?

Answer 21

Tremors; insomnia; high fever; Anxiety and dysphoria. Sleep disturbances.

Question 22

What are examples of CNS stimulants?

Answer 22

I. Cocaine (Angie, coke, flake, gold dust)

II. Crack (rock, base, freebase, cloud nine)

III. Amphetamines (meth, crank)

IV. Cathinone (Khat)

V. Methylxanthines: caffeine, theophyline, theobromide

VI . Nicotine

Question 23

What is the MOA of Cocaine?

Answer 23

Inhibition of DA, NA reuptake => increase of DA and NA concentrations in N. accumbens.

Question 24

What are the treatments for Cocaine overdose?

Answer 24

• Atenolol*, metoprolol, esmolol and non-selective : labetolol - for autonomic hyperactivity Beta 1 blockade.
• Nitroglycerine or other nitrites/nitrates for angina
• . Calcium channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem)  for hypertension

Question 25

Which drugs are used for the treatment of Cocaine overdose after the acute toxic effects are handled?

Answer 25

* Antidepressants or depression * Haloperidol for psychosis * Alprazolam for panic attacks

Question 26

What are examples of Amphetamines?

Answer 26

Methylphenidate Phendimetrazine Methamphetamine Methylendioxyamphetamine Methylenedioxymetamphetamine

Question 27

Which Amphetamine use to treat attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in children), ?

Answer 27

Methylphenidate (Ritalin®,)

Question 28

Which Amphetamine can be used to treat obesity?

Answer 28

Phendimetrazine

Question 29

Which Amphetamine drug is known as " crystal', ' speed' , 'ice'?

Answer 29

Methamohetamine

Question 30

Which drug is given the street names " ( Angie, coke, flake, gold dust)" ?

Answer 30

Cocaine

Question 31

What is the treatment for Amphetamine overdose?

Answer 31

Iv bezodiazepenes Iv nitrates

Question 32

Nicotine is absorbed best by what organ?

Answer 32

The lungs

Question 33

True or False? Nicotine can cross the BBB and placenta.

Answer 33

TRUE!!

Question 34

What is the Detoxification treatment for a Nicotine Overdose?

Answer 34

* Smoking therapy = substitution, tapering off: nicotine gum (Nicorette), nicotine patches, nicotine nasal spray. Bupropion/wellbutrin

Question 35

What are the types of Drugs that causes Hallucinations or Delusions?

Answer 35

* Psychedelics and hallucinogens * Cannabis * Dissociative anesthetics. - Ketamine, Phencyclidine (PCP). * Anticholinergics. Mandrake root, jimson weed, atropine, scopolamine

Question 36

What are examples of Psychedelics and Hallucinogens?

Answer 36

* Indolamines: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), morning glory seed (LSM), psilocybin, psilocin, ibogaine, dimethyltryptamine (DMT). * Phenyethylamines: mescaline, bufotenin, dimethoxymethyl-amphetamine (DOM).

Question 37

What are examples of Indolamines?

Answer 37

* Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) * Morning glory seed (LSM), *Psilocybin *Psilocin *Ibogaine *Dimethyltryptamine (DMT).

Question 38

What are examples of Phenyeuthylamines?

Answer 38

My- Mescaline Baby - Burfotenin Daddy - Dimethoxymethyl-amphetamine (DOM).

Question 39

An acute toxicity/ overdose with having a symptom of Psychic toxicity, Acute transient psychosis & Flash backs is associated with which drug?

Answer 39

Hallucinogens

Question 40

True or False? The treatment for Hallucinogen overdose is Anticholinesterases & Beta blockers .

Answer 40

FALSE!!! There is NO TREATMENT for a Hallucinogen overdose .

Question 41

Where does the drug Cannabis originate from?

Answer 41

From the Indian hemp plant, or Cannabis sativa.

Question 42

What is the Active ingredient in Canabis ( Marijuana)?

Answer 42

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)