Leaning & Memory Physio Flashcards
Which memory is Declarative or recognition memory?
Explicit memory
Which memory is Non- Declarative or reflexive?
Implicit memory
TRUE OR FALSE? Implicit memory involves awareness.
FALSE!! It DOES NOT involve awareness
What is Priming?
Priming is a technique in which the introduction of one stimulus influences how people respond to a subsequent stimulus.
Ex. improved recall of a word when the first few letters are presented.
What are the different components of Implicit Learning?
- Priming ( Neocortex)
- Procedural Skills and Habits ( Striatum )
- Associative Learning ( Classical & Operant learning)
- Non - associative learning ( Habituation and Sensitisation ) Organism learns about a single stimulus .
What are the 4 processes involved in Explicit learning?
- Encoding
- Consolidation
- Storage
- Retrieval
What is Encoding ?
The processes by which newly learned information is attended to and processed when first encountered.
Which process of Explicit Information involves the processes that alter the newly stored and still labile information so as to make it more stable for long-term storage?
Consolidation
What are the features of the Storage process in Explicit memory?
- The mechanism and sites by which memory is retained over time.
- It seems to have an almost unlimited capacity.
Which process of Explicit memory is critically dependent on short-term working memory?
Retrieval
Which process of Explicit memory involves bringing different kinds of information together that are stored separately in different storage sites &
Is constructive process and therefore subject to distortion?
Retrieval
What is the duration of Short term memory?
Seconds to minutes
What is the duration of Intermediate memory?
Several minutes to weeks
What is the duration of Long term memory?
Years, lifetimes
What is another name for Long term memory?
Declarative or Reflexive / Procedural
What is another name for Shirt term memory ?
Working memory
TRUE or FALSE? Long term memory is NOT affected by Retrograde Amnesia.
TRUE!! It is affected by Anteretrograde amnesia
What is Synaptic plasticity?
The basis of formation of memory.
What is described as the important phenomenon required for development of memory?
Rehearsal
What parts of the brain are stimulated by Working memory?
- Prefrontal cortex (central executive)
- ‘Rehearsal system’ between related components (verbal ↔ visuospatial)
- Parahippocampal cortex and hippocampus
Fill in the blanks. “Density of receptors on their postsynaptic membranes (NMDA receptor & AMPA receptor)s are added to the membrane by __________ and removed by ______________ as a mechanism for changing their own excitability in response to stimuli.”
Added by Exocytosis
Removed by Endocytosis
What are the two major ligand gated ion channels receptors for Glutamate?
1) AMPA (ά-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyllisoxazole-4 propionate)
2) NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate)
What are the AMPA channels responsible for?
Initial Depolarization
Fill in the blanks. “ The _____________ phosphorylates the AMPA receptor P, increasing its conductance, and probably moves more AMPA receptors into the synaptic cell membrane.”
Kinase
