Pharmacology Flashcards
(22 cards)
Drugs with high volume of distribution
BADDOC
B- Benzodiazapine
Beta blocker
A- Amphetamine
D- Digoxin
O- Opiods
Organophosphate
C- CCB
Albumin binding drugs
Anti depressants
Anti psychotics
Anti epileptics
Aspirin
Anti coagulant like warfarin
Antibiotics like sulfonamides
Alpha1 acid glycoprotein binding drugs
TCA
Opiods
Anti arrhythmics like amiodarone, beta blockers, lidocaine
Factors determining volume of distribution
Fat content
Lipid solubility
Albumin binding
Tissue binding
Phase-1 reactions
ORCHAD
Oxidation
Reduction
Cyclisation
Hydrolysis
Aliphatic and aromatic hydroxylation
Deamination
Phase-2 reactions
GAMS
Glucoronidation
Glycination
Glutathionation
Acetylation
Methylation
Sulfation
All drugs metabolized by acetylation cause
Drug induced SLE
HIPS Dance
Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Sulfonamide
Dapsone
Radiation recall reaction
Anthracyclines like doxorubicin result in erythema and desquamation of skin at sites of previous radiation injury
Irreversible inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase
Afatinib- used for metastatic non small cell lung carcinoma
Henderson hasselback equation
For acids- pKa- pH= log[unionised]/[ionised]
Formula for volume of distribution
Avd= Dose/ Conc. * Bioavailability
Increase in alpha glycoprotein is seen in
Inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, IBD
MI
Examples of prodrugs
PRODRUG
Proguanil
Ramipril and other ACEi except capto,lisino
Oxcarbazepine, Omeprazole
Dipivefrine, Levodopa
Racecadotril
5FU
Gemcitabine
CYP2D6 metabolises
Psychiatric drugs ( Anti depressants, Anti psychotics)
Opiods
Beta blockers
Activates tamoxifen
CYP2C9 metabolises
Phenytoin, warfarin
CYP2E1 metabolises
Ethanol
PCM
CYP3A4 metabolises
Most drugs
Rate of drug elimination=
Plasma conc* clearance
Maintenance dose =
(Plasma conc. * Clearance * time) / f
Elimination constant=
Clearance/ volume of distribution
T1/2=
0.693/ Kel
Examples of drugs following zero order kinetics
Alcohol (true zero order)
Methanol
Heparin
Warfarin
Phenytoin
Theophylline, tolbutamide
