Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

VTNE PREPARATION > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

“The relationship between a drug’s ability to achieve the desired effect compared with its tendency to produce toxic effects” is the defintiion for what term?

A

Therapeutic index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is LD50? ED50?

A

Lethal Dose in 50% of animals in a trial. Effective dose in 50% of animals in a trial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Antibiotics work via one of 5 mechanisms:

A
  1. Disruption of development of cell wall (penicilin)
  2. Damaging cell membrane (Polymyxins)
  3. Interference with protein synthesis (Tetracyclines)
  4. Inhibition of nucleic acid production (Enrofloxacin)
  5. Disruption of microbial metabolic activity (Sulfa drugs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gentamicin and Tobramycin are examples of what category of antimicrobials?

A

Aminoglycosides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cefazolin is a ____ generation Cephalosporin

A

first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Enrofloxacin should be avoided in animals with compromised ____ systems

A

renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is Chloramphenicol banned by the FDA to give to food animals?

A

It can cause aplastic anemia in humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Metronidazole is a ________ drug and may be neurotoxic at higher doses

A

antiprotozoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 2 things can happen if Acetaminophen is given to cats?

A

Liver damage and methemoglobinemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Carprofen has been known to cause adverse reactions in the dog breed _______

A

labs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are Deramaxx, Previcox and Meloxicam such good choices as NSAIDs?

A

They are COX-1 (Good COX) sparing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Torbugesic is a trade name for which drug?

A

Butorphanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Most NSAIDs work by blocking _____ production from within the inflammatory process

A

Prostaglandin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why can cats not have many NSAIDs?

A

They lack the ability to metabolzie them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the number one adverse effect associated with Dexmedetomidine (Dedomitor)?

A

Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which drug is often used to stop status epilepticus?

A

Pentobarbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Metoclopramide stimulates the _____ system

A

GI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a large disadvantage of Digoxin? (inotropic cardiovascular drug)

A

Toxic and therpeutic doses may overlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Epinephrine is a ______ drug and is used as an emergency drug during cardiac arrest

A

adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Atropine is in the category ________ of cardio drugs and is used for cardiac support in emergencies

A

anticholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

An anticholinergic that is not suitable for emergency use is:

A

Glycopyrrolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Atenolol, Propranolol, Metoprolol are all types of ________ cardio drugs

A

Beta Blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an ACE inhibitor? Give an example

Study These Flashcards
A

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor. Benazapril

24
Q

Nitroglycerin and Hydralazine are both examples of ______ cardiac drugs and should be used in caution with patients with renal disease

25
______ is a local anesthetic that is also used as an antiarrhythmic
lidocaine
26
Lasix is the trade name for what Diuretic cardiac drug?
Furosemide
27
In a patient with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), ______ can be given SQ as an anticoagulant
Heparin
28
Diuretics work by:
Creating an osmotic force in the renal tubules, thus drawing in water and increasing urine output. This decreases cardiac workload
29
How to Positive Inotropes and Catecholamines work?
By increasing the strength of the contraction of the heart.
30
How do vasodilators improve cardiac function?
By expanding the diameter of the blood vessels, the blood can flow easier which reduces the workload of the heart
31
Name 2 opioids that are also used as antitussives (to suppress cough)
Butorphanol and hydrocodone
32
Albuterol is sold under the common trade name ______ and is a bronchodilator
Ventolin
33
Benadryl is the trade name for what antihistamine?
Diphenhydramine
34
Mucomyst is a trade name for Acetylcysteine and is considered a _______ category of respiratory drug. How is it commonly administered?
Mucolytic. Nebulization
35
The drug of choice for respiratory stimulation of neonates is:
Doxapram
36
When inflammation of the airway is severe, ________ drugs are administered
corticosteroid
37
Apomorphine induces vomiting, how?
By stimulating the vomiting center in the central nervous system
38
Syrup of ipecac and hydrogen peroxide are different types of emetics, how do they work?
They irritate the GI tract
39
A dog with gastrointestinal upset is put on a regimen of Chlorpromazine (trade name Thorazine). The owner calls the next day to say the dog's urine is brown. Is this an emergency?
This is a normal side effect ofthis medication
40
Maropitant citrate is commonly used for animals experiencing acute vomiting. What is it's trade name?
cerenia
41
Famotidine is used as:
An antiulcer, it coats the stomach
42
How does Sulcrafate work to treat gastric ulcers?
Forms a protective barrier at the site
43
When is Metoclopramide contraindicated to increase GI motility?
If a GI obstruction is suspected
44
Which miscellaneous GI drug is used to increase the flow of bile?
Ursodiol
45
How does the antacid Omeprazole work?
It is a proton pump inhibitor that prevents Hydrogen ions from being pumped into the stomach, reducing irritation
46
Heartgard is the trade name for what common antiparasitic?
Ivermectin
47
What is the best treatment for tapeworms?
Praziquantel (Droncit or Drontal)
48
Fludrocortisone (Florinef) is a mineralcorticoid for treatment of:
hypoadrenocorticism
49
Why is it important for the concentration of Insulin (U-100 or U-40) to match the syringe its administered in?
If U-100 Insulin is measured in a U-40 syringe, the animal will receive an overdose that is 2.5x the desired dose
50
_______ stimulate an animal's immune ystem by introducing an antigen derived from pathogenic agents, encouraing an increased immunoresponse
Vaccines
51
What Mucolytic drug can actually be used to treat acetaminophen toxicity?
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
52
Atipamezole (Antisedan) is used to reverse what drug?
Dexmedetomidine (Dexdomitor)
53
Opioid analgesics work by: a) blocking pain signals in brain b) preventing pain signal from reaching spinal cord c) reducing inflammation in tissues d) anesthetising patient
A
54
Prednisone should NOT be given with: a) midazolam b) diphenhydramine c) Famotidine d) Meloxicam
D: Corticosteroids and NSAIDs should not be given concurrently because of the increase in adverse effects
55
Which of the following is a CNS stimulant? a) Dopamine b) Dobutamine c) Dexmedetomidine d) Doxapram
D
56
Which is an antiemetic? a) Ranitidine b) Chlorpromazine c) Morphine d) Amlodipine
B: phenothiazine with antiemetic properties

VTNE PREPARATION (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions