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PharmII_Final Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the effects of endogenous histamine?

A

Decrease BP

Increase HTN

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2
Q

Which antihisamine generation have more sedating effects?

A

H1 antagonists 1st generation

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3
Q

Which antihistamine in the 2nd generation has the most sedating effects?

A

Zyrtec

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4
Q

Which receptor/mechanism does allergic rhinitis act on?

A

H1

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5
Q

What is the most rapid onset of the 5-HT1B agonist?

A

Rizatriptan

A newer drug and most effective for migraines

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6
Q

Which is a prophylactic drug for migraine headaches?

A

Beta blockers. Propranolol is effective in reducing frequency and intensity of headaches in 2/3 of patients.

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7
Q

What is the first option to treat acute(episodic) tension headaches?

A 
OTC NSAIDs:
ibuprofen
aspirin
Naproxen
acetaminophen(remem this is not an NSAID)
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8
Q

Which drug potentiates GABA and has affinity for BZ1 and BZ2 receptors

A

Alprazolam.

I think any benzodiazepine would work.

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9
Q

Which non-benzodiazepine acts at the BZ1 receptor, given for insomnia?

A

Ambien and Sonata

Lunesta is nonselective

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10
Q

Which drug is given to treat only absence seizures?

A

Ethosuximide

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11
Q

Which drug is given for simple partial and myotonic seizures?

A

Valproate

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12
Q

Which is the drug of choice for partial seizures

A

Phenytoin

Carbamazepine

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13
Q

What is the action of Sinemet inhibit?

A

Peripheral decarboxylase reducing available L-Dopa

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14
Q

MAO-B?

A

Selegiline

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15
Q

Which drug cannot be used to treat Chorea?

A

Selegiline

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16
Q

Which drug is CI for Parkinsons?

A

Haloperidol

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17
Q

Name a high potent conventional antipsychotic?

A

Haloperidol

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18
Q

name a low potency antipsychotic?

A

Chlorpromazine

Thioridazine

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19
Q

What can’t you use PPI in?

A

Non-ulcer dyspepsia

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20
Q

How long to wait to take PPI

A

One hour before a meal so it can get to canaliculus

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21
Q

Which drug act on mucosal recpetors to drecease acid secretions?

A

Misoprostol

It is a prostaglandin analog

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22
Q

What does misoprostol do to prego chicks?

A

It causes uterine contractions

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23
Q

Which drug has mixed receptor actions (both agonist and antagonist)?

A

Nubain

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24
Q

Which drug is used for treatment of opioid abuse?

A

BUprenex

Naloxone, Nalmefene, Naltrexone(longest actin)

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25
Which is not an effect of an opioid on CNS?
Anti-inflammation
26
Which drug irreversibly binds to COX1?
Aspirin
27
Which drug is given for the prophylactic trt of coronary artery disease that also blocks platelet aggregation?
Aspirin
28
Which drug will cause Fatal Hepatic necrosis and acute renal failure?
Acetaminophen
29
What do you give a patient if they overdose on Acetaminophen?
N-acetylcysteine - gastric lavage - replenish glutathione
30
Which drugs were withdrawn due to its prothrombin effects?
Vioxx | Bextra
31
Which NSAID is a high potency propionic acid derivative?
Ketoprofen
32
Which drug increases the elimination of uric acid?
Probenecid/ | Also Anturane
33
What condition can't you use SSRI for?
Mania
34
Which drug is precribed to help patients stop smoking?
Bupropion
35
Which drug is used to treat acute mania?
Lithium
36
If you can't use lithium to treat mania, what is another option?
Valproate
37
Which drug is a NRI?
Atomoxetine | Approved for ADHD
38
Which drug causes death at high doses?
Secobarbital
39
Which drug is gien IV for maintenance of general anesthesia along with Bupivicaine?
Fentanyl. | It is 100X more potent than morpine
40
Which drug is given for post-op pain after dental work has been done?
Methadone
41
Name an opioid with hihgh oral bioavailability?
Codeine
42
Midazolam
Short acting BDZ. | Used for anesthesia
43
Which anxiolytic takes about 1 week to take effect?
Buspar
44
T/F? Phenytoin is not dependent on both boltage and use dependent?
False! | It is dependent!!!
45
T/F? | Valproate can displace phenytoin from plasma proteins thus increasing its concentration?
True story
46
Which anti-epileptic causes irreversible visual impairment?
Vigabatrin
47
What is the name of the pre-cursor that precedes transport across the BBB?
L-dopa
48
Which Parkinsons drug does not cross the BB?
Carbidopa
49
Which medication is best used along with domperidone to treat the off phase in Parkinsons?
Apomorphine
50
Which drug is contraindicated with patients with cardio problems?
Thioridazine Ziprasidone Citalopram
51
If a patient Overdoses on Haloperidol, what do you give them?
Dantrolene and Bromocriptine
52
What is the first line agent for many psychoses?
Risperidone
53
What antidepressant also treats neuropathic pain
Amitriptyline(Nortriptyline) -Methadone Gabapentin Opiods won't do jack
54
Are opioids good for neuropathic pain or nociceptive pain?
Nociceptive pain!!!
55
MOA of nortriptyline?
Post synaptic membrane suppression
56
Prozac + Olanzapine =
Symbyax | Treats bipolar
57
What acts as a Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) and aids in more potent NE transport
Duloxetine
58
If giving a patient hydrocodone and increase more of it and give more doses and stilll nothing happens, what do you give?
Hydromorphone | U give a stronger agonist
59
What are the four things u never get tolerant to for opioids?
Bradycardia (moderate tolerance) miosis (diagnostic) Constipation Convulsant
60
What is the most likely event of barbiturate overdose?
Respiratory failure
61
What can antagonize the effects of opiod overdose?
Naloxone
62
What can be used to aid in opioid withdrawal?
Methadone
63
Why is naloxone given with opioid drugs?
TO decrease abuse
64
Name the drug that is: Full agonist at kappa Antagonist at mew
Nubain
65
Name the drug that is: full agonist at kappa partial agonist at mew
Pentazocine
66
Name the drug that is antagonist at kappa partial agonist at mew
Buprenex
67
Name the drug that is STRONG agonist at kappa Partial agonist at mew
Butorphanol. | Matches with Pentazocine
68
Why does NSAIDs cause duodenal cancers in a patient being treated for ZOllinger Ellison Syndrome?
Bcaz it blocks prostaglandins
69
WHich drugs is not used for gout?
Aspirin and Tolectin
70
Febuxostat MOA?
Decreases Xanthine oxidase which decreases uric acid production
71
Name the topical antihistamine used for ocular pruritus?
Azelatine | Olopatadine
72
Name a COX 2 selective agent?
Celecoxib
73
Name the NSAID that is a potent analgesic used for short term trt of moderately severe acute pain such as post op pain used in place of morphine?
Ketorolac
74
What is the first line agent for chronic tension headaches?
Nortriptyline
75
What is effective before the start of a headache?
Aspirin Acetaminophen Caffeine
76
When can you absolutely not use the triptan class?
Vascular disease
77
T/F? | Acetaminophen can be used for the trt of reversible angioedema?
NOPE | U cannot use acetaminophen for edema!
78
Which patients can't you use bupropion in?
Patients with high seizures
79
Name the three MAOIs? | What happens if you mix with a sympahtomimetic?
Phenylzine Tranycypromine Moclomide HTN crisis
80
Moclomide
``` Specific (MAO-A) and reversible. A newer class described as RIMAs (Reversible inhibitors of MAO-A). ```
81
Bipolar disorder ptx takes thiazide duretics and expriences muscle twitching, dizziness, and blured vision. What is the cause?
Decreased levels of sodium due to lithium accumulation
82
T/F? | It is OK to combine SSRI with MAOI?
FALSE | u will surely die

Pharm II (7 decks)

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