Phonetics Vocabulary Flashcards
(24 cards)
Automatism
The performance of actions without conscious thought or intention.
Forming words without actually thinking about it
Phonetics
The study and classification of speech sounds
Articulatory phonetics
Articulatory phonetics is a subficld of phonetics that studies the process of articulation..
Acoustic phonetics
The study of sound and how we hear it. Acoustic phonetics deals with the capturing and description of the speech signal as it is producedand perceived. It concentrates on the physical properties of the speech sounds themselves.
International phonetic alphabet (IPA)
A system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. Each of phonetic symbol is associated with a particular sound.
Pulmonic egessive airstream mechanism
Sounds produced by breathing out
Vocal tract
This describes the entire passage above the larynx. This is where speech sounds are shaped. The vocal tract is divided into two main cavities.that provide resonating space,
Articulators
All parts of the vocal apparatus which are involved in speech production. Active articulatorsare parts that move (tongue, lips, and lower jaw). Passive articulatorscannot change their position. (, upper teeth, the hard palette )
Place of articulation
the point of closest constriction in the vocal tract as a criterion for the description and classification of consonants. The technical term for this is place of articulation
Bilabial
Sounds which are characterized by a constriction at the lips. involves both lips.
Alveolar
The place of articulation is the alveolar ridge [d]
Labio-dentals
Labio -dentals involve only the lower lip an additionally the upper teeth. An example is[f]
Dental, dental place of articulation
Lips don’t play a role in production. These sounds are produced with the tongue immediately behind the upper front
teeth or even protruding between upper and lower front teeth, as in [θ]. Sometimes referred to as inter-dental.
Palate-alveolar
Palato-alveolar sounds, such as [ ʃ ], the constriction is between the hard palate
and the alveolar ridge, slightly further back than for alveolar sounds.
Palatial
The tongue is raised towards the hard palette, such as [j]
Velar sound
An obstruction of the velum. The [k] sound.
Glottal place of articulation
When the airstream is obstructed at the glottis. [h]
Plosives
Plosives describes a complete strip of the airflow followed by release. The basic plosives in English are t, k, and p (voiceless) and d, g, and b (voiced).
Fricatives
When the air passes through this slight opening, the result is audible friction, a characteristic noise after which this class of consonants is named fricatives. Among the English sounds, [f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h] are classified as fricatives.
Nasals
The velum is lowered, leaving an open passage from the oral to the nasal cavity, so that the air can escape through the nose. Only the three nasal consonants mentioned above: [m], [n] and [ŋ], which differ only in their place of articulation. O
Vocal cords or vocal folds
Two small muscular folds which are located at the lower end of the larynx. The opening between the vocal cords is called the glottis.
Voiceless sounds
When the vocal cords are apart the air can pass freely. No vibration of the vocal cords, like breathing out. [p, t, k, tʃ, f, θ, s, ʃ, h]
Rounded vs. unrounded
Rounded vowels are produced by rounding the lips.
Dipthongs
A sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves toward another (as in coin, loud, and side ).
