Phonology Flashcards
(72 cards)
What is phonology?
Subdiscipline of linguistics that is concerned with the patterning of speech sounds
(Partial) Prosodic Hierarchy
Words - Syllables - Segments - Features
Contrastive Distribution
Allophones of separate phonemes - Occur in SAME phonetic environment
Contrastive Segments
Segments that can used to signal a change in meaning
Phonemes
Stored mental representations of contrastive segments
Minimal Pair Test
If a new word is created by swapping one segment for another = contrastive distribution
Near-Minimal Pairs
Have more differences between the words than minimal pairs
Phonemic Inventory
Collection of contrastive segments in a language
Phonetic Inventory
Collection of segments that are actually produced when speaking
Articulatory Processes
Produce variation between what is stored in our heads and what we actually say
Assimilation
When two segments are adjacent to each other, one causes the other to change
Progressive Assimilation
A sounds influences the following sound
Regressive Assimilation
A sounds influences the preceding sound
Voicing Assimilation
The voiced or voiceless property of one segment is imposed on another
Voicing
Articulatory Process
A voiceless segments becomes voiced
Devoicing
A voiced segment becomes voiceless
Place Assimilation
The place of articulation of one segment is imposed on another
Flapping
Both voicing and manner assimilation
Manner Assimilation
A stop (non-continuant) becomes a liquid (continuant)
Dissimilation
When segments are similar, one may change to become more distinct
Deletion
Removes a segment
Metathesis
Reorders segments
Vowel Reduction
Vowels in unstressed positions reduce to a central position in the mouth
[ə]
Epenthesis
Inserts a segment
A voiceless stop is often inserted between a nasal and a voiceless consonant
