Flashcards in Photocarcinogenesis Deck (52)
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1
Bullous impetigo
(blistering at site of infection)
Caused by staphylococcus toxin A
2
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Caused by staphylococcus toxin B
Most common in children
Low mortality rates
3
Organism usually causing cellulitis
Beta haemolytic strep
4
Another name for basal cell papilloma
Seborrhoeic wart
5
Appear as firm, elevated pigmented nodules which may feel like a button in the skin
They are often found on the legs and commoner in females
There may be a history of trauma or insect bite
Dermatofibroma
6
Keratoacanthoma
Rapidly growing epidermal tumours which develop central necrosis and ulceration
They occur on sun exposed sites and can grow to 2-3cm across
Whilst they may resolve spontaneously, best to surgicaly remove as they can mimic squamous cell carcinoma
7
Where does Bowen's disease most commonly develop?
Lower womens legs
8
Where would you usually develop a pilar cyst?
The scalp
9
Key characteristics or "hallmarks" of cancer
1. Insensitivity to growth signals
2. Insensitivity to anti-growth signals
3. Evade death (apoptosis)
4. Limitless potential to divide
5. Angiogenesis
6. Invasion and metastasis
10
Basal cell carcinoma and exposure
Intermittent exposure
11
Squamous cell carcinoma and exposure
Chronic exposure
12
Melanoma and exposure
Intermittent exposure
13
Lattitude and skin cancer
Incidence increases closer to equator
14
Skin colour and eye colour and cancer
Red/fair haired individuals with blue eyes and freckling
15
Where would patients with Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) develop skin cancer?
Skin exposed areas
16
UVC wavelength
200-280 nm
17
UVB wavelength
280-315 nm
18
UVA wavelength
315-400 nm
19
Visible light spectrum
400-700 nm
20
UV signature mutation
Cytosine to thymine (at dipyrimidine sites)
21
NER
Nucleotide excision repair
22
BER
Base excision repair
23
DSB
Double strand break repair
24
MMR
Mismatch repair
25
Which UV is mainly responsible for initiating mutations?
UVB
26
Which UVs are responsible for promoting mutations etc
UVB/UVA
27
Estiamted action spectrum for cancer in humans?
298nm
28
Age onset of MM?
<20 years
29
Merkel cell skin cancer exposure
?cumulative
30
