Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SYSTEMATICS > PHYLUM PORIFERA > Flashcards

PHYLUM PORIFERA Flashcards

(112 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what first separated from Eumetazoa

A

Porifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Porifera first separated from

A

Eumetazoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hat two orgnanisms branch out before Bilateria among the eumaetazoans

A

Cnidaria and Ctenophora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Among the eumetazoans, Cnidaria and Ctenophora branch out before

A

Bilateria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

are divided into two groups: protostomes and deuterostomes

A

Bilateria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

two groups of bilateria

A

protostomes and deuterostomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

they differs radically from traditional phylogeny in
construction of the protostome lineage

A

Modern phylogeny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 variation characteristics of major groups of animals

A
  • embryonic tissues
  • body symmetry
  • body cavity
  • early development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

major groups of animals could be characterized by variation in
embryonic tissues, body symmetry, type of body cavity, and early development, they used the data to infer the

A

evolutionary relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do you mean by higher animals

A

higher metazoan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do you mean by lower animals

A

lower metazoan/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how to understand evolution of higher animal genomes and developmental processes

A

outgroup comparison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a group of LOWER ANIMALS (lower Metazoa) that
includes corals and sea anemones, are the natural outgroup for
comparative genomic and developmental studies

A

Cnidaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a group of LOWER ANIMALS (lower Metazoa)

A

cnidaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cnidaria includes 2 organisms

A

corals and sea anemones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

these two are the natural outgroup for comparative genomic and developmental studies

A

corals and sea anemones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

they lack tissues, organs and a definite symmetry

A

Phylum Porifera (SPONGES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

phylum of sponges

A

porifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

they have complex multicellularity

A

Porifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

include marine and freshwater species

A

Porifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

are free-swimming, but adults are anchored onto submerged objects

A

Larval sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  • Larval sponges are free-swimming, but as adults they are
A

anchored onto
submerged objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

are the only group of animals that lack tissues

A

Sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

have several cell types, these cells are not organized
into the tightly integrated

A

sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
their cells are not organized into the tightly integrated
sponges
26
latin word pore
porus
27
latin word of to bear
ferre
28
what language are "porus" "ferre" from
Latin
29
it is when body is composed of several cells
Multicellular
30
they are multicellular but not have reached a tissue grade of construction
porifera or sponges
31
Most primitive of the multicellular animals
sponges or porifera
32
Mostly marine (all aquatic)
porifera
33
they are commonly sessile
sponges/porifera
34
their skeletal structure of fibrillar collagen (a protein) and calcareous or siliceous crystalline spicules, often combined with variously modified collagen (spongin)
porifera
35
2 types of skeletal structure of porifera
f fibrillar collagen and calcareous or siliceous crystalline spicules
36
they have no organs or true tissues; digestion intracellular; excretion and respiration by diffusion
Porifera
37
how doe proifera excrete and respire?
diffusion
38
what type of digestion do porifera have
intracellular
39
what stage of porifera are they sessile and attached to substratum
adults
40
type of reproduction of porifera
asexual and sexual reprodution
41
how do porifera sexually reproduce
eggs and sperm; free swimming cillated larvae
42
is fairly rigid, perforated bag, whose inner surface is lined with flagellated cells
sponge
43
sponges have perforated bags whose inner surface is lined with ----
flagellated cells
44
The empty space of the perforated bag in sponges is called
spongocoel
45
the flagellated cells lining the spongocoel are called
choanocytes or collar cells
46
where choanocytes or collar cells lined within
spongocoel
47
Generate currents that help maintain circulation of seawater within and through the sponge
choanocyte or collar cells
48
They capture small food particles in porifera
choanocytes or collar cells
48
49
They capture incoming sperm for fertilization in porifera
choanocytes or collar cells
50
most sponges have one of three types of canal systems which are:
asconoid syconoid leuconoid
51
simple type of canal system in profera
asconoid
52
complex type of canal system in profera
leuconoid
53
has involved mainly the water-canal and skeletal systems
canal systems
54
are accompanied by outfolding and branching of the collar-cell layer
canal systems
55
is considered the major plan for sponges
leuconoid
56
it permits greater size and more efficient water circulation
leuconoid
57
where does water flow into in sponges
spongocoel
58
where does water flow through in sponges
(ostia)
59
water in sponges exit in spongocoel through larger openings
oscula
60
Water flows into the spongocoel through narrow openings
(ostia)
61
Water flows into the spongocoel through narrow openings (ostia) and exits the
spongocoel
62
larger opening in spongocoel
(oscula)
63
3 Types of Skeletons
Demospongiae Calcareous sponges Glass sponges
64
gives support to a sponge, preventing collapse of canals and chambers.
skeleton
65
major structural protein in the animal kingdom is
collagen, and fibrils of collagen
66
are found throughout the intercellular matrix of all sponges
collagen and fibrils of collagen
67
secrete a form of collagen traditionally known as spongin
Demospongiae
68
Demospongiae secrete a form of collagen traditionally known as
spongin
69
Demospongiae also secrete
siliceous spicules
70
also secrete siliceous spicules.
Demospongiae
71
secrete spicules composed mostly of crystalline calcium carbonate and have one, three, or four rays
Calcareous sponges
72
have siliceous spicules with six rays arranged in three planes at right angles to each other.
Glass sponges
73
is when the Collagen is stiffened by adding microscopic mineral accretions or additional protein fibers (spongin) or both.
Spicules
74
skeleton structures, made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or silicon dioxide (SiO2).
Spicules
75
Can be fibrous and/or rigid
Skeletal Framework
76
Rigid skeleton consists of calcareous or siliceous support structures called
spicules
77
provide taxonomic characters and are classified according to the axas and rays called as axon, actine and actinal respectively.
Spicules
78
Spicules provide taxonomic characters and are classified according to the axas and rays called as
axon, actine and actinal
79
2 types of spicules
Megascleres Microscleres
80
Support skeleton
Megascleres
81
Smaller and none supporting.
Microscleres
82
4 types of spicules
Monaxon Tetraxon Triaxon Polyaxon
83
consist of single axix, straight or curved
monaxon
84
Consist of four rays
Tetraxon
85
consists of three axes
Triaxon
86
Having several equal rays
Polyaxon
87
generally support and protect the body and helps in identification classification and metabolism.
Spicules
88
Calcareous sponges
Calcarea (Calcispongiae)
89
its Spicules are composed of calcium carbonate
Calcarea (Calcispongiae)
90
Spicules are straight (monaxons) or have 3 or 4 rays
Calcarea (Calcispongiae)
91
These sponges tends to be small: 10 cm or less in height
Calcarea (Calcispongiae)
92
Tubular or vase shaped
Calcarea (Calcispongiae)
93
Mostly small in size (<15 cm.), and form irregular masses
Calcarea
94
they Never contain spongin, restricted to shallow water, and strictly marine
Calcarea
95
make up class Hexactinellida
Glass sponges
96
Glass sponges make up class
Hexactinellida
97
They range from 7.5 cm to more than 1.3 m in length
Hexactinellida (Hyalospongiae)
98
class of (Hyalospongiae)
Class Hexactinellida
99
class of (Calcispongiae)
Class Calcarea
100
sizes of Calcispongiae
10 cm or less in height
101
sizes of (Hyalospongiae)
7.5 cm to more than 1.3 m
102
its Skeleton of six-rayed siliceous spicules that are commonly bound together into a network forming a class like structure
Hexactinellida (Hyalospongiae)
103
Contains 95% of living sponge species
Class Demospongiae
104
Spicules are siliceous but are not six rayed
Class Demospongiae
105
Spicules maybe bound together by spongin or may be absent
Class Demospongiae
106
how many rays in class calcarea or calcispongiae
3 or 4 rays
107
how many rays does Class Hexactinellida (Hyalospongiae)
six-rays
108
in Class Demospongiae Spicules are siliceous but are -----
not six rayed
109
they are oldest animal group
sponges
110
they have had the longest opportunity to diversify and evolve
sponges
111
they are rather complex to sort out
sponges

SYSTEMATICS (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions