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Suleman's Year 7 EOY group > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

What is static electricity?

A

A build-up of electric charge on the surface of an object.

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2
Q

How is static electricity created?

A

By rubbing two insulating materials together.

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3
Q

What type of charge do electrons have?

A

Negative.

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4
Q

What happens when two objects with the same charge meet?

A

They repel each other.

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5
Q

What happens when a charged object is brought near an uncharged object?

A

It can attract the uncharged object.

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6
Q

What is a conductor?

A

A material that allows electric current to flow through it easily.

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7
Q

Name a good electrical conductor.

A

Copper.

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8
Q

What is an insulator?

A

A material that does not allow electricity to pass through easily.

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9
Q

Name a good electrical insulator.

A

Plastic.

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10
Q

Why are wires covered in plastic?

A

To insulate them and prevent electric shocks.

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11
Q

In a series circuit, how does current flow?

A

The same current flows through all components.

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12
Q

What happens if one component breaks in a series circuit?

A

The whole circuit stops working.

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13
Q

In a parallel circuit, how does current flow?

A

It splits across branches and recombines.

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14
Q

What happens if one component breaks in a parallel circuit?

A

Other parts of the circuit still work.

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15
Q

Which type of circuit is used in homes?

A

Parallel circuits.

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16
Q

What is a force?

A

A push or a pull on an object.

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17
Q

Name a contact force.

A

Friction.

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18
Q

Name a non-contact force.

A

Gravity.

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19
Q

What does friction do?

A

It slows down or stops motion.

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20
Q

What does air resistance affect?

A

Moving objects through air.

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21
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter in an object.

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22
Q

What is weight?

A

The force of gravity acting on an object’s mass.

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23
Q

What unit is mass measured in?

A

Kilograms (kg).

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24
Q

What unit is weight measured in?

A

Newtons (N).

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25
Why does weight change but mass doesn't?
Because weight depends on gravity, which varies.
26
What does a force diagram show?
All the forces acting on an object.
27
How are forces represented in diagrams?
With arrows.
28
What does the length of a force arrow show?
The size (magnitude) of the force.
29
What does the direction of a force arrow show?
The direction in which the force is acting.
30
What does it mean if arrows are equal and opposite?
The forces are balanced.
31
What is the equation for speed?
Speed = Distance ÷ Time.
32
What is the equation for distance?
Distance = Speed × Time.
33
What is the equation for time?
Time = Distance ÷ Speed.
34
What is the unit for speed?
Metres per second (m/s).
35
If a car travels 100m in 20s, what is its speed?
5 m/s.
36
What does a straight, sloping line on a distance-time graph mean?
Constant speed.
37
What does a flat line on a distance-time graph mean?
The object is stationary.
38
What does a steep line on a distance-time graph mean?
Faster speed.
39
What does a downward sloping line on a distance-time graph mean?
Returning to the start.
40
How do you find speed on a distance-time graph?
Divide distance by time (gradient).
41
What are balanced forces?
Forces that are equal in size and opposite in direction.
42
What happens to an object if forces are balanced?
It stays still or moves at constant speed.
43
What are unbalanced forces?
Forces that are not equal.
44
What do unbalanced forces cause?
A change in speed or direction.
45
How can you tell if forces are unbalanced on a diagram?
Arrows are unequal.
46
What is the Sun?
A star at the centre of our solar system.
47
How many planets orbit the Sun?
Eight.
48
Name the four rocky (inner) planets.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.
49
Name the four gas giants.
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
50
What keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
Gravity.
51
What causes phases of the Moon?
The Moon’s position relative to the Earth and Sun.
52
What is a new moon?
When the Moon is between Earth and Sun and appears dark.
53
What is a full moon?
When Earth is between the Moon and the Sun.
54
What is a solar eclipse?
When the Moon blocks the Sun.
55
What is a lunar eclipse?
When the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.
56
What causes day and night?
Earth's rotation on its axis.
57
How long does one full rotation take?
24 hours.
58
What causes seasons?
The tilt of Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun.
59
When is it summer in the UK?
When the North Pole is tilted towards the Sun.
60
When is it winter in the UK?
When the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun.
61
What is gravity?
A force that attracts objects towards each other.
62
Who discovered gravity?
Isaac Newton.
63
What happens to gravitational force with distance?
It gets weaker.
64
What object has the strongest gravity in our solar system?
The Sun.
65
Why do astronauts float in space?
Because they are in free fall around the Earth.
66
What is terminal velocity?
The fastest speed a falling object can reach.
67
What is air resistance?
A force that opposes motion through air.
68
What affects air resistance?
Shape, size, and speed of an object.
69
Why do parachutes slow people down?
They increase air resistance.
70
How does mass affect falling speed in a vacuum?
All objects fall at the same rate.
71
What happens when forces are balanced on a moving object?
It keeps moving at the same speed.
72
What happens when forces are unbalanced on a still object?
It starts to move.
73
What is a resultant force?
A single force that has the same effect as all forces combined.
74
How do you calculate resultant force?
Add forces in the same direction, subtract if opposite.
75
What does a bigger resultant force cause?
More acceleration.
76
What is acceleration?
A change in speed or direction.
77
What is deceleration?
A decrease in speed.
78
What is friction caused by?
Surfaces rubbing together.
79
How can friction be reduced?
Use lubricants or smoother surfaces.
80
Why is friction useful?
It helps us to walk and stop vehicles.

Suleman's Year 7 EOY group (10 decks)

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