Physiological Psychology: Chapter 5 Flashcards
Apoptosis
developmental program by which a neuron kills itself at a certain age unless inhibited from doing so
Cerebrovascular Accident
stroke; temporary loss of normal blood flow to a brain area
Closed Head Injury
sharp blow to the head resulting from a fall, an automobile or motorcycle accident, an assault, or other sudden trauma that does not actually puncture the brain
Collateral Spout
newly formed branch from an uninjured axon that attaches to a synapse vacated when another axon was destroyed
Deafferent
to remove or disable the sensory nerves from a body part
Denervation Supersensitivity
increased sensitivity by a postsynaptic cell after removal of an axon that formerly innervated it
Diaschisis
decreased activity of surviving neurons after other neurons are damaged
Differentiation
formation of the axon and dendrites that gives a neuron its distinctive shape
Disuse Supersensitivity
increased sensitivity by a postsynaptic cell because of decreased input by incoming axons
Edema
accumulation of fluid
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
condition resulting from prenatal exposure to alcohol and marked by decreased alertness, hyperactivity, varying degrees of mental retardation, motor problems, heart defects, and facial abnormalities
Focal Hand Dystonia
musician’s cramp, a condition in which the touch responses to one finger overlap those of another, leading to clumsiness, fatigue, and involuntary movements
Hemorrhage
rupture of an artery
Ischemia
local insufficiency of blood because a blood clot or other obstruction has closed an artery
Migration
movement of neurons toward their eventual destinations in the brain
