Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

First Aid Gastrointestinal > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Location of I cells

A

duodenum, jejunum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

I cells secrete

A

CCK in response to FA and AA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Action of CCK

A

increase pancreatic secretion, GB contraction
relaxes sphincter of Oddi
decreases gastric emptying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Location of G cells

A

antrum of stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

G cells secrete

A

gastrin in response to stomach distention/alkalinization, AA, peptides, vagal stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Action of Gastrin

A

Increase H+, increase gastric mucosa and gastric motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

A

increases gastrin immensely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 Amino acids the stimulate gastrin the most

A

Phenylalanine and Tryptophan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Location of K cells

A

Duodenum and Jejunum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

K cells secrete

A

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Exocrine action of Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide

A

decrease H+ in stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Endocrine action of Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide

A

Increase insulin release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Increase release from FA, AA, and ORAL glucose

A

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Produces migrating motor complexes

A

Motilin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Motilin receptor agonist

A

Erythomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where motilin is secreted from

A

Small Intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Location of S cells

A

Duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Secreted from S cells

A

Secretin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Action of Secretin

A

increase HCO3 from pancreas, decrease gastric acid secretion, increases bile secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cause of Sercetin release

A

Increased acid and FA in lumen of duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Location of D cell

A

Pancreatic Islets and GI mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Secreted from D cells

A

Somatostatin, released in response to increased acid or decreased by vagal stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Inhibits digestion and absorptionof substances needed for growth

A

Somatostatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Action of Somatostatin

Study These Flashcards
A

decrease H+ and pepsinogen secretion, decrease pancreatic and sm intestine fluid, decrease GB contraction, decreases insulin and glucagon release

25
Copious Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia and Achlorhydria
VIPoma
26
Increases intestinal water and electrolyte secretion, increases relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters
VIP
27
Loss of this secretion will lead to achalasia (increase LES tone)
Nitric Oxide
28
Parietal cells
Intrinsic factor req vitB12 binding and uptake into ileum | decrease pH
29
Pernicious anemia
autoimmune destruction of parietal cells (B12 deficiency)
30
Gastrinoma
gastrin-secreting tumor that causes high levels of acid secretion and ulcers refractory to medical therapy
31
Chief Cells of Stomach
release pepsinogen made into pepsin
32
Pepsin action
protein digestion
33
Activation of pepsinogen
Pensin and acid (H+)
34
Released from ECL
Histamine Release
35
Activates Parietal Cells
histamine, gastrin, ACh
36
Brunner Glands
Located at duodenal submucosa, secretes alkaline mucus, hypertrophy in peptic ulcer disease
37
Pancreatic secretion - Low Flow
high chloride
38
Pancreatic secretion - High Flow
high HCO3-
39
alpha-amylase
starch digestion
40
lipase, phospholipase A and colipase
fat digestion
41
trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, carboxypeptidases
Proteases from Pancreas (secreted as zymogens)
42
Trypsinogen
converted to trypsin by enterokinase/enteropeptidase (positive feedback loop)
43
Carbohydrate Absorption
only monosaccharides are absorbed by enterocytes
44
SGLT1
Sodium dependent glucose and galactose uptake
45
G:UT5
Fructose transportor (facilitated diffusion)
46
GLUT2
all monosaccharides transporter to blood
47
D-xylose absorption test
Distinguishes mucosal damage vs other causes of malabsorption of carbohydrates
48
Area for Iron Absorption
Duodenum
49
Area for Folate absorption
Jejunum and ileum
50
Absorbed in terminal Ileum
B12 along with bile acids
51
Specialized M cells
In Peyers Patches (ileum) and sample and present Ag to immune cells
52
Peyers Patches
IgA secretory
53
Water soluble Bile salts
Those conjugated with glycine or taurine
54
Rate limiting step in bile synthesis
Cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase
55
Product of heme metabolism
Bilirubin
56
Removal of bilirubin
conjugated with glucuronate and excreted in bile
57
Direct bilirubin
conjugated with glucuronic acid; water soluble
58
Indirect Bilirubin
Unconjugated; water insoluble

First Aid Gastrointestinal (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions