Physiology Of Hypothalmus

Question 1

Physiology of Hypothalamus

• ____ in size
• bound the___ half of___ ventricle
• inferior pole connects to____ gland
• lateral part is connected to_____ and ___
• it’s an integration center for____,___,and___functions
• receives afferents input from the body through the spinal cord, medulla, and reticular formation of the brain stem

Answer 1

5gm

anterior; 4th

pituitary

midbrain and limbic system

somatic, autonomic, and endocrine functions

Question 2

Functions of Hypothalamus
AS-RESPECT

List them

Answer 2

autonomic functions

• sleep wake cycle
• reward and punishment center
• endocrinal functions
• Sex
• Food intake regulation
• emotional and instinctual regulation
• circadian rhythm control
• temperature regulation

Question 3

Function of Lateral hypothalamus nuclei

Answer 3

Thirst and hunger

Question 4

Function of Ventromedial nuclei

Answer 4

Satiety

Question 5

Function of Paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus

Answer 5

Produced oxytocin

Question 6

Stimulation of this Dorsomedial nucleus causes ____\

Answer 6

Stimulation causes obesity

Question 7

Function of Supraoptic nuclei

Answer 7

Produce Vasopressin

Question 8

Function of Anterior nucleus of Hypothalamus

And posterior nucleus of hypothalamus

Answer 8

Regulates body temp by dissipating heat ;stimulates para system

Body temp reg by conserving heat;stimulates sympa system

Question 9

Maxillary body nucleus controls ____ reflex

Answer 9

Feeding

Question 10

Function of Suprachiasmatic nucleus of Hypothalamus

Answer 10

Circadian rhythm

Question 11

_____ nucleus Produces hypothalamic releasing factors

Answer 11

Arcuate/infundibular

Question 12

____ nucleus Regulates release of gonadotropin hormones

Answer 12

Prebiotic

Question 13

Effect of Perifornical nucleus on feeding, mood and blood pressure?

Answer 13

Hunger, rage, increased bp

Question 14

Function of MPON

Answer 14

Bladder contraction,Decrease bp and heart rate

Question 15

ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS

4 releasing hormones
1NT
1 peptide thing
1 blood pressure stuff
1 sex stuff

Answer 15

thyrotropin releasing hormone

• dopamine
• growth hormone releasing hormone
• somatostatin
• gonadotropin releasing hormone
• corticotropin releasing hormone
• oxytocin
• vasopressin

Question 16

Sleep zones of the limbic system

• 2 sleep zones
  (1) ____-_____sleep zone
  (2) _____ to ____ sleep zone

Answer 16

Posterior hypothalamus - diencephalic

pre-optic areas → forebrain

Question 17

Both sleep zones are not connected With one another

T/F

Answer 17

F

Question 18

Circadian rhythm
-Programmed Alteration of physiological variables with____ cycle

Mostly Under the control of____ nuclei

Answer 18

day- night

suprachiasmatic

Question 19

Biological clock in______ generates____

Answer 19

hypothalamus

circadian rhythm

Question 20

______act as the chemical signal involved in timing bilogical function

Answer 20

Melatonin (night)

Question 21

Hypothalamus sends _____+____signals(including ___) to the body to ensure this circadian rhythm

Answer 21

endocrine+neural

melanin

Question 22

CVS regulation by hypothalamus

• ____ and ____hypothalamic nuclei increases arterial pressure and heart rate
• preoptic area____ arterial pressure and heart rate
• these effects are transmitted mainly through specific cardiovascular control centers in the___ regions of the___ and___

Answer 22

posterior and lateral

decreases

reticular

pons and medulla

Question 23

Temperature regulation

• hypothalamus has a temperature regulator
• body temp less than 37degrees celsius(cold) tell the___ hypothalamic nuclei to conserve heat
• body temp higher than 37degrees celsius(warmth) tell the____ hypothalamic nuclei to release heat

Answer 23

posterior

anterior

Question 24

Autonomic functions of Hypothalamus

• Stimulation of hypothalamus leads to ANS response (symp or parasymp)
• ______hypothalamus(besides posterior ) causes sympathetic discharge+ secretion of adrenal medullary hormones( adrenaline and noradrenaline) I.e flight or fight response

Answer 24

Lateral

Question 25

Hypothalamus receives sensory signal from visceral to influence ANS T/F

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Sexual behaviour | - Testosterone implant in hypothalamus of castrated animal →_____

Answer 26

restore libido (sexual desire)

Question 27

lesion of anterior hypothalamus →Increased libido in male and female rats T/F

Answer 27

F Loss of libido

Question 28

Thirst -increased _____leads to stimulation of thirst centre in____ and with thirst stimulated, there is desire to drink Or -hypovolemia stimulates____ that stimulates____ that stimulates diencephalon which causes stimulation of thirst center and cause the desire to drink

Answer 28

Plasma osmolality lateral hypothalamus RAAS; angiotensin ii

Question 29

Saltiety centre inhibits____ center

Answer 29

Feeding

Question 30

hypothalamus is Tonically inactive T/F

Answer 30

F Active

Question 31

lesion on feeding center can lead to____,____etc

Answer 31

anorexia loss of appetite

Question 32

lesion on satiety center leads to____=——

Answer 32

excessive eating = obesity

Question 33

feeding center destruction and satiety center destruction =____

Answer 33

anorexia