Planes + ROM

Question 1

Anterior

Answer 1

Front side of the body

Question 2

Posterior

Answer 2

Back side of the body

Question 3

Superior

Answer 3

Upper portion of the body

Question 4

Inferior

Answer 4

Lower portion of the body

Question 5

Proximal

Answer 5

Toward the trunk

Question 6

Distal

Answer 6

Away from the trunk

Question 7

Medial

Answer 7

Towards the midline

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Away from the midline

Question 9

Palmar

Answer 9

Palm side of the hands

Question 10

Dorsal

Answer 10

Top surface of foot or hand

Question 11

Plantar

Answer 11

Bottom surface of the foot

Question 12

Supine

Answer 12

Face up

Question 13

Prone

Answer 13

Face down

Question 14

Sagittal Plane

Answer 14

Divides into left/right

Question 15

Transverse Plane

Answer 15

Divides into superior/inferior

Question 16

Frontal/Coronal Plane

Answer 16

Divides into anterior/posterior

Question 17

Abduction

Answer 17

Movement away from midline or centering

Question 18

Adduction

Answer 18

Movement towards the midline

Question 19

Flexion

Answer 19

Decreasing the angle between two body parts.
Bending motion.

Question 20

Extension

Answer 20

Increasing the angle between two body parts.
Straightening motion.

Question 21

Circumduction

Answer 21

Circular or conical movement (Ball & socket joints)
Combination of flexion, extension, adduction and abduction.

Question 22

Internal Rotation

Answer 22

Towards the midline
AKA medial rotation

Question 23

External Rotation

Answer 23

Away from the midline
AKA lateral rotation

Question 24

Inversion

Answer 24

Turning the foot medially, the sole of the foot moves inwards

Question 25

Eversion

Answer 25

Turning the foot laterally, sole of the foot moves outwards

Question 26

Elevation

Answer 26

Movement in superior direction

Question 27

Depression

Answer 27

Movement in inferior direction

Question 28

Dorsiflexion

Answer 28

Toes pointing superiorly

Question 29

Plantarflexion

Answer 29

Toes pointing inferiorly

Question 30

Supination (Ankle)

Answer 30

Plantarflexion, inversion and adduction

Question 31

Pronation (Ankle)

Answer 31

Dorsiflexion, eversion & abduction

Question 32

Supination (Radioulnar Joint)

Answer 32

Towards palm facing up

Question 33

Pronation (Radioulnar Joint)

Answer 33

Towards palm facing down

Question 34

Movement of Spine

Answer 34

Lateral bending, Reduction, Slight flexion/extension

Question 35

Hyperflexion

Answer 35

Movement beyond normal position Can cause significant stress on the joints involved

Question 36

Hyperextension

Answer 36

Movement beyond normal position Can cause significant stress on the joints involved

Question 37

Radial Deviation

Answer 37

Midline of hand rotate toward radial/medial side

Question 38

Ulnar Deviation

Answer 38

Midline of hand rotate toward ulnar/lateral side

Question 39

Opposition of thumb

Answer 39

Question 40

Palmar flexion

Answer 40

Question 41

Wrist dorsiflexion (extension)

Answer 41

Question 42

Protraction (Shoulder)

Answer 42

Question 43

Retraction (Shoulder)

Answer 43

Question 44

Horizontal Abduction (Shoulder)

Answer 44

Question 45

Horizontal Adduction (Shoulder)

Answer 45

Question 46

Downward Rotation (Shoulder)

Answer 46

Question 47

Upward Rotation (Shoulder)

Answer 47

Question 48

Normal Shoulder ROM (IR, ER, AB, AD, EX, FL)

Answer 48

Internal Rotation: 80 External Rotation: 60 Abduction: 180 Adduction: 75 Flexion: 60 Extension: 180

Question 49

Normal Shoulder ROM @ 90 deg extension (IR, ER)

Answer 49

Internal Rotation: 20 External Rotation: 90

Question 50

Normal Shoulder ROM @ 90 deg abduction (IR, ER)

Answer 50

Internal Rotation: 70 External Rotation: 90

Question 51

Trunk (FL, EX)

Answer 51

Extension: 15 Flexion: 95

Question 52

Elbow ROM (FL, EX)

Answer 52

Extension: 0 Flexion: 150

Question 53

Hip (IR, ER, AB, AD, FL)

Answer 53

Internal Rotation: 45 External Rotation: 45 Abduction: 45 Adduction: 30 Flexion: 120

Question 54

Knee ROM (prone: EX, FL)

Answer 54

Extension: 0 Flexion: 135

Question 55

Ankle ROM (prone: Dorsiflexion, Plantarflexion)

Answer 55

Dorsiflexion: 20 Plantarflexion: 50

Question 56

Wrist ROM (FL, EX, Rad Dev, Uln Dev)

Answer 56

Flexion: 80 Extension: 70 Radial Deviation: 20 Ulnar Deviation: 30

Question 57

Forearm ROM (Pro, Sup)

Answer 57

Pronation: 80 deg Supination: 80 deg

Question 58

Foot (Inv, Ev)

Answer 58

Inversion: 70 deg Eversion: 50 deg