Plant Metabolism

Question 1

Converts light energy to a usable form like food

Answer 1

Photosynthesis

Question 2

Releases stored energy

Answer 2

Respiration

Question 3

Sum of all interrelated biochemical processes in living organisms

Answer 3

Metabolism

Question 4

Forming chemical bonds to build molecules

Answer 4

Anabolism

Question 5

Store energy by constructing carbohydrates by combining carbon dioxide and water

Answer 5

Photosynthesis reactions

Question 6

Breaking chemical bonds

Answer 6

Catabolism

Question 7

Release energy held in chemical bonds by breaking down carbohydrates, producing carbon dioxide and water

Answer 7

Cellular respiration reactions

Question 8

involves transfer of energy via oxidation-reduction reactions

Answer 8

Photosynthesis-respiration cycle

Question 9

Loss of electron(s)

Answer 9

Oxidation

Question 10

Gain of electron(s)

Answer 10

Reduction

Question 11

It is lost during oxidation and gained during reduction

Answer 11

Hydrogen atom

Question 12

It is usually final acceptor of electron

Answer 12

Oxygen

Question 13

What reaches chloroplasts in mesophyll cells by diffusing through stomata into leaf interior?

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide

Question 14

The source of electrons in photosynthesis and oxygen is released as byproduct

Answer 14

Water

Question 15

What will happen if water is in short supply or light intensities too high to reduce supply of CO2 available for photosynthesis

Answer 15

Stomata closes

Question 16

About how many percentage of radiant energy received on earth is in form of visible light

Answer 16

40%

Question 17

The light/color wavelengths that are used more extensively

Answer 17

Violet to blue and red-orange to red

Question 18

This light is reflected

Answer 18

Green light

Question 19

How many daylight is needed for photosynthesis in normal plants?

Answer 19

Around 30%

Question 20

How many daylight is needed for photosynthesis in shade plants?

Answer 20

10%

Question 21

Ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen inside leaves may change if?

Answer 21

If light and temperature’s too high

Question 22

Photooxidation occurs, which results in destruction of chlorophyll if?

Answer 22

If light intensity too high

Question 23

It captures light in chlorophyll molecules

Answer 23

Magnesium end

Question 24

It anchors into thylakoid membrane

Answer 24

Lipid tail

Question 25

Most plants contain what type of chlorophyll?

Answer 25

Chlorophyll a (blue-green color) and chlorophyll b (yellow-green color)

Question 26

_____ transfers energy from light to _____

Answer 26

Chlorophyll b ; chlorophyll a

Question 27

Two phases of photosynthesis

Answer 27

- Light-dependent reactions - Light-independent reactions

Question 28

Phase of photosynthesis that occur in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts

Answer 28

Light-dependent reactions

Question 29

Phase of photosynthesis that occur in stroma of chloroplasts. Utilize ATP and NADPH to form sugars

Answer 29

Light-Independent Reactions

Question 30

The final product for light independent reaction

Answer 30

NADPH

Question 31

Carbon dioxide combines with RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate) and then combined molecules are converted to sugars (glucose)

Answer 31

Calvin cycle

Question 32

This is produced during light-dependent reactions

Answer 32

Energy furnished ATP and NADPH

Question 33

He noted that photosynthesis “restored” oxygen in 1772

Answer 33

Joseph Priestley

Question 34

He showed that air is only restored when the green parts of plants received sunlight in 1779

Answer 34

Jan Ingen-Housz

Question 35

He discovered that photosynthesis requires CO2 in 1782

Answer 35

Jean Senebier

Question 36

He showed that carbon is a plant nutrient in 1796

Answer 36

Jan Ingen-Housz

Question 37

He showed that water is required in 1804

Answer 37

Theodore de Saussure

Question 38

can be divided into different colors using a prism

Answer 38

Visible white light

Question 39

Each pigment has its own distinctive pattern of light absorption

Answer 39

pigment’s absorption spectrum

Question 40

Shorter wavelengths carry ?

Answer 40

Greater amounts of energy

Question 41

Chlorophylls absorb light in what wavelengths?

Answer 41

the violet to blue and red wavelengths

Question 42

He demonstrated how chlorophylls absorb light in 1882 using Spirogyra

Answer 42

T.W. Engelmann

Question 43

energy is immediately released as light

Answer 43

Fluorescence

Question 44

energy is emitted as light after a delay

Answer 44

Phosphorescence

Question 45

Two types of photosynthetic units:

Answer 45

photosystem I and photosystem II

Question 46

T or F: Only organisms with both photosystem I and photosystem II can produce NADPH and oxygen as a consequence of electron flow

Answer 46

True

Question 47

chlorophyll a, small amount of chlorophyll b, carotenoid pigment, and P700

Answer 47

Photosystem I

Question 48

reaction-center molecule in Photosystem I - Only one that actually can use light energy

Answer 48

P700

Question 49

Gather and pass light energy to reaction center. Remaining pigments

Answer 49

Antenna pigments

Question 50

Primary electron acceptors, first to receive electrons from P700

Answer 50

Iron-sulfur proteins

Question 51

chlorophyll a, B-carotene, small amounts of chlorophyll b, and reaction-center molecule: P680

Answer 51

Photosystem II

Question 52

reaction-center molecule in Photosystem II

Answer 52

P680

Question 53

Primary electron acceptor

Answer 53

Pheophytin (Pheo)

Question 54

Water-splitting, occurs in Photosystem II

Answer 54

Photolysis

Question 55

ATP is formed from ADP

Answer 55

Phosphorylation

Question 56

source of energy for synthesis of ATP

Answer 56

Movement of protons across membrane

Question 57

Competes with carbon-fixing role of photosynthesis

Answer 57

Photorespiration

Question 58

The products in Photorespiration and are processed in perioxisomes

Answer 58

2-carbon phosphoglycolic acid

Question 59

Produces 4-carbon compound instead of 3-carbon PGA during initial steps of light-independent reactions

Answer 59

4-Carbon pathway

Question 60

Similar to photosynthesis in that 4-carbon compounds produced during light-independent reactions

Answer 60

CAM photosynthesis

Question 61

release of energy from glucose molecules that are broken down to individual carbon dioxide molecules

Answer 61

Respiration

Question 62

carried on in absence of O2

Answer 62

Anaerobic respiration and fermentation