Plant structure Flashcards
(22 cards)
Unicellular organisms
Single cells perform every task, SA to VOL ratio and related rate of diffusion restricts the size, one cell dies and the whole organism dies.
Multicellular organisms
Specialized cells perform one task with maximum efficiency, internal transport systems allows efficient exchange of materials which grows larger, one cell dying wont impact the cell but it suffers.
Order of organism growth
Cells > tissues > organs > systems > organism
Tissue
Groups of specialized cells performing the same function together.
Organs
Specialized tissues contributing to the same function.
Systems
Specialized organs working together for a specialized function.
What two main systems?
Shoot and root
Shoot system
Everything that is above the ground
Root system
Everything that is below the ground
What is the chemical formula for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + nutrients (light energy) -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cuticle
Waxy coating that protects leaf from water loss
Epidermis
Transparent to allow light to pass through to the underlaying layer
Palisade Cells
Main cells for photosynthesis, has lots of chloroplasts
Vascular bundle (vein)
Organizes the 2 transport tissues into “highways” throughout leaf
Xylem
Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves, not alive
Phloem
Transports sugar to the rest of the plant
What are the two transport tissues called
Xylem and Phloem
Spongy mesophyll cells
Loosely packed with many air spaces around them, this tissue helps in water and gas exchange with the enviroment
Stomata
Openings/holes at bottom for gas exchange, CO2 + H2O in and O2 goes out as a byproduct
Guard cells
Regulate the size of the stomata to control H20 less, shape changes to open or close
Stomata cont.
Regulated by guard cells, increase CO2 but decrease H2O, usually open at day and closed at night.
What is turgor pressure
High water pressure
