plant tissues and organs

Question 1

4 types of tissues found in plants

Answer 1

meristematic
epidermal (dermal)
vascular
ground

Question 2

meristematic tissue is _______ tissue that can be divided by mitosis and can _______________

Answer 2

unspecialized / differentiate to form specialized cells

Question 3

meristematic tissue function

Answer 3

growing new parts of plant

Question 4

name 2 functions of epidermal tissue

Answer 4

protection

allow exchange of materials

Question 5

epidermal– protection

cuticle (waxy material)

Answer 5

protects leaves from loss of water by limiting transpiration from the leaf’s surface

Question 6

what produces the cuticle?

Answer 6

upper epidermis

Question 7

what is transpiration?

Answer 7

evaporation of water

Question 8

epidermal– protection

epidermis

Answer 8

very thin layer of cells that covers the surfaces (top and bottom) of leaves, stems, and roots

Question 9

epidermal– protection

hair-like structures on leaf contain ____________

Answer 9

chemical irritants

Question 10

epidermal– allow exchange of materials

root hairs

Answer 10

absorb water and minerals from soil

Question 11

epidermal– allow exchange of materials

stomata

Answer 11

allows carbon dioxide, water vapour, and oxygen to move in and out of leaf easily

Question 12

why are stomata mostly found on the underside of the leaf?

Answer 12

guard cells are activated by light– if the plant is under direct sunlight, the stomata would always be open
too much water would be lost
the plant would die

Question 13

what is the function of vascular tissue?

Answer 13

transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant

Question 14

what are the 2 things that make up vascular tissue?

Answer 14

xylem

phloem

Question 15

what is the function of xylem?

Answer 15

transports water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots to stems and leaves

Question 16

xylem– __ way flow

Answer 16

1

Question 17

what is the structure of xylem?

Answer 17

hollow tubes with hard walls

Question 18

is xylem made of dead or alive cells?

Answer 18

dead

Question 19

what is the function of phloem?

Answer 19

transports sugar (from photosynthesis), nutrients, and hormones

Question 20

phloem– __ way flow

Answer 20

2

Question 21

what is the structure of phloem?

Answer 21

porous cell walls to allow exchange materials with neighbouring cells

Question 22

is phloem made of dead or alive cells?

Answer 22

alive

Question 23

vascular bundle

Answer 23

xylem vessels grouped with phloem vessels

Question 24

where is most of the plant?

Answer 24

ground tissue

Question 25

what is the function of ground tissue?

Answer 25

filter between epidermal and vascular tissues

Question 26

ground tissue-- roots

Answer 26

store food and water

Question 27

ground tissue-- leaves

Answer 27

photosynthesis and gas exchange occurs

Question 28

ground tissue-- stem

Answer 28

provides strength and support

Question 29

4 plant organs

Answer 29

root leaf stem flower

Question 30

3 functions of a root

Answer 30

support plant collect water from soil store food made in other parts of plant

Question 31

what is at the bottom of the root?

Answer 31

a protective epidermal tissue (root cap)

Question 32

what is the main function of a leaf?

Answer 32

perform photosynthesis

Question 33

what is the chemical formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 33

6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6

Question 34

what makes up the upper and middle leaf?

Answer 34

``` epidermal tissue ground tissue (palisade mesophyll) ```

Question 35

what is the function of the epidermal tissue in the upper and middle leaf?

Answer 35

protection

Question 36

what is the function of the palisade mesophyll in the upper and middle leaf?

Answer 36

perform most of photosynthesis; contains many chloroplasts

Question 37

chloroplasts in the leaf contain thylakoids, which contains ____________________

Answer 37

chlorophyll molecules that capture light

Question 38

how are thylakoids arranged in the leaf?

Answer 38

in a stack called a granum

Question 39

spongy mesophyll in the leaf has lots of open spaces containing ____________

Answer 39

gases (CO2 and O2) and water vapour needed or produced by photosynthesis

Question 40

what is the function of xylem in the leaf?

Answer 40

transports water from the root, up stem to leaf

Question 41

what is the function of phloem in the leaf?

Answer 41

transports sugars produced from photosynthesis to the rest of the plants

Question 42

what is the function of lower leaf (epidermal tissue) in the leaf?

Answer 42

exchange gases between the leaf and the environment

Question 43

what do guard cells in the lower leaf allow?

Answer 43

gases to move in and out by changing their shape to control the opening and closing of stomata in the leaf

Question 44

what is the function of stomata in the leaf?

Answer 44

the openings in the leaf for CO2 to enter and O2 and water vapour to exit

Question 45

what are the functions of epidermal tissue in the stem?

Answer 45

allows for exchange of gases and water vapour | provides cuticle to help prevent water loss

Question 46

what is the function of vascular tissue in the stem?

Answer 46

transports water and nutrients throughout the plant

Question 47

what is the function of ground tissue in the stem?

Answer 47

supports the leaves and flowers

Question 48

what is the function of the flower?

Answer 48

sexual reproductive structure to produce seeds

Question 49

stamen

Answer 49

male reproductive structure

Question 50

what makes up the stamen?

Answer 50

anther | filament

Question 51

anther

Answer 51

produces and contains pollen

Question 52

pollen

Answer 52

male sex cells

Question 53

filament

Answer 53

supports anther

Question 54

pistil

Answer 54

female reproductive structure

Question 55

what makes up the pistil?

Answer 55

ovary stigma style

Question 56

ovary

Answer 56

contain eggs in ovule

Question 57

ovule

Answer 57

female sex cells

Question 58

stigma

Answer 58

produces a sticky substance that captures pollen

Question 59

style

Answer 59

carries pollen to the ovary

Question 60

petal

Answer 60

colourful and bright part of flowers to attract pollenators

Question 61

sepal

Answer 61

green leaf part that covers the outside of the flower bud to protect the flower before it opens

Question 62

pollen and an egg unite to produce _____

Answer 62

seed (fertilized egg)

Question 63

what forms the fruit?

Answer 63

ovary

Question 64

root hairs increase _________

Answer 64

surface area of the roots

Question 65

osmosis moves ____________ to the ______

Answer 65

water and minerals / roots

Question 66

cohesion

Answer 66

water molecules stick together

Question 67

adhesion

Answer 67

water molecules stick to xylem wall