PMP TEST 4

Question 1

1A project manager managing a video project was informed by a team member about a complex problem that can have a drastic negative impact on the project. The project manager immediately defined the cause of problem by analyzing the problem using a fishbone diagram, identified a solution, and implemented the solution. The project manager recently received a call from the same team member and was informed that the same problem has resurfaced. What did the project manager most likely forget to do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Validate the solution to the sponsors

Confirm that the solution solved the problem

Use a Pareto chart

Identify why the problem occurred

Answer 1

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Even though the project manager spends a great deal of energy and time preventing problems, there are still problems that need to be resolved. Here are the steps of the problem-solving technique: - Define the cause of the problem (not just symptoms) - Analyze the problem (cause and effect diagram) - Identify solutions - Implement the selected solution - Review the solution

Question 2

2You are overseeing the implementation of a new computer structure at the local hospital. You are currently identifying all the internal and external stakeholders who have an interest in your project and can positively or negatively impact your project. While identifying the stakeholders, you realize that stakeholder identification:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Is the responsibility of the project sponsor

Must be carried out throughout the project life cycle

Must be completed in the initial stage of the project life cycle

Must be focused only on stakeholders who will contribute positively to your project

Answer 2

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Stakeholder identification will continue throughout the project life cycle. As the project proceeds through each phase, additional stakeholders will be involved while others will be released. Stakeholder identification is conducted primarily by the project management team, but some stakeholders may be identified in the project charter. Stakeholders may include people and organizations that may be affected either negatively or positively by the project outcome.

Question 3

3Stakeholders have to be identified early in the project, and the needs of stakeholders have to be documented. While the project progresses, changes could occur to the list of project stakeholders. What should the project manager should do to remain updated about stakeholders and their needs?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Once identified, stakeholders remain throughout the project, and the project manager must engage with them.

The list of stakeholders is absolute and will not change.

The list of identified stakeholders must be reviewed to identify and update changes.

Stakeholders’ needs must be understood and fulfilled.

Answer 3

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The stakeholders keep changing throughout the project, and the list needs to be regularly reviewed and updated

Question 4

4A project manager is evaluating options to set expectations to the team clearly so that the team complies to the code of conduct. What is the project manager trying to establish?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project Charter

Ground Rules

Project Plan

Resource Management Plan

Answer 4

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Ground rules are established to set clear expectations relating to the code of conduct

Question 5

5Which of the following financial metrics measures the loss or gain based on the money invested and returns?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Internal rate of return

Profit and loss

Return on investment (ROI)

Benefit - cost ratio

Answer 5

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

ROI is the financial metric that measures the loss or gain based on the money invested and returns.

Question 6

6Organizational culture plays a vital role in the success of projects and is an important consideration. Which of the following factors does NOT shape culture?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Shared Vision, Mission, Values

Stakeholder analysis

Risk Tolerance

Motivation and reward system

Answer 6

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Stakeholder analysis is performed to understand the stakeholders and their influence.

Question 7

7You have recently been assigned as a project manager for a new and highly complex project to send a satellite into space. There are several stakeholders in the project, and you are working on a communications plan to identify the information and communication needs of the people involved. You do this by determining what needs to be communicated, when, to whom, with what method, in which format, and how frequently. It is extremely important that you develop your communications plan _____.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Throughout the project life cycle

At the earliest stage of the project

On completion of the project plan

During execution of the project

Answer 7

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Plan communications is included in the planning process, which is generally completed prior to executing the project. Updates to the project plan, including the communications management plan, will occur during the entire project life cycle.

Question 8

8You are working for a healthcare facility and are overseeing the implementation of a new computer infrastructure and office automation project at the local hospital. You have made efforts to ensure that a rigorous test was done and scope was validated prior to any major release in the project. Recently, you made the final delivery to the customer and communicated news of the success to all relevant members of the project. You were surprised when the customer called to inform you that he was not happy with the release as it did not support one of his key functionalities and demanded that the feature be added as soon as possible. What should you do first in this kind of situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Estimate the time, cost, and resources required to add the feature specified by the customer

Have an urgent meeting with the sponsor to discuss the customer’s concern

Inform the customer that the project has been delivered and closed, and that any addition will be treated as a new project

Perform root cause analysis on how the scope validation and testing procedures missed the key requirement

Answer 8

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Once the project scope has been completed and validated and final delivery has been made, the project is considered completed. Any kind of dispute should be resolved in favor of the customer, but the project manager should also be aware that customers are not always right and should resist in this sort of situation. Once the project is completed, any addition to the project should be considered a new project, and detailed impact analysis should be carried out.

Question 8

9A software company created a base package that must be implemented for each customer. Which of the following will be used to ensure that the new base functionality does not break existing custom features and that the changes are evaluated across all relevant versions of the product?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Configuration management system

Process improvement plan

Perform integrated change control

Work authorization system

Answer 8

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

A configuration management system is the subset of the project management information system (PMIS) that describes the different versions and characteristics of the product, service, or result of the project and ensures accuracy and completeness of the description. It is all about managing different configurations of a product. At some point in time, a product will be baselined and different configurations, versions, and branches are managed from that point. The process improvement plan looks at processes and outlines the activities and steps that will enhance their value. Perform Integrated Change Control is the process necessary for reviewing change requests, approving or disapproving, and managing changes to the deliverables, project management plan, and the organizational process assets. A work authorization system is a formal, documented procedure to describe how to authorize and initiate work in the correct sequence at the appropriate time.

Question 9

10Which of the following techniques translates project objectives into tangible deliverables and requirements by improving the project team’s understanding of the product?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Product analysis

Alternative generation

Inspection

Decompositio

Answer 9

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Product analysis techniques, such as product breakdown, systems analysis, system engineering, value engineering, value analysis, functional analysis, and others, may be used to perform a detailed analysis of the product, service, or result. This technique translates project objectives into tangible deliverables and requirements by improving the project team’s understanding of the product.

Question 10

11To ensure that the project deliverables meet requirements, it is essential to understand the team’s strengths. Which of the following tools is useful to assess the team’s strengths?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team Charter

Resource Analysis

SWOT Analysis

RACI Chart

Answer 10

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity & Threat) analysis tool is the best option to evaluate the Strengths and Weaknesses of the team.

Question 11

12Regular assessment and training is essential for project team members so that they will have the skills required to deliver the task assigned to them. What would be best course of action to confirm the effectiveness of the training?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Pre-Training Assessments

Training Review

Training Retrospective

Post-Training Assessments

Answer 11

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Post-assessments have to be conducted after the training. This will measure the success of the training and it’s outcomes, which enables further improvements.

Question 12

13The project manager of a global project engages with the team virtually and spends significant amount of time and energy to ensure effective team collaboration. Which of the following can be the best alternative to team reviews in virtual environments?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team meeting

Videoconferencing

Team engagement

Video communication

Answer 12

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Videoconferencing enables effective team review as team members can see each other while conducting review and are actively present.

Question 13

14Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning a project management office (PMO)?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It can be responsible for the direct management of projects and programs.

It is an organizational body responsible for establishing and maintaining templates, policies, procedures, best practices, and standards for project management methodologies.

In order to be managed together, the various projects supported by a PMO should be related.

It conducts periodic project audits to monitor compliance with project management standards.

Answer 13

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The nature and structure of a PMO depends on the needs of the organization it supports. The projects supported by a PMO may not be related other than being managed together.

Question 14

15You are managing a large IT project. A severe cost overrun causes major concern to the key stakeholders and sponsor. You schedule an urgent meeting to discuss the root cause of the concern and illustrate the corrective and preventive actions you are planning to take. You are also planning to inform the audience in the meeting that the project is ahead of schedule and that most of the major deliverables are already completed and accepted by the stakeholders. What kind of communication does this meeting represent?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Informal verbal

Formal written

Informal written

Formal verbal

Answer 14

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The subject matter and topics discussed in the meeting are important, and the meeting is considered formal verbal.

Question 15

16Which of the following is NOT true about Motivator-Hygiene theory?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Hygiene factors are not sufficient to motivate people, and motivating agents provide the best positive reinforcement.

Hygiene factors can destroy motivation, but improving them under most circumstances will not improve motivation.

Motivating people is best done by rewarding people and letting them grow.

Improving hygiene factors will certainly improve motivation.

Answer 15

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

As per Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene theory, hygiene factors are not sufficient to motivate people, and motivating agents provide the best positive reinforcement. Hygiene factors can destroy motivation but improving them will not improve motivation under most circumstances.

Question 16

17Ashley, a senior project manager, recently took over a project to produce a safe and effective drug from another project manager who just left the company. Ashley was surprised to find there was no change control board or change control process established for the project. Why is it important to have robust change control for any project to be successful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It will ensure that only stakeholders with significant authority can submit change requests.

It will minimize the number of changes in the project.

It will ensure that only necessary changes are considered and implemented.

It will maintain the record of all changes for budget tracking purposes.

Answer 16

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

A robust change control process will ensure that only the necessary changes are considered and implemented. A change control process cannot help with the number of changes that will be requested in the project as the number of changes depend on how well defined the scope of the project is. Again, all stakeholders, regardless of their authority, should be able to submit change requests.

Question 17

18Which of the following is NOT a typical external factor that influences a project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Political

Emotional

Commercial

Social

Answer 17

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The external factors that influence the project are political, economical, social, technological, legal, and environmental.

Question 18

19You were given a budget of $3000, and you spent $2000. However, you only completed $1200 worth of work. What do you currently expect the TOTAL project to cost, considering your situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Not possible to estimate

5000

6000

6200

Answer 18

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Estimate at completion (EAC) =BAC/CPI. Here, we have BAC=$3,000, AC=$2,000, and EV=$1,200. CPI=EV/AC=1200/2000=.6. So, EAC=3000/.6 =5,000.

Question 19

20During a team meeting, there are disagreements among the team members regarding a few stories. What is helpful in specifying how the team handles such disagreements?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project Charter

Team meeting guidelines

Team Charter

Project meeting guideline

Answer 19

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The team charter is helpful in specifying how the team handles such disagreements.

Question 20

21Which of the following is not a tool used for pre-assessment?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Ability Test

Structured Interview

Focus Group

Testing

Answer 20

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Attitudinal Surveys, Specific Assessments, Ability Tests, Structured Interviews, and Focus Groups are used as pre-assessment tools.

Question 21

22While reviewing your project schedule, you realize that you have two pending activities that you need to complete as soon as possible. You must set up the development server in the lab and then start coding. Upon further investigation, you find out that you must run the server for three days without failure before the coding starts. This is an example of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Lead

Crash

Critical chain

Lag

Answer 21

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Lag is an inserted waiting time between activities. In this case, there is a three-day delay before you can start coding.

Question 22

23You are utilizing a technique of reconciling the expenditure of funds with the funding limits set for the project. As per the variance between expenditure of funds and planned limit, you are trying to reschedule activities to level out the rates of expenditures. This technique is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Funding limit reconciliation

Cost aggregation

Reserve analysis

Forecasting

Answer 22

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Funding limit reconciliation is a technique of reconciling the expenditure of funds with the funding limits set for the project. As per the variance between the expenditure of funds and planned limit, the activities can be rescheduled to level out the rates of expenditures.

Question 23

24You are overseeing a project to implement an online travel package reservation system that has 6 sponsors and 13 stakeholders. You want to make sure that your project stakeholders will receive the correct version of the product. Which of the following plans will you use to specify how versioning information will be tracked?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Quality management plan

Scope management plan

Change management plan

Configuration management plan

Answer 23

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Configuration management plan is a subset of the project management information system (PMIS) that describes the different versions and characteristics of the product, service, or result of the project and ensures accuracy and completeness of the description.

Question 24

25Senior management has asked you to shorten your project schedule by 2 months by any means. In order to achieve the target, you added a couple of additional resources to the team and also approved unlimited overtime for the team members. You realize that you are taking the risk of potential conflicts and additional management time and cost to the project. The technique you are using is:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Crashing

Critical chain

Critical path

Fast tracking

Answer 24

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Crashing is a technique of adding additional resources to a project activity to complete it in less time. Approving overtime, bringing in additional resources, or paying to expedite delivery to activities on the critical path are all examples of crashing. Crashing does not always produce a viable alternative and may result in increased risk, more management time, and cost. Increasing the number of resources may decrease time but not in a linear amount as activities will often encounter the law of diminishing returns.

Question 25

26Team norms have to be established during the beginning of the project so that the team is equipped to handle challenges as the project progresses. Which of the following is NOT included in the team norms?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Meetings

Communication Approaches

Monitoring the performance

Shared Values

Answer 25

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Meetings, Communication Approaches, Managing conflicts, Shared Values, and Decision making are all included in team norms.

Question 26

27During the executing stage of a project to develop a cashiering application for a retail customer, a senior stakeholder requested that you slightly modify the project scope to incorporate an additional feature. What will be your first course of action?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Submit the change request to the change control board for its approval or rejection

Document the change request as per the project scope management plan

Perform an impact analysis on all project objectives such as scope, time, cost, quality, risk, and others

Deny the request since it is too late in the project life cycle to incorporate any new change

Answer 26

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The project manager should document the change request as per the project scope management plan and then submit the change request to the change control board once the impact analysis is completed. The change control board will either approve or deny the request.

Question 27

28You are overseeing a project to build a robot which will operate on electricity as well as solar power. The robot should have face and voice recognition capability; it should help the owner with daily household activities and keep him or her company. The robot should be able to learn from various experiences, develop its memory, and gradually make more complex decisions on its own. In which of the following documents should this information be captured?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project scope

Scope baseline

Product scope

Requirements traceability matrix

Answer 27

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Product scope describes the features, functions, and physical characteristics of a product, service, or result. On the other hand, project scope describes the work needed to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions. Product scope may include subsidiary components, but project scope results in a single product, service, or result. Product scope completion is measured against the product requirements to determine successful fulfillment. and project scope completion is measured against the project plan, project scope statement, work breakdown structure (WBS), WBS dictionary, and other elements.

Question 28

29You are managing a project to develop an online PMP exam simulator to help students practice exam questions in a real-life environment. The team has completed design work, received approval from the technical review team, and initiated coding work. Your management asks you what you currently expect the TOTAL project to cost, and you assure them that the rest of the job will be done as per budget. Which of the following formulas will you use to get the most accurate estimate at completion (EAC)?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

EAC = AC+(BAC-EV)

EAC = AC+BOTTOM-UP ETC

EAC = (BAC/EV)/CPI*SPI

EAC = BAC/CPI

Answer 28

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

You are assuming that the rest of the job will be done as per budget; all you need to do is take the remaining work (BAC-EV) and add funds spent, AC.

Question 29

30The project manager, project team members, and procurement managers are actively involved in negotiating contracts. Which of the following may the Project team NOT suggest?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Deliverables and Milestones

Data consideration

Risk and issues

Resource requirements

Answer 29

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Deliverables & Milestones, Risk and issues, and resource requirements can all be suggested by the project team.

Question 30

31Task identification and tracking is done by the team without active involvement of the project managers in typical Agile approaches. Which of the following can the team use as an information radiator to track the tasks?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Report dashboard

Kanban Board

Review structure

Activity documentation

Answer 30

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

While the committed user stories for the iteration are decomposed and tasks are identified, the team tracks and manages the tasks using information radiators like Kanban Board.

Question 31

32Which of the following techniques can a project manager use to analyze skill gaps of team members?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team Gap analysis

Team Performance analysis

Training Gap analysis

Team knowledge analysis

Answer 31

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

This analysis enables the project manager to identify the missing skills, knowledge, and capabilities and can be used to come up with training for the team members.

Question 32

33Which of the following is useful for effective planning of meetings, coordination, feedback, and improving visibility?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Calendar

Display system

Kanban Board

process report

Answer 32

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Using calendars helps to timebox meetings by improving the focus and encouraging the team to set objectives and tracking.

Question 33

34A new stakeholder has recently been identified for your project. He will be helping team members with data validation and other testing. The stakeholder asks the project manager about the scheduling methodology and tools that will be used in the schedule development. He would also like to know about schedule change control procedures, reporting formats, and frequencies. Which of the following documents may the project manager refer him to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project charter

Stakeholder register

Schedule management plan

Schedule baseline

Answer 33

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The schedule management plan defines how the project schedule will be planned, developed, managed, executed, and controlled throughout the project life cycle. It serves as guidance for the scheduling process and defines the roles and responsibilities for stakeholders, along with scheduling methodologies, tools, schedule change control procedures, reporting formats, and frequencies.

Question 34

35Your team is working on the installation and configuration of a database server. A project manager from another project called you to inform you that she is waiting for the completion of the server setup as her team will also be using the server for their testing. You inform the project manager that the server installation and configuration will be delayed by a few days. What kind of dependency does the other project have on your project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Discretionary dependency

Mandatory dependency

Internal dependency

External dependency

Answer 34

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

An external dependency is related to a non-project activity and is considered outside the control of the project team. This is an example of external dependency since the other project manager does not have control over the completion of the server setup but the project has a dependency on it.

Question 35

36A project is following a life cycle where requirements are defined in a backlog, and the project team delivers the backlog items based on the priorities of the project sponsor in two-week iterations. What type of project life cycle is the team following?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Rolling Wave

Agile

Waterfall

Scaled Agile Framework

Answer 35

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Agile projects leverage a prioritized backlog and deliver the project in a series of short, timeboxed iterations. There are many varieties of Agile techniques, but this question has provided enough information to classify the project life cycle as Agile.

Question 36

37Multiphase projects are planned by developing phases that are performed sequentially to ensure proper control of the project and attain the desired product, service, or result. In some cases, it is necessary to accelerate the project life cycle by overlapping project phases. Which of the following is NOT true about this kind of overlapping relationship?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

This technique can be applied as a schedule compression technique called fast-tracking.

This kind of relationship may increase project risk and the potential for conflicts. A subsequent phase can progress before accurate information is available from the previous phase.

In this kind of relationship, a phase is planned at a given time; planning for a subsequent phase is carried out as work progresses on the current phase or deliverables.

This kind of relationship can reduce the ability to develop long-term planning, but it is suitable in an undefined, uncertain, and rapidly changing environment.

Answer 36

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

In iterative relationships, a phase is planned at a given time. Planning for a subsequent phase is carried out as work progresses on the current phase or deliverables. In overlapping relationships, the successor phase can start prior to the completion of the predecessor phase. This approach can be applied as a schedule compression technique called fast-tracking. An overlapping relationship may increase project risk and the potential for conflicts as a subsequent phase progresses before accurate information is available form the previous phase. This kind of relationship can reduce the ability to develop long-term planning, but it is very suitable in an undefined, uncertain, and rapidly changing environment.

Question 37

38Which of the following does NOT describe the project charter?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Formally initiates the project

Includes high-level details of the project

Provides detailed plan for project management

Formalizes the assignment of the project manager

Answer 37

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Project charter is created and project is initiated formally. By handing over the charter, the formal assignment of the project manager is declared.

Question 38

39As a project manager, you and your team are mainly focused on finding a less costly way to do the same work and on achieving more out of the project in every possible way to increase the bottom line, decrease costs, improve quality, and optimize the schedule without reducing or impacting the scope. Which of the following techniques are you most likely using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Benchmarking

Value analysis

Life cycle costing

Reserve analysis

Answer 38

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Value analysis is also referred to as value engineering or value methodology. It is the technique of finding a less costly way to do the same work and of achieving more out of the project in every possible way to increase the bottom line, decrease costs, improve quality, and optimize the schedule without reducing or impacting the scope.

Question 39

40Which of the following leadership styles focuses on supporting the team and addressing their needs?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Autocratic leadership

Servant leadership

Participative leadership

Democratic leadership

Answer 39

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Servant leadership focuses on supporting the team and addressing their needs.

Question 40

41Which of the following is the specific function or action that helps the team to transform, mature, and become more productive?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team dynamics

Team building

Team Negotiation

Team Agreement

Answer 40

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Team building helps the team to transform, mature, and become more productive.

Question 41

42Which of the following assessments explores alternatives to overcome or avoid the risk?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Backlog Assessment

Skill Gap Assessment

Risk Assessment

Team Assessment

Answer 41

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Backlog Assessment or refinement explores alternatives to overcome or avoid the risk

Question 42

43A project manager working on implementing WIMAX connectivity in a rural area has to deploy several network devices and set up POPs to house those devices. She performed a cost-benefit analysis and was concerned about the high cost of nonconformance as a result of not following the proper quality procedures in the project. What should the project manager do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Look for benchmarks

Allocate additional budget to deal with the situation

Utilize the existing reserve money to deal with her situation

Perform a quality audit

Answer 42

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A quality audit is a scheduled or random structured review performed by internal or third-party auditors to determine whether quality management activities comply with organizational and project processes, policies, and procedures. It ascertains inefficient and ineffective activities and processes used in the project as well as lessons learned, such as gaps and best practices, that can improve the performance of the current project or future ones. A quality audit to correct any deficiencies in the quality processes should result in a reduced cost of quality and an increase in stakeholders’ acceptance of the product.

Question 43

44A project manager has observed that the project team members’ performance is deteriorating and motivation has also reduced. What is the best course of action the project manager can initiate?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Reward & Recognition

Reward & Regulation

Penalty for degraded performance

Allow team to improve themselves

Answer 43

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Reward and Recognition is an effective way of motivating teams to perform and contribute to the success of the project.

Question 44

45Which of the following tools is not used to measure team performance?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sprint

Kanban Board

Earned Value

Velocity

Answer 44

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Kanban Boards, Throughput metrics, Cycle Time, Quality Metrics, Earned Value, Bar Charts, and Velocity are the various tools used to measure a team’s performance.

Question 45

46A project manager is performing formal and informal assessments to identify the specific training, coaching, mentoring, assistance, or changes required to improve a team’s performance and effectiveness. Which of the following is the project manager performing?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team performance assessment

Project performance assessment

Observations and conversations

Team-building activities

Answer 45

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The goal of team performance assessment is to identify the specific training, coaching, mentoring assistance, or changes required to improve the team’s performance and effectiveness. The project management team makes formal or informal assessments of the project team’s effectiveness while team development efforts such as training, team building, and colocation are implemented. A team’s performance is measured against the agreed-upon success criteria, schedule, and budget target. The evaluation of a team’s effectiveness may include indicators such as how well the team is performing, communicating, and dealing with conflicts.

Question 46

47A project manager overseeing a WIMAX deployment project just completed negotiation for three additional resources from different functional areas as well as extra reserve money for her project. During the negotiation, two of the functional managers were very skeptical about the request for additional resources and were reluctant to assign their resources to her project. She attempted to influence the functional managers using her association with a high-level executive. Which of the following forms of power is she using in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Referent

Coercive

Expert

Reward

Answer 46

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Coercive power involves leveraging a technique that coerces others to agree to the proposal.

Question 47

48A project manager overseeing a construction project negotiated a deal with a tools and equipment rental company for different tools needed for the project. As a part of the deal, the rental company will supply all ten pieces of equipment for a total price of $3000/month for the duration of the project. Which of the following costs is this an example of?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Indirect cost

Sunk cost

Opportunity cost

Fixed cost

Answer 47

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Fixed cost is based on a predefined service delivery for a flat, pre-negotiated rate. The risk is on the seller.

Question 48

49A project manager is in the Acquire project team process and is trying to secure the best possible resources to build a project team for carrying out project activities efficiently. What will be the output of this process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Resource management plan

Project staff assignments

Team performance assessments

Change requests

Answer 48

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Staff assignments will define how the resources obtained will be assigned.

Question 49

50Which of the following is essential for delivering the high-level organization strategy?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Quality Management

Change Management

Knowledge Management

Transition Management

Answer 49

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Change Management is essential for delivering the high-level organization strategy.

Question 50

51Identifying and assessing the stakeholders is accomplished various ways. Which of the following would NOT be suitable for this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Expert Judgement

Data Analysis

Analogous Technique

Data Gathering

Answer 50

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Analogous techniques are used for estimation.

Question 51

52In Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, accomplishment, respect, attention, and appreciation are represented as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Physiological

Self-actualization

Esteem

Social

Answer 51

EXPLANATION

In Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, accomplishment, respect, attention, and appreciation are represented as esteem.

Question 52

53You presented your project cost estimates to the sponsor, but she is upset about the inaccuracy of the estimates and demands that the estimates be as accurate as possible. Which of the following techniques will help you most in the situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

An order of magnitude estimate

A heuristic estimate

A bottom-up estimate

A top-down estimate

Answer 52

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

A bottom-up estimate is the most time-consuming and generally the most accurate estimate. In this technique, one estimate per activity is received from the team members. This estimate can be based on expert judgment, historical information, or an educated guess. A rough order of magnitude is an approximate estimate (-25 percent to 75 percent) made without detailed data. It is used during the formative stages for initial evaluation of a project’s feasibility. A heuristic estimate is based on rule of thumb, such as the 80/20 rule. A top-down estimate is usually given to the project manager from management or the sponsor. This type of estimate measures project parameters such as budget, size, complexity, and duration based on the parameters of a previous similar project and historical information. It is usually done during an early phase of the project when not much information is available; thus, it is less accurate even though it is less costly and less time-consuming.

Question 53

54Steve is a system engineer who is extremely dedicated and hardworking. His deliverables are always on time, accurate, and of desired quality. He also has a reputation of being a nice guy and being liked by everyone in the organization. Considering all these factors, senior management has decided to assign Steve as a project manager for a critical engineering project. This is an example of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Rewarding good behavior

The halo effect

Victor Vroom’s expectancy theory

Perquisites

Answer 53

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The tendency to rate high or low on all factors due to the impression of a high or low rating on a specific factor is known as the Halo effect. This kind of action will have a negative impact on the project and the performing organization.

Question 54

55Henry, a project manager, utilizes different conflict resolution techniques to resolve conflicts in his project. He created an open environment so that his team members feel free to discuss their concerns and issues. He is also focused on resolving issues rather than fixing the personalities of his team members, and he pays more attention to the present than the past. Which of the following conflict resolution techniques will lead to the least sustaining positive result?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Withdrawing or avoiding

Forcing

Confronting or problem-solving

Compromising

Answer 54

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Withdrawing or avoiding is the technique of retreating from conflict and avoiding or postponing resolution. This technique leads to the least sustaining positive results.

Question 55

56Facilitating meetings and sessions is an effective technique for:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Meetings

One-on-one mentoring

Collaboration

Team management

Answer 55

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Facilitating meetings and sessions is an effective technique for one-on-one mentoring, because this provides the mentor an opportunity to engage with the stakeholders effectively and guide them to right directions. Secondly, the stakeholder will have safe environment to express themselves in the absence of others.

Question 56

57Which of the following is NOT an element of self-regulation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Self Control

Trustworthiness

Adaptability

Agility

Answer 56

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Self Control, Trustworthiness, Conscientiousness, and Adaptability are self-regulation elements.

Question 57

58You are responsible for making arrangements for your company’s annual picnic. You have taken all the necessary actions and have reserved an outdoor park on a particular day. You have bought umbrellas and rented tents just in case you need them. Which of the following risk strategies are you using in this case?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Passive acceptance

Contingency planning

Avoidance

Transference

Answer 57

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The contingency plan includes specific action that will be taken if opportunities or threats occur.

Question 58

59Steve is a project manager for a power company and is currently supervising a solar panel installation project for a local real estate builder. The project has fifteen team members and eighteen internal and external stakeholders. One of the team leads sends Steve a status report of his team’s deliverables and indicates that a major component is completed. Steve is convinced that the team lead is not fully honest in his communication and that the major component is far from being completed. Steve is about to have a meeting with the key stakeholders on the project status. What is the best course of action for Steve in this kind of situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Ask the team under the lead to explain the cause of discrepancy

Challenge the team lead about the validity of the report

Attend the status meeting with stakeholders and not mention anything about the major component

Inform the stakeholder that you will need a little more time to verify the information about the component and will follow up shortly

Answer 58

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A project manager should always be truthful in communications and should provide accurate information in a timely manner. A project manager should not deceive others or make misleading or false statements. Steve should inform the stakeholders that he needs a little more time to verify the information about the major component and will follow up when he has an accurate update.

Question 59

60In the communication process, a basic model of communication that exhibits how information is sent from the sender and how it is received by the receiver has all the following components EXCEPT:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sender

Message and feedback message

Urgency

Noise

Answer 59

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Urgency is not included in the basic communication model but should be considered when determining the method of communication to be used.

Question 60

61While overseeing a software engineering project, you find that one of the subcontractors failed to deliver on the last three projects. Upon further investigation, you learn that there are several complaints filed against this subcontractor and that they have a very bad reputation in the market. Realizing that is it too big a risk, you terminate the contract with the subcontractor and instead hire a couple of individuals to work on the components. Which risk response strategy did you use in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Accept

Transfer

Mitigate

Avoid

Answer 60

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Avoid is the elimination of the threat by eliminating the cause or changing the project management plan. Here, you utilized the avoid strategy by terminating the contract with the subcontractor to eliminate the threat to your project.

Question 61

62Your management asked you to study the work method to determine a faster, less costly, and more efficient method to complete the project. This is an example of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Value engineering

Resource leveling

Schedule compression

Learning curve

Answer 61

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Value engineering is mainly focused on finding a less costly way to do the same work and on achieving more out of the project in every possible way to increase the bottom line, decrease costs, improve quality, and optimize the schedule without reducing impact on the scope.

Question 62

63You are in the monitor risks process of identifying, analyzing, and planning for newly arising risks, taking corrective actions, and reviewing the execution and effectiveness of risk responses. Which of the following is NOT a tool and technique to monitor risks?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Risk reassessment

Reserve analysis

Enhance

Risk audits

Answer 62

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Enhance is a strategy to deal with an opportunity. By influencing the underlying risk triggers, this strategy increases the size, probability, likelihood, and positive impact of an opportunity.

Question 63

64Why is it essential to document assumptions from the point of initiation of your project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Failure to validate assumptions may result in significant risk events

Assumptions are absolute and nonnegotiable

Assumptions allow for baseline adjustments in case of project crisis

Assumptions limit the project team’s options for decision-making

Answer 63

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Assumptions are not based on factual information, and failure to validate an assumption may result in significant risk events. Assumptions are usually documented during the project initiating and planning processes. These assumptions are not absolute and can be negotiable. Assumptions do not limit the project team’s options for decision making; however, constraints do. Assumptions also do not allow for baseline adjustments in case of project crisis as it’s not the correct process for adjusting project baselines.

Question 64

65Which of the following is NOT a tool and technique of the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Risk probability and impact assessment

Probability and impact matrix

Expected monetary value analysis

Risk data quality assessment

Answer 64

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis is the process of prioritizing risks by assessing and combining their probability of occurrence and impact on the project if they occur. This fast, relatively easy to perform, and cost-effective process ensures that the right emphasis is on the right risk areas as per their ranking and priority and helps to allocate adequate time and resources. Even though numbers are used for the rating in Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis, it is a subjective evaluation and should be performed throughout the project. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis is the process of numerically analyzing the effect of overall project objectives of identified risks. It performs numerical analysis using a modeling technique such as expected monetary value (EMV).

Question 65

66You are overseeing a large construction project to build a power plant. Your company has purchased a big piece of land close to a mountain and far away from the city for the plant. One of your team members reports to you that they found some artifacts during construction. Upon initial assessment, you realize these artifacts have some archaeological significance. What should you do in this kind of situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Ask the team members to keep it a secret and collect all the artifacts for the benefit of the project.

This kind of finding is a norm in construction projects; thus, ignore the finding and proceed with the project as per the plan.

Proceed with the project as planned but inform the higher management about the findings.

Stop digging and call the archaeological department to quickly research the finding.

Answer 65

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A project manager should understand the significance of this kind of finding and must consult the experts before proceeding further.

Question 66

67An important stakeholder identified a problem with one of the features of a software application your team is working on and submitted a change request. Even though it was out of the project’s scope, the change control board approved the change. What should you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Add the risk to the risk register and gather information about its probability and impact

Disregard any risk at this stage of the project life cycle

Have a meeting with the stakeholder to discuss the risk

Identify what went wrong in the Identify Risks process

Answer 66

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Any time you come across a new risk, the first thing you should do is document it in the risk register and then analyze the impact as well as the probability of that risk. You should not take any further action until you have analyzed the risk.

Question 67

68You have identified various impediments, obstacles, and blockers in a project, and they must be resolved on priority. You decide to refer to the project management best practices and identifies the popular techniques. Which of the following is NOT the right technique to prioritize impediments, obstacles, and blockers?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Unique Gaming

Fist to Five

T-Shirt Sizes

Planning Poker

Answer 67

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Fist of Five, T-Shirt Sized, Planning Poker, Unique Naming are the techniques are suitable for assigning priorities

Question 68

69While working on a construction project, you need to find out if any of your team members are available to work during the coming weekend. Which of the following documents will help you MOST in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project team directory

Responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) chart

Resource breakdown structure (RBS)

Resource calendar

Answer 68

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A resource calendar shows who is and who is not available to work during any given time period. The resource calendar may consider attributes such as experience, skill level, expertise, capabilities, and geographical locations for human resources to identify the best resources and their availability. A project team directory includes information about team members, such as name, contact details, role, and functional area. A responsibility assignment matrix is a chart that cross-references team members with the activities or work packages they are to accomplish. One example of a RAM is a RACI (Responsible, Accountable, Consult, and Inform) chart, which can be used to ensure clear divisions of roles and responsibilities. A resource breakdown structure (RBS) is a graphical and hierarchical structure of the identified resources arranged by resource category (such as labor, material, equipment, and supplies) and type (such as expertise level, grade, and experience).

Question 69

70You will be making $10,000 in a two-year project. The cost of capital is ten percent and the initial investment is $6000. You have another project that has a net present value of $9500. If you compare the net present value, which project should you select?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

The first project

The second project

Neither one

Cannot be determined

Answer 69

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

We know PV=FV/(1+r)n, Initial cost = $6,000, and interest rate =10 percent. So, present value for the first project is $10,000/(1+.1)2 = $9,009. The other project has a bigger NPV of $9,500. So, we should select the second project.

Question 70

71Your team members have created a requirement document, a scope statement document, and a work breakdown structure. They have identified twenty work packages and completed the WBS dictionary. Some of these team members were also involved in creating the business case and conducting the feasibility study at the early stage of the project. Which of the following items will the team members work on now?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Help the project manager to develop the schedule

Create the detailed activity list

Create the network diagram

Identify the sequence of the activities

Answer 70

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Once the WBS is created with all the work packages, the team members should work on decomposing the work packages to create the detailed activity list. Network diagram and activity sequencing can be performed only after the activity list is created.

Question 71

72Your twenty-mile railway construction project is not going well. You were supposed to complete the project today, exactly forty weeks from the start of the project. You found out that only 75 percent of the work is completed. Based on this status, approximately when would you expect the project to be completed?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

20 weeks

10 weeks

15 weeks

5 weeks

Answer 71

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Assuming the same progress that has already been experienced, the project would take 10 weeks or 25% of the original 40-week estimate.

Question 72

73You created a change control board (CCB) for your project since there is no centralized one in your organization. You also want to follow a robust integrated change control process in your project. Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of performing the integrated change control process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Prevent unnecessary changes in your project

Deny changes whenever possible

Evaluate the possible impacts of changes in our project

Manage changes as they occur

Answer 72

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Some changes in the project are inevitable. A project manager should make sure that the change requests are evaluated and presented to the CCB for review. The project manager should NOT deny changes. The focus of the Project manager should be to prevent unnecessary changes, evaluate the impacts, and manage changes as necessary.

Question 73

74One of your hardware vendors sends you an e-mail stating that due to severe bad weather, she will not be able to deliver the networking equipment on time. You respond to this risk by leasing the required equipment from a local company until yours arrives. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

This is risk avoidance.

This is risk mitigation.

This is risk acceptance.

This is risk exploitation.

Answer 73

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Risk mitigation simply means a reduction in the probability and/or impact of an adverse risk event to an acceptable threshold. Leasing the equipment reduces the consequence of the threat in this specific situation.

Question 74

75You are trying to measure how diverse the population is in your data set. First, you find the mean by taking the average of all data points and then you calculate the average of how far each individual point is from that mean. You are using:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Standard deviation

Statistical sampling

Mutual exclusivity

Normal distribution

Answer 74

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The standard deviation measures how diverse the population is in the data set. It is calculated by finding out the mean and then calculating the average of the distance of each data point from the mean.

Question 75

76Conflicts in the project happen for various reasons, and it is very important to resolve them. Effective resolution requires proper understanding of the causes of the conflicts. Which of the following are the probable causes of conflicts?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Proportions

Perceptions

Programs

Preparations

Answer 75

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Objectives, Values, and Perceptions are some of the causes of conflicts.

Question 76

77Your organization is having a severe cash flow problem, and you were asked to minimize the cost in your small project as much as possible. Which of the following processes may you consider eliminating in such a scenario?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Perform Quantitative Risk analysis

Monitor risks

Identify risks

Plan risk management

Answer 76

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis is the process of numerically analyzing the effects of identified risks on overall project objectives. It mostly performs a numerical analysis of the probability and impact of risks moved forward from the Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis process. A small project with limited budget may consider skipping this process if management decides that quantitative statements about risk and impact are not needed.

Question 77

78Which of the following is TRUE about the request for bid (RFB) or an invitation for bid (IFB)?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Buyers request all potential sellers for the details of how work will be performed.

Buyers request all potential sellers to submit a total price bid for the work to be performed.

Buyers request all potential sellers to submit a price quote per item, hour, foot or other unit of measure.

Buyers request all potential sellers to submit a detailed statement of work from the buyer.

Answer 77

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Invitation for bid (IFB)/request for bid (RFB): Request from a buyer to all potential sellers to submit a total price bid for work to be performed. Request for proposal (RFP): Buyer’s request to all potential sellers for the details of how work will be performed. Request for quotation (RFQ): Buyer’s request to all potential sellers for a price quote per item, hour, foot or other unit of measure.

Question 78

79According to Herzberg’s Motivator-hygiene theory, which of the following is not a hygiene factor?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Variety of work

Compensation

Personal life

Working conditions

Answer 78

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Variety of work is a motivational agent, not a hygiene factor.

Question 79

80You decide to use a combination of tools and techniques to identify risks in your data center project. Which of the following tools is NOT used for risk identification?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

SWOT analysis

Assumption analysis

Brainstorming

RACI chart

Answer 79

EXPLANATION

SWOT analysis, assumption analysis, brainstorming, and information gathering are used to identify risks in the project. RACI is a type of responsibility assignment matrix chart that can be used to ensure clear divisions of roles and responsibilities. RACI stands for responsible, accountable, consult, and inform.

Question 80

81Which of the following processes documents configuration management activities in a project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Collect requirement

Define scope

Plan scope management

Validate scope

Answer 80

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Requirements and configuration management activities are documented as a part of the requirements management plan, which is an output of the Plan Scope Management process.

Question 81

82While overseeing a construction project, you are informed by the site supervisor that the painting team has showed up even though the dry wall team is not even half done. The painting team lead is not sure when his team is supposed to start the work. Which of the following is contributing MOST to this issue?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team cohesiveness is poor.

Communication management plan is not developed.

A proper work authorization system is not established in the project.

The site supervisor lacks experience.

Answer 81

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Work authorization system is a formal, documented procedure to describe how to authorize and initiate work in the correct sequence at the appropriate time. The other options listed here could be contributory factors, but it is most likely that a work authorization procedure is either not properly established or not properly followed.

Question 82

83Stakeholders collaborate frequently during the project through daily standups, review meetings, and informal discussions so that there are timely updates to status of the project. On what basis should the frequency of stakeholder engagement be defined?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Mutual needs and expectations of the stakeholders

The project manager’s judgement

Regular discussions and brainstorming

Review of the project status

Answer 82

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The frequency of stakeholder engagement must be defined based on the mutual needs and expectations of the stakeholders.

Question 83

84You are managing a software application project to develop an online PMP simulator budgeted for $90,000 to assist students to practice exam questions in a real-life environment. The team has completed design work, received approval from the technical review team, and initiated coding work. When asked by management what you currently expect the project to cost, you think that the costs you have incurred till now are typical for the rest of the project. While reviewing the current status of the project, you found that AC = $30,000 and EV = $35,000. What is your estimate at completion (EAC)?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

85000

77856

90000

60000

Answer 83

EXPLANATION

If CPI or past results are typical or expected to continue, the correct EAC formula is EAC = BAC/CPI. In this case, BAC = $90,000 CPI = EV/AC = $35,000/$30,000 = 1.16 EAC = $90,000/1.16 = $77,586

Question 84

85While in the control procurements process, you are meeting with your seller to inspect the seller’s progress in delivering the project scope and quality within cost and on schedule as specified in the contract. Your objective is to identify the performance progress or failures, noncompliance, and areas where performance is a problem. Which of the following are you performing?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Performance reporting

Procurement performance reviews

Inspections and audits

Claims administration

Answer 84

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Procurement performance review is a structured review that consists of seller-prepared documentation, buyer inspection, and a quality audit of the seller’s progress to deliver project scope and quality within cost and on schedule as compared to the contract. The objective is to identify performance progress or failures, noncompliance, and areas where performance is a problem. Inspections and audits are activities mainly focused on the product itself and its conformance to specifications. Performance reporting is an excellent tool that provides management with information about how effectively the seller is meeting contractual objectives. This report can produce earned values, schedule and cost performance index, trend analysis, etc.

Question 85

86You are working for a cruise company as a project manager. Your company offers luxury tours to couples at a reasonable price. Currently, the company is considering adding more tours to a few other popular destinations during the holiday season in order to enhance traffic and profitability. Which risk response strategy are you using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Share

Exploit

Accept

Enhance

Answer 85

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The cruise company is using the enhance strategy to increase traffic and profitability. By influencing the underlying risk triggers, this strategy increases the size, probability, likelihood, and positive impact of an opportunity.

Question 86

87Your organization has outsourced a large portion of the activities of an ERP implementation project to a vendor. According to the contract, the vendor is supposed to review the design and code of any major component with the technical review group (TRG) of your organization. So far, the vendor has completed and deployed three major components without the approval of the TRG team. As a project manager, what should you do in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Terminate the contract immediately as the vendor has breached the contract

Stop payment for the components that were deployed without approval

Do not worry too much as the approval of the TRG is not that important

Issue a default letter to the vendor

Answer 86

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

When the vendor is not following the instructions stated in the contract, the project manager should inform the vendor that they are in default. Without informing the vendor about what they are doing wrong, you cannot terminate the contract. You also cannot simply stop payment.

Question 87

88You are having an issue with one of the manufacturing processes used to create the required parts for routers and switches that your company produces. Due to this major quality problem, only 15 percent of the parts manufactured have been within the control limits set by the manage quality team. Higher management asks you to review the process activities to determine where the process went wrong. Which type of diagram should you use?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Control chart

Pareto chart

Scatter diagram

Flow chart

Answer 87

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A flow chart is a graphical representation of a process to help analyze how problems occur and to identify potential process improvement opportunities. There are many styles, but all flowcharts show activities, decision points, the order of processing, points of complexity, and interrelationships between elements in the process.

Question 88

89A project manager is in the Plan Communications Management process of identifying the information and communication needs of the people involved in a project by determining what needs to be communicated, when, to whom, with what method, in which format, and how frequently. Which of the following is NOT a tool and technique in this process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Performance reporting

Communication requirement analysis

Communication methods

Communication technology

Answer 88

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Performance reporting is a tool and technique in the Manage Communications process, not in the Plan Communications Management process. Communication requirement analysis, communication methods, and communication technology are tools and techniques in the Plan Communications Management process.

Question 89

90To improve the proficiency of team members, it is very essential to coach and mentor them regularly. Which of the following can help the project manager ensure the effectiveness of coaching and mentoring?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Defining the communication management plan

Determining appropriate feedback

Dedication of the team members

Developing the ground rules

Answer 89

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Regular feedback helps in understanding the effectiveness of the coaching and mentoring and helps initiate actions required to improve further.

Question 90

91As an employee, working conditions, salary, status, and job security matter a lot to you, just like they do to your other coworkers. However, you feel that you will be more motivated and will contribute more if you are rewarded for your contribution to a project and given the opportunity to grow professionally. Which motivational theory does this refer to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory

Dr.William Ouchi’s Theory Z

Answer 90

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

According to Herzberg, destroying hygiene factors such as working conditions, salary, status, and security can destroy motivation, but improving them will not improve motivation. Hygiene factors are not sufficient to motivate people, and motivating agents provide the best positive reinforcement. Motivating people is best done by rewarding them and letting them grow.

Question 91

92While determining the funds needed for your project, you obtained historical information from previous projects to determine the price per square foot of carpeting and to calculate the cost of 20,000 square feet of carpeting that is required for this project. Which technique did you use to create the estimate?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Analogous estimating

Three-point estimating

Heuristic estimating

Parametric estimating

Answer 91

EXPLANATION

Parametric estimating is a technique that reviews historical data for statistical correlations. Variables are then used to estimate the costs in the current project. For example, if you know that the flooring installed in a similar project cost $1.50 per square foot, then the 20,000 square feet of flooring required for the new project would cost $30,000. Typically, this technique has been known to produce a high level of accuracy, but it will be costly due to the level of sophistication that is required to implement it. In most cases, the technique is performed when the performing organization has executed many similar projects, historical information is accurate, and the model used for the estimate is scalable.

Question 92

93The flexibility or total float in a schedule is measured by subtracting the early dates from the late dates. Which one of the following will help you identify the flexibility in your schedule?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Precedence diagramming method

Resource leveling

Critical path method (CPM)

Parametric estimating

Answer 92

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Critical path method (CPM) is a technique of schedule analysis that considers activity durations, logical relationships, dependencies, leads, lags, assumptions, and constraints to determine the float of each activity and the overall schedule. This method identifies the critical path with the least flexibility and the highest risk so that it can be managed appropriately.

Question 93

94You recently completed the SOW detailing the specifications and other requirements for an expensive item you would like to purchase for one of your projects. While working on the SOW, you identified some of the source selection criteria, terms and conditions, and the contract type that you want to use. Also, you put together some documents to solicit proposals from potential vendors. What tools and techniques will you use in the next process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Market research, make-or-buy analysis, and expert judgement

Bidder conference, proposal evaluation techniques, and advertising

Procurement audits, procurement negotiations, and records management system

Contract change control system, procurement performance reviews, and claims administration

Answer 93

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

You just finished the Plan Procurement Management process and should be moving to the next process of Conduct Procurements. In Conduct Procurements process, you should be obtaining and evaluating seller responses, selecting a seller, and awarding a contract. The tools and techniques you will be using in Conduct Procurement process are bidder conference, proposal evaluation techniques, and advertising.

Question 94

95An independent team from your organization has identified wasted steps that are not necessary for creating the product for your project. They have recommended a few actions for process improvement and have requested that some of the process documents be updated. Which of the following best describes what is being performed?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

They are performing manage quality activity.

They are performing quality control activity.

They are monitoring and controlling activities.

They are directing and managing project work.

Answer 94

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Perform manage quality is a process to determine if the project activities are complying with organizational and project policies, standards, processes, and procedures. This process is primarily concerned with overall process improvement and does not deal with inspecting the product for quality or measuring defects. The primary focus is on steadily improving the processes and activities undertaken to achieve quality.

Question 95

96Emotional Intelligence (EI) helps assess and understand the emotions of oneself and others so that conflicts are minimized. Besides, EI is used describe a key set of personal and interpersonal skills. What are the personal skills?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Self-awareness, Self actualization

Self-Motivation, Self-Regulation, Self-actualization

Self-awareness, Self-Regulation, Motivation

Self-actualization, Motivation

Answer 95

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

EI recognizes the personal skills of Self-awareness, Self-Regulation, and Motivation.

Question 96

97You have been managing a software application project to automate the accounting system for your client. Your team has completed work as specified in the contract statement of work. You get a call from the buyer that he is disappointed with the result, even though he admits that the project team has met the terms and conditions of the contract. In this situation, the contract is considered to be:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Complete

Waived

Closed

Null and Void

Answer 96

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

While the buyer may have had something they did not like, if the terms of the contract are complete, objectives are met, and the contract is complete. Anything else done for the customer would be service-related and would be outside the original scope.

Question 97

98You are a Project Manager of a software project that has finished the design stage and is moving to the implementation stage. At the end of the design phase, you got the document reviewed and you tracked and closed the defect logs. Also, as part of the design stage review and kick-off for the implementation phase, you checked current SPI and CPI and revisited the risks. What did you forget to do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Identify new risks for the next stage and update risk register

Take corrective and preventive actions from design review so that defects can be minimized

Conduct an impact analysis of the defects found during the design review

Communicate project-stage review findings to all the stakeholders

Answer 97

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The Project Manager needs to communicate project progress to stakeholders at all the major milestones. Option (a) would have been addressed during revisiting the risk as part of kick off meeting, whereas Options (b) and (c) are not mandatory activities and may not be required in every project.

Question 98

99While overseeing the development of a new wireless media streaming device, you notice that your team members are having significant difficulties resolving an issue that they have discovered during unit testing. After working on the issue for a week, the team members identify a number of possible causes for the issue and narrow them down to two main causes. You ask the team members to determine if there is any interdependency between these two causes that would necessitate further action. Which of the following tools would be the BEST to use in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Histogram

Flow chart

Scatter diagram

SWOT analysis

Answer 98

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

A scatter diagram is a tool and technique used in quality management processes to analyze two characteristics of a process and see if there is any interdependency between them. Based on the outcome of the scatter diagram, appropriate actions can be taken to improve quality.

Question 99

100It is essential that project team members demonstrate compliance to ethical and professional standards. These standards include responsibility, ________, fairness, and honesty
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Respect

Regulation

Temperament

Transaction

Answer 99

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The four core values defined in PMI Code of ethics and professional behavior that are to be demonstrated by project team members are responsibility, respect, fairness, and honesty.

Question 100

101You are overseeing a construction project to build identical custom houses. Your initial estimate suggests that each of the houses will take approximately two months to complete at a cost of $50,000. The sponsor strongly disagrees with your estimate. What is a reason for this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

You have not considered the law of diminishing returns.

You have not considered the learning curve.

You cannot estimate the time and cost until you complete one house.

The estimates are way too high.

Answer 100

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

According to the learning curve theory, when a large number of items are produced repetitively, productivity will increase but at a diminishing rate. Learning curve data indicates that as work is repeated, the time required to complete the work is reduced but the rate of improvement decreases. For instance, installing carpets in the fiftieth room in a construction project will take less time than it did in the first room due to increased efficiency as workers become more efficient with the installation procedure.

Question 101

102Depending on the specific business and business environment, there are various different compliance categories. Which of the following is not a compliance category?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Quality

Environmental Risk

Communication plan

Corrupt Practice

Answer 101

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Quality, Environmental Risks, Corrupt Practices, Social responsibility, Workplace health and safety, and Process risks are categories of compliance.

Question 102

103At the end of each iteration or sprint, teams organize and conduct sprint reviews to confirm and update the completion of the user stories that were planned to be delivered during the sprint. This results in the creation of capability that is defined as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

A release package

Potentially Shippable

A release unit

Potentially capable

Answer 102

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

During the sprint, the team focuses on completing the user stories planned, everything is done, and the capability is potentially shippable.

Question 103

104Steve, the project manager for an ERP implementation project, was asked by the client via a change request to delay the implementation of one of the modules by one week. What should Steve do first in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Instruct the team member responsible for the module to delay the implementation as per the client’s request

Deny the request as it will delay the entire project

Inform the sponsor about the change request

Evaluate the impact of the requested change

Answer 103

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The first thing the project manager should do upon receiving a change request is to evaluate the impact to project objectives such as scope, time, cost, quality, risk, resources, and others. The change request should then be submitted to the change control board for approval or rejection. Instructing the team member and informing the sponsor about the requested change would not be done prior to evaluating the impact of the requested change. Also, the project manager should make every effort to prevent changes in the project.

Question 104

105The cost baseline is displayed as an S-curve because of the way project spending occurs. This S-curve indicates that:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

The bulk of the project cost is spent during the initiating and the closing phases.

The cost starts off low, accelerates throughout the later phases of the project, and gradually slows down during the closing.

The project cost is directly proportional to the size of the project.

Projects run in a cycle

Answer 104

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The cost baseline is a time-phased budget used to monitor, measure, and control cost performance during the project. It is developed by summarizing costs over time and is usually displayed in the form of an S-curve. This suggests that the cost starts off low, accelerates throughout the later phases of the project, and gradually slows down during the closing.

Question 105

106A Project manager must foster a culture where team members establish and maintain good relationships with each other and engage effectively. Which of the following is NOT required to build the team?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Contract management

Conflict Management

Team building

Servant leadership

Answer 105

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The essential skills required to build the team include conflict management, cultural awareness, servant leadership, team building, facilitation, Negotiation, decision making, etc.

Question 106

107Which of the following can be used to manage and store all documents, correspondence, and communication relevant to a contract?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Lessons learned

Records management system

Audit reports

Procurement documentation

Answer 106

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Procurement documentation includes all documents, correspondence, performance, and communication relevant to a contract.

Question 107

108During the execution of a project, one of the team members was found to be sharing sensitive information related to the project with unauthorized stakeholders, which is considered a violation of the code of conduct. What would be the best course of action a project manager can take?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

The Project Manager should assess the situation and terminate the team member.

The Project Manager should assess the opportunities for remediation; based on the seriousness of the violation, action needs to be taken.

The Project Manager should evaluate why the team member shared the information.

The project manager should warn the team member and ensure this is not repeated.

Answer 107

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The project manager must assess whether there is a scope for remediation, based on the seriousness of the violation.

Question 108

109Retrospective is an event defined in the Agile framework that provides an opportunity to reflect upon performance and identify problems, resolutions, improvements, etc. The best model to run retrospective includes the following steps: Set the stage, Gather the data, Generate insights, and _____________.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Make Decisions and Close

Close and Communicate

Make Decisions, Communicate and Close

Close, Communicate and Confirm

Answer 108

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The best model to run retrospective includes the steps: Set the stage, Gather the data, Generate insights, Make decisions and Close.

Question 109

110You have a signed contract with one of your major vendors. The vendor recently informed you that they can no longer deliver equipment on the agreed due date. This will cause a major disaster in your project since you will have to wait at least three months for the vendor to deliver the equipment. You know that there is another vendor who can deliver the equipment for a small increase in costs. What will be your best course of action?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sue the vendor

Terminate the contract stating that it is for convenience

Terminate the contract with the vendor for defaulting

Give the vendor a time extension

Answer 109

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

A contract can be terminated for a convenience by the buyer. In this case, seller’s failure to deliver the equipment on time will drastically impact the project. So, the contract can be terminated with the vendor for defaulting.

Question 110

111According to McClelland’s Achievement Motivation theory, individuals who work best when cooperating with others and working in a team, seek to maintain good relationships and approval rather than recognition, and perform well in a customer-facing team position have a need for ________.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Power

Affiliation or association

Achievement

Self-actualization

Answer 110

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

According to McClelland’s Achievement Motivation theory, individuals who work best when cooperating with others and working in a team, seek to maintain good relationships and approval rather than recognition, and perform well in customer-facing team positions have a need for affiliation or association. People with a need for achievement should be given projects that are challenging but reachable. These people may prefer to work alone and also like recognition. People who like to organize and influence others have a need for power.

Question 111

112A stakeholder register contains stakeholder classification, identification, and assessment information. It also points out challenges related to working with the stakeholders as well as the project manager’s impression of their knowledge, skills, capabilities, and attitudes. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the stakeholder register?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It should be accessible to all the team members and stakeholders.

It should be accessible only to the sponsor.

A project manager may publish it with other project documentation or keep it in reserve for personal use only.

It should be accessible only to the PMO.

Answer 111

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Since a stakeholder register contains sensitive information, a project manager may publish it with other project documentation or keep it in reserve for personal use only.

Question 112

113While reviewing the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix, you notice that one of the important stakeholders is at an unaware state at the moment and has no clue about what is going on in your project. As this stakeholder can contribute significantly to your project success, you decide to bring him to a “supportive” or “leading” state. Which of the following will help you to achieve your goal with this stakeholder?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Send him regular reports on the project and its benefits

Offer him a paid vacation in Hawaii in exchange for his support

Assign top priorities to his expectations, concerns, and issues

Involve him in some project activities

Answer 112

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Involving stakeholders in some project activities is a good way to bring them to a supportive or a leading state.

Question 113

114The higher management in your organization is very averse to risk. While planning the procurement strategy, you would like to make sure that you select the contract type that will have the least risk for the organization. Which of the following contract options will be best in this scenario?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Cost reimbursable

Fixed price with economic price adjustment

Fixed price

Time and material

Answer 113

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Fixed price contract will be the best option in this case as this type of contract will have less risk for the buyer and most risk for the seller.

Question 114

115You are responsible for delivering a few expensive pieces of equipment to a hospital in a foreign country. As per the agreement, your company is responsible for moving the equipment all the way to the nineteenth floor of the client’s premises. Your local contact informs you that you need to pay a certain fee to the lift operator for coordinating the movement of the equipment through the elevator to the specific floor at night. What should you do in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Pay the fee

Have a discussion with the customer and express your concern about the bribe

Consider the fee a bribe and refuse to pay it

Hire a local subcontractor to arrange the delivery

Answer 114

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

You should pay the fee since the fee has a valid purpose and should not be considered a bribe.

Question 115

116Regular evaluation of the team performance is required to identify training requirements and evaluate training options. Which of the following is NOT a training option?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Self-Paced Learning

Document Reviews

Virtual Instructor-led training

Training gap analysis

Answer 115

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Self-Paced Learning, Document Reviews, and Virtual Instructor-led training are all training options. Training gap analysis enables to identify the missing skills and capabilities.

Question 116

117Your management has asked you to lead a team to negotiate and finalize a deal with one of the vendors. While negotiating, you will NOT be focused on:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Developing a good understanding and relationship with the seller

Obtaining a fair and reasonable price for the product, service, or result

Obtaining the lowest possible price and commitment for the shortest project duration from the vendor

Discovering and dealing with disputes as much as possible prior to signing the contract

Answer 116

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

You should always try to have a win-win situation. The lowest possible price and shortest possible duration will put the vendor in an extremely difficult situation and increase the potential for failure. Your main objective of negotiation will be to build trust, obtain a fair and reasonable price that both parties are comfortable with, and uncover the points of conflict and dispute prior to final contract signing.

Question 117

118You are overseeing a large data center project and have requested bids from several vendors to procure numerous networking devices such as routers, switches, firewalls, PCs, servers, etc. You decide to go for the lowest bidder since all the bidders are offering devices from the same manufacturer. Senior management suggests that you conduct a bidder conference prior to selecting a specific seller. Which of the following mandatory standards in the PMI code of ethics and professional conduct will the bidder conference satisfy?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Respect

Honesty

Fairness

Responsibility

Answer 117

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The bidder conference is also called the contractor conference, vendor conference, or pre-bid conference. It is intended to assure that no seller receives preferential treatment and that all sellers have a clear, common understanding of the procurement process. The key objective is to provide all potential contractors with the information they need to determine if they would like to continue with the contracting process. The bidder conference will ensure the mandatory standard of fairness in the PMI code of ethics and professional conduct by making the opportunity equally available to all qualified vendors.

Question 118

119While reviewing a deliverable due today to the customer, you noticed a technical defect. Upon further inspection, you realize that even though the deliverable fails to meet the project quality standards, it fully satisfies the contractual requirements. You are aware that the customer does not have the domain knowledge and technical expertise to notice the defect. The team member responsible for this deliverable tells you that fixing the defect will be time consuming and superfluous. What is your best course of action?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Contact the customer immediately and inform them that the deliverable will be late due to some unavoidable consequences

Make sure that the issue is captured in the lessons learned so that future projects can benefit from this

Have a discussion with the customer about the issue with the deliverable

Do not mention anything and get formal acceptance from the customer

Answer 118

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

You should have a discussion with the customer about any issue with the deliverable so that a mutual solution can be identified. Capturing the issue in the lessons learned will not solve the current problem. Issuing the deliverable as is and getting the formal acceptance will not serve the best interests of the customer.

Question 119

120You are overseeing a project to implement a new computer infrastructure at the local hospital. You are finding it difficult to evaluate the exact cost impact of some risks identified in the project. In this kind of situation, you should consider evaluating on a _______.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Numerical basis

Quantitative basis

Qualitative basis

Forecast basis

Answer 119

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

If you cannot estimate the value of the impact, you can utilize qualitative estimates such as low, medium, and high. Qualitative Risk Analysis is the process of prioritizing risk by assessing and combining their probability of occurrence and impact to the project if they occur. This fast, relatively easy to perform, and cost-effective process ensures that the right emphasis is on the right risk areas as per their ranking and priority and helps to allocate adequate time and resources for them. Even though numbers are used for the rating in the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process, it is a subjective evaluation and should be performed throughout the project.

Question 120

121You have been managing a top-secret government project, which has been progressing as planned until recently. Suddenly, one of your team members calls and informs you that the project has encountered an unexpected major problem that was not included in the risk register. What should be your first course of action?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Take corrective and preventive actions

Update the risk management plan

Create a workaround

Create a fallback plan

Answer 120

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Since the problem has occurred, the first thing you should do as project manager is address the risk by creating a workaround. Once the issue is addressed, you may need to reevaluate your risk identification process, look for unexpected effects of the problem, inform management, update the risk management plan, create a fallback plan, and take corrective and preventative actions.

Question 121

122While overseeing a web-based application project, you notice that one of the team members is extremely dedicated to the project and is a consistent overachiever. In order to appreciate her contribution to the project, you offer her a corner office where she can concentrate on her work without much interruption. This kind of reward is a:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Perquisite

Fringe benefit

Special achievement award

Bribe

Answer 121

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Giving special rewards to some employees, such as assigned parking spaces, corner offices, and executive dining, are considered perquisites. Fringe benefits are the standard benefits formally given to all employees, such as education benefits, health insurance, and profit sharing.

Question 122

123It is important to realize that stakeholders play a major role in project success. Which of the following is NOT necessary to ensure that stakeholders’ expectations are managed properly throughout the life of a project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Build trust with the stakeholders

Resolve conflicts among the stakeholders

Actively listen to the stakeholders’ concerns

Convey ground rules to the stakeholders

Answer 122

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A project manager should actively listen to the stakeholders’ concerns, resolve conflicts among the stakeholders, and build trust. The project manager should convey the ground rules to the team members, not to the stakeholders.

Question 123

124One of your team members informs you that she has identified a design defect that will delay the project by two weeks. You check the risk register and realize that no response plan for this situation had been documented. What action should you take FIRST?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Replace the team member who made the mistake in design

Call the customer immediately and inform them about the situation

Contact the sponsor for advice

Evaluate the impact and brainstorm options with the team members

Answer 123

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

In this kind of situation, you should always find out details of the design defect before you have a discussion with the sponsor or the customer. The first thing you should do is to evaluate the impact of the design defect and have a brainstorming session with the team members on possible solutions.

Question 124

125For effective evaluation of virtual team engagement, a project manager defines the guidelines based on Project Management best practices. This involves tracking the progress, conducting daily stand-up meetings, using appropriate tools, and ___________.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Retrospective

Timeboxing the meeting

Sprint Planning

Sprint Review

Answer 124

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Timeboxing the meeting involves having a clear agenda, defining objectives and approach for the meeting, identification of attendees and action items, and adjourning the meeting promptly.

Question 125

126You recently awarded a contract to a vendor after rigorous negotiation. You realize that you have missed a few important clauses that you wanted to include in the contract. You decide to modify the contract and include time is of the essence and retainage clauses. How should you proceed in this case?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

You should proceed with a contract change control system at your end.

You should inform the seller about the change through a formal written communication.

You should have an urgent meeting with the seller to discuss the change.

It is too late to make any changes in the contract as it is legally binding and cannot be modified once signed.

Answer 125

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The only way to modify a contract is through a formal, written change request. This change request then follows the formal contract change control process. Contract change control system is a tool and technique in the Control Procurements process that defines the process by which procurements can be modified. It includes change procedures, forms, dispute resolution processes, necessary paperwork, required authorizations, tracking systems, and other items.

Question 126

127You are managing a project to build a new plant for a semiconductor company. You just found out that the entire site was badly affected by a severe tornado, and your newly developed structures were destroyed. Your client demands that you continue work despite the disaster and refuses to take any responsibility for the damage or allow you a time extension. You reviewed the contract and found a clause that states that you are not responsible for any more work. This is referred to as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

An indemnification clause

A mitigation clause

An arbitration clause

A force majeure clause

Answer 126

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The Force majeure clause states that if a natural disaster such as fire, hurricane, freak electrical storm, or tornado occurs, the event will be an allowable cause for either party for not meeting contractual obligations, as the event is neither party’s fault. These disasters are considered to be acts of God; in most cases, you should receive a time extension, and the damage should be covered by insurance.

Question 127

128You are approaching the end of your project and are asked to release the resources so that they can be assigned to other projects. Before releasing the resources, you want to make sure that you have completed certain necessary actions. Which of the following is the correct order of actions that you should take during the Closing process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Get final acceptances, hand over the deliverables, write lessons learned, and ensure customer satisfaction

Get formal acceptances, release the team, write lessons learned, and close the contract

Write lessons learned, release the team, get formal acceptances, and close the contract

Release the team, get formal acceptances, close the contract, and write lessons learned

Answer 127

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Releasing the team members is not a part of closing process.

Question 128

129Your team members have sent you their weekly updates on the deliverables they are working on. While reviewing updates from the team members, you find out that the CPI = 1.1 and SPI = 1. What should you do next with the results of your analysis?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Distribute the results to project stakeholders as per your communications management plan

Since the project is on track, you do not have to do anything at this time

Find out where you can spend the money that was saved

Instruct the team members to improve their time

Answer 128

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

When the project manager ascertains the current project status, it should be communicated to the project stakeholders as per the communications management plan.

Question 129

130A project manager overseeing an age verification online tool is in the Control Procurements process of ensuring that the seller’s performance meets contractual requirements, ensuring that both seller and buyer meet their contractual obligations, and ensuring that the legal rights of both the buyer and seller are protected. Which of the following tools and techniques is not used in this process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Claims administration

Procurement performance review

Inspection and audits

Procurement negotiation

Answer 129

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Procurement negotiation is a tool and technique in the Conduct Procurements process, not in the Control Procurements process

Question 130

131Which of the following integration management processes is responsible for implementing process improvement activities?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Direct and Manage Project Work

Monitor and Control Project Work

Develop Project Charter

Perform Integrated Change Control

Answer 130

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Process improvement activities, including corrective actions, preventive actions, and defect repairs, are implemented in the Direct and Manage Project Work process.

Question 131

132You have been assigned to create a diagram that will demonstrate the logical relationships that exist between activities. You are also asked to display how long the project activities will take. Which of the following methods will you utilize to achieve this goal?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Pareto chart

CPM

Check sheet

PDM

Answer 131

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

CPM is a technique of schedule analysis that evaluates the activity duration, logical relationships, dependency, leads, lags, assumptions, and constraints to determine the float of each activity and the overall schedule. This method identifies the critical path with the least flexibility and the highest risk so that it can be managed appropriately. The critical path duration is the longest path in the network diagram and the shortest amount of time the project will take to complete.

Question 132

133You recently took over a project from a senior project manager who just left the company. You realize that several team members lack critical skills to carry out the project activities. The previous manager also mentioned that many of the team members will need specialized training. Which of the following actions should you take next to identify the appropriate training for the team members?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Refer to the PMBOK Guide

Review the WBS and WBS dictionary

Analyze the responsibility assignment matrix

Refer to the resource management plan

Answer 132

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

To identify the appropriate training for the team members, you should refer to the resource management plan as it identifies the training needs and certification requirements of the team members.

Question 133

134Scrum, an agile practices, uses ceremonies that help in establishing the cadence of meeting and preparing the report of the project as it progresses. The agile ceremonies include Sprint Planning, Daily Stand-up, Sprint Review and __________.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sprint Retrospective

Sprint iterations

Scrum Retrospective

Scrum iterations

Answer 133

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Sprint Planning, Daily Stand-up, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective are Agile ceremonies defined in Scrum.

Question 134

135A cost plus incentive fee (CPIF) contract has an estimated cost of $250,000 with a predetermined fee of $15,000. If the seller can save the buyer any money, the sharing ratio will be 75/25 (buyer/seller). The maximum fee is $24,000, and the minimum fee is $8,000. The actual cost of the project is $225,000. What will be the final fee for the seller and the total savings for the buyer?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

$21,250, $18,750

$15,000, $25,000

$25,000, $20,000

None of the above

Answer 134

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Here target cost = $250,000, and actual cost = $225,000. Thus, savings = $250,000 - $225,000 = $25,000. Seller portion of savings is 25 % of $25,000 = $6,250. Buyer portion of savings is 75 % of $25,000 = $18,750. Final fee for seller is $15,000 - $6,250 = $21,250. Thus, total cost for the buyer is $225,000 + $21,250 = $246,250.

Question 135

136As a project manager, you have managed several projects in your organization. You notice that not all the projects are given the proper support and importance from higher management. You also notice that projects get terminated while they are in progress due to other higher-priority projects in the organization. You will be managing an IT project soon and want to make sure that your project will get the required support from the organization. What will be your best course of action?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Make sure that the project meets the personal objectives of the sponsor

Communicate the project details and benefits to higher management on a regular basis

Align your project with strategic organizational objectives and goals

Justify that your project should be the highest-priority project in the organization

Answer 135

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Aligning the project with strategic objectives will assist in both managing the effort as well as ensuring that benefits of the project are valuable to the organization.

Question 136

137While managing an ERP project, you realize the targeted project end date will be delayed by several days. Upon further investigation, you identify some activities that can be performed in parallel. You also realize that you have not fully utilized some of your resources in the project. What will be the BEST course of action in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Apply leads and lags

Apply resource leveling

Apply fast tracking and crashing

Develop a new project schedule

Answer 136

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Fast Tracking and Crashing a schedule are techniques used to evaluate the Critical Path and relationships between tasks to optimize a schedule.

Question 137

138Which of the following is NOT true about the goal and objective of a bidding conference?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

All questions are submitted in writing and issued to sellers as an addendum to the procurement document so that all sellers respond to the same scope of work.

There is no collusion among sellers and/or buying agents.

Sellers do not save questions for later private meetings in order to gain a competitive advantage.

The seller who is best capable of performing the project work is selected.

Answer 137

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A bidder conference is an open dialogue dealing with questions and clarifications around an RFP. Selecting a seller is done through an internal process after proposals are submitted to the RFP.

Question 138

139In a negotiated cost plus incentive fee (SPIF) contract, the following figures were finalized: a target cost of $355,000, a target fee of $45,000, and a sharing ratio of 75/25. If the actual cost of the project is $390,000, what will be the final fee to the seller?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

36250

8750

35000

45000

Answer 138

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Actual cost is 390,000, Target cost is 355,000, Target fee is 45,000, and Savings is -35,000. Seller’s share is -35,000*.25 = -8,750. The incentive fee is the -8,750. Therefore, the final fee should be -8750 + 45,000 = 36,250.

Question 139

140In the data center project that you are managing, you identified several internal and external restrictions or limitations that will affect the performance of a process within the project. Which of the following BEST identifies these issues?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project assumptions

Project scope

Project requirement

Project constraint

Answer 139

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Project constraints are known limitations on a project relating to schedule, cost, quality, resources, etc.

Question 140

141You have been assigned to identify the key stakeholders for an internal project that has recently been formally approved. Which of the following is your starting point?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project charter

Business case

Statement document

Procurement document

Answer 140

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The project charter is the initial document that describes the scope, project manager assignment, business case, expectations, and assumptions and constraints. It is the first document that describes the project

Question 141

142Every team member comes from different backgrounds and experiences. A project manager should engage with them to understand these diversities and ensure team effectiveness. What are the various diversities a project manager should consider?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Expectation, Energy, and Ego

Experience, Expectation, and Availability

Experience, Age, and Culture

Availability, Adherence, and Age

Answer 141

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Experience, Age, and Culture are the typical considerations to be made while understanding the diversities of the project team members.

Question 142

143Your team has estimated that there is a 40 percent probability of a delay in the receipt of required parts with an additional cost of $15,000 to the project. This delay will cost the company $20,000 in lost business. Upon further investigation, you identified that if an existing component could be adapted, it would save the project $10,500 in engineering costs. There is a 30 Percent probability that the team can take advantage of that opportunity. What is the total expected monetary value (EMV) of these two events?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

10850

-10850

14000

3150

Answer 142

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

EMV is a form of decision tree analysis used to select the best of several alternative courses of action. Each decision note has an input based on the cost and its probability, which produces an output. In this case, one of the branches of the decision tree would be a 40% chance of an $15,000 in additional costs and a resultant loss of $20,000 in revenue, so the total impact would be .4 * (-$15,000 + -$20,000) = -$14,000 . The other branch for the new component has $10,500 in cost savings, so the net effect is $10,500 * .3 = $3,150. We add the -$14,000 and the $3,1,50 to get the Expected Monetary Value of both decision tree paths, which equals -$10,850

Question 143

144You are overseeing a project to implement a payroll application and are currently in the Identify Risks process of identifying and documenting the projects risks. Which of the following information gathering techniques is NOT used in the Identify Risks process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Checklist analysis

The Delphi technique

Interviewing

Brainstorming

Answer 143

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Delphi technique is not used in identify risk process. Delphi technique is a secret balloting typically used while gathering information. This can be used before unanimity under the voting technique while collecting requirements.

Question 144

145Which of the following is TRUE about stakeholders?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Only the stakeholders who can positively impact the project should be listed in the stakeholder register.

Stakeholder identification is a continuous and sometimes strenuous process.

Change requests from the stakeholders with the most influence should be given the highest priority.

Stakeholders should be given extras in order to meet and exceed expectations.

Answer 144

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Stakeholders are identified throughout the life of the project. While attempts are made to identify all stakeholders early in the effort, realistically stakeholders will be identified throughout the entire life cycle.

Question 145

146Which process is MOST closely associated with continuous process improvement?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

Manage quality

Control Quality

Plan Quality Management

Answer 145

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Manage quality is the process of determining if the project activities comply with organizational and project policies, standards, processes, and procedures. This process is primarily concerned with overall process improvement and does not deal with inspecting the product for quality or measuring defects. The primary focus is on steadily improving the processes and activities undertaken to achieve quality. The key functionalities in this process are: Identify ineffective and inefficient activities or processes used on the project Perform continuous improvement as appropriate Perform quality audit to determine if project activities comply with organization and project policies, processes, and procedures Identify required improvements, gaps, and shortcomings in the processes Identify and correct deficiencies Recommend changes and corrective actions to integrated change control

Question 146

147You are trying to identify and categorize as many potential risks as possible in the mission critical project that you are overseeing. Which of the following will NOT help you with your effort?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Root cause analysis

Brainstorming

SWOT analysis

Risk register

Answer 146

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

SWOT analysis and information gathering techniques such as brainstorming and root cause analysis technique are used in the Identify Risks process in order to identify and categorize potential risks in the project. Risk register is an output of the Identify risks process.

Question 147

148The cost of developing a product fix is related to which costs of quality category?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

A prevention cost

An internal failure cost

An appraisal cost

An external failure cost

Answer 147

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

A product fix will require rework, and the cost associated with it will fall under the cost of nonconformance, that is, internal failure cost category.

Question 148

149Which of the following statements is FALSE about qualified sellers list in a project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It is a list of preapproved or prequalified prospective sellers interested in and capable of doing contract services for the organization.

It is a part of the project management plan.

It is a list of prescreened sellers.

It is a tool in the Conduct Procurement process.

Answer 148

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A qualified sellers list is a list of preapproved or prequalified prospective sellers interested in and capable of doing contract services for the organization. Prequalified sellers for a project are entered into the procurement management plan, which is a part of the project management plan, as an output of the plan Procurement process. The qualified seller list is used as an input in the Conduct Procurement process, not as a tool and technique.

Question 149

150The change control board just approved a change request to modify one of the major deliverables. In which process will this change be implemented?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Perform Integrated Change Control

Monitor and Control Project Work

Close Project or Phase

Direct and Manage Project Work

Answer 149

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

An approved change request for corrective actions, preventive actions, and defect repairs will be implemented in the Direct and Manage Project Work process.

Question 150

151You have been assigned as a project manager for a project expected to last five months. The project has a budget of $450,000 and should be implemented in three different departments in your organization. While reviewing the status of the project after two months, you find that the project is 35 percent complete. Which of the following statements is TRUE about your project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Your project is on schedule.

Your project is behind schedule.

Your project is ahead of schedule.

You cannot determine if your project is behind or ahead of schedule from the information given

Answer 150

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The project is 5 months long, so you are scheduled to complete 20 percent of the work every month. We know PV=BACplanned % complete After two months, the planned value (PV) should be $450,00040% = $180,000 We know EV=BACactual % complete After two months, you completed 35% of the work, so the earned value (EV) is $450,00035%=$157,500 We know SPI=EV/AC=157,000/180,000=.875

Question 151

152Your organization has the resources only to work on one of two potential projects and decides to use the net present value (NPV) to assess and select the best project for the organization. Project Alpha has an NPV of $45,000 and Project Beta has an NPV of $60,000. Project Alpha will take 3 years to complete and Project Beta will take 4 years. What will be the opportunity cost of the project chosen?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

60000

45000

25000

105000

Answer 151

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The opportunity cost reflects the cost of the foregone solution. By selecting Project Beta, which has a higher NPV, you are foregoing the opportunity to complete Project Alpha with an NPV of $45,000.

Question 152

153Project teams involve various stages of development. What is the correct order of various team development stages?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning

Forming, Norming, Performing, Storming, Adjourning

Forming, Performing, Storming, Norming Adjourning

Forming, Storming, Performing, Norming Adjourning

Answer 152

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning is the correct order of various stages of team development.

Question 153

154You have been appointed as a project manager in a hospital. While working on a project, you find that your employer is violating several codes issued by the local health department. What should be your first action in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Have a discussion with your employer to find out if they are aware of the violations

Immediately resign from the company

Immediately inform the local health department about the violations

Do not worry about it since it is none of your business.

Answer 153

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The best option is to verify your observation by having a discussion with your employer about the violations and learn about the employer’s perspective.

Question 154

155A project comes to halt when team members come across impediments, obstacles, and blockers. Which of the following does not describe an impediment, obstacle, or blocker?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team is unable decide upon the folder to store documents.

Team is unable to assess the root cause due to limited capability

There are insufficient user licenses to access the testing tool.

The team is able to communicate with stakeholders.

Answer 154

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A team communicating with stakeholders does not represent an impediment, obstacle, or blocker.

Question 155

156Higher management has assigned you as the project manager very early in the project life cycle for a very critical project. You are asked to start working on the project charter immediately. Which of the following activities will you NOT be performing?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Develop the scope statement document

Identify and document high-level risks

Identify project constraints and assumptions

Perform order of magnitude estimating

Answer 155

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

A project charter identifies high-level business objectives and needs, current understanding of the stakeholders’ expectations, and the new product, service, or result. The project budget and the cost baseline will be finalized and accepted in the planning process group.

Question 156

157You are a project manager struggling with your communication skills. You like to keep to yourself unless prompted for your input. On the other hand, Steve is highly regarded by everyone and very well liked. You consider Steve to be your role model as he is capable of getting others to see his way on many issues. What type of power does Steve possess?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Expert power

Reward power

Referent power

Legitimate power

Answer 156

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Reference power is based on referring to someone in a higher position to leverage some of the superior’s power. This power is also based on the charismatic personality of the project manager and the respect that he engenders.

Question 157

158While managing an ERP solution implementation project, you realize that you are not utilizing your resources evenly in the project. You find out that you are using almost all of your resources in some work weeks and hardly using any in some other work weeks. You consider moving around some of the activities and resources so that you can utilize your resources evenly throughout the project life cycle. Which of the following techniques would you use?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Fast tracking

Crashing

Resource leveling

Critical chain

Answer 157

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Resource leveling is used to produce a resource-limited schedule by letting the schedule slip and cost increase in order to deal with a limited amount of resources, resource availability, and other resource constraints. It can be used when shared or critically required resources are only available at certain times in limited quantities or when resources have been over-allocated. You may have several peaks and valleys in your resource histogram. In order to level the resources, evenly utilize them as much as possible, or keep resource usage at a constant level; you can move some of activities from the week when you are using a lot of resources to a week when you are hardly using any.

Question 158

159Ashley, a senior project manager, recently took over a project from another project manager who just left the company. Ashley was surprised to find out that there was no change control board to review, approve, or deny a change request for the project. Upon further investigation, she found that there was no organizational change control board to manage changes for the entire organization. What should Ashley do in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Carry on with the change request without a change control board

Establish a change control board for her project

Make all the decisions about the requested changes herself with the help of the team members

Ask the sponsor to approve or deny the change requests

Answer 158

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

A change control board (CCB) consists of stakeholders, managers, project team members, senior management, and other people, and it is responsible for reviewing, approving, or denying change requests. Some organizations have permanent CCB staffed by full-time employees to manage changes for the entire organization, not only for the project. The project manager should consider establishing a CCB for the project if the organization does not have one.

Question 159

160As a project manager, you have collected information about Sabrina, a team member, from multiple sources, including other team members and management staff. You have identified several areas for improvement for Sabrina that you want to discuss with her. You are particularly concerned that Sabrina is having a lot of conflicts with other team members. During your one-on-one meeting, both of you agree on a training program to address the conflicts with other team members. You ensure that Sabrina understands she needs to submit her status and progress reports at the beginning of every week. Which action are you currently engaged in with Sabrina?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Observation and conversation

Project performance appraisal

Team performance assessment

Conflict management

Answer 159

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

While performing project performance appraisal, the project management team meets with the team members and provides feedback about team members’ performance and how effectively they are performing their tasks. 360 degree feedback provides feedback from different sources, including peers, superiors, and subordinates, and sometimes includes vendors and external contractors.

Question 160

161There is an issue with one of the manufacturing processes that is used to create the required parts for routers and switches that your company produces. What should you use to identify the cause of this issue and the effect it may have on your project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Continuous improvement

Histogram

Ishikawa diagram

Flow chart

Answer 160

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Ishikawa diagram or cause and effect diagram is a tool used to systematically identify and present all the possible causes and sub-causes of a particular problem in a graphical format. It can help in quality control by identifying the causes that contribute to a specific quality problem. Cause and effect diagrams are particularly useful for identifying the causes of risks.

Question 161

162While creating the stakeholder register, you realize that some of the stakeholders can negatively impact your project. Which of the following elements should you NOT include in your stakeholder register?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

List of key expectations identified for each stakeholder

Contact information of the stakeholders

A rating of the stakeholders’ impact and influence on the project

A plan to increase support and minimize obstruction for each stakeholder

Answer 161

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Stakeholder register contains all details related to the identified stakeholders including but not limited to: Stakeholder classification: Internal/external, neutral/resistor/supporter, and others. Identification information: Name, title, location, organization, role in the project, position, and contact information. Assessment information: Key requirements and expectations, potential impact, importance, and influence on the project. Stakeholder management plan, an output of the Plan Stakeholder Engagement process, contains stakeholder management strategy. The stakeholder management strategy defines an approach to manage stakeholders throughout the entire project life cycle. It defines the strategies to increase the support of the stakeholders who can impact the project positively and minimize the negative impact or intentions of the stakeholders who can negatively impact the project.

Question 162

163What are the end results of the Plan Quality Management process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Quality control measurements, validated changes, and change request

Quality management plan, quality metrics, and project document updates

Quality management plan, quality checklist, and quality control measurements

Work performance information, quality management plan, and process improvement plan

Answer 162

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Plan Quality Management is the process of identifying all the relevant quality requirements, specifications, and standards for the project and product and specifying how the specifications will be met. Quality management plan, quality metrics, and project document updates are the outputs of this process.

Question 163

164While managing a project, you discovered that a few of your team members are not getting along. You also realized that three team members are not sure how to complete their deliverables. All of your team members are working together in the same building. You also have regular weekly meeting with all the team members in a single meeting room. Which technique will NOT be helpful in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

War room

Training

Reward and recognition

Negotiation

Answer 163

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Colocation/war room is a technique of placing many or all of the most active project team members in the same physical location to enhance their ability to perform as a team. Since all the team members are in the same building and having meetings in the same meeting room most of the time already, colocation is not a technique we should be considering in this case. Other techniques listed here will be beneficial to resolve conflict and concerns about deliverables.

Question 164

165When conflict occurs in a project, it has to be resolved following a specific approach based on the conflict type. Which of the following is NOT a conflict resolution technique?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Collaborate

Accept

Compromise

Smooth

Answer 164

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Collaborate, Compromise, Smooth, Force, and Withdraw are the conflict resolution techniques.

Question 165

166Active involvement of the project stakeholders is essential to ensure that information and knowledge is shared regularly so that better visibility of the project status can be obtained. The team also builds trust while engaging regularly. Which of the following is most effective at building trust among stakeholders?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Communication

Contribution

Collaboration

Connection

Answer 165

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Effective collaboration builds trust among stakeholders.

Question 166

167Your sponsor is not happy with the cost estimate you submitted for a construction project. The sponsor suggested that you come up with an exceptionally accurate cost estimate at your earliest convenience. What will be your best course of action in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Use the historical information from a similar project and make adjustments for known differences

Use a rule of thumb estimate

Perform a cost aggregation for raw materials and labor for each activity in the WBS

Use the three-point estimate technique

Answer 166

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Cost aggregation describes the bottom-up estimate, which will provide the most accurate estimate in this case. Other estimates, such as heuristic and analogous estimates, are very quick but are not very accurate. Three-point estimate is also not the best option in this scenario.

Question 167

168You are overseeing the ERP implementation project that will cost the company $1 million and will take three years to complete. Six months into the project, higher management decides to terminate your project as it finds an off-the-shelf solution that can be implemented in three months at a fraction of the planned cost. What is the first thing you should do in a situation when your project no longer seems commercially viable for the company?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Conduct scope verification

Release the team immediately

Document the lessons learned

Have an urgent meeting with the sponsor to discuss the situation

Answer 167

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

A project can be terminated at any time due to a specific reason or convenience. The project manager should conduct a scope verification to measure the amount of completed work up to the cancellation. Other steps can be taken once the scope verification is completed and the project manager has the details of the current situation.

Question 168

169You are overseeing a software project to develop a new video console game. Which of the following statements is TRUE about your project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

A phase will not start until the deliverables for the previous phase have been reviewed and approved.

Your internal and external stakeholders will have the same level of influence throughout your project.

Any scope change during the initial phase of the project will be very time consuming and expensive.

You will be acquiring several team members during the executing phase.

Answer 168

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Your project can move into a subsequent phase even if the deliverables of the prior phase are not completely approved. Any scope change in the initial stage will be the least expensive and consume the least amount of time. Stakeholder influence is highest at the start and diminishes as the project proceeds. You will mostly acquire your team members during the executing phase.

Question 169

170While overseeing a new smartphone application development project, you notice that your team is measuring the quality of an item on a pass/fail basis. Which of the following methods is the team using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Mutual exclusivity

Statistical independence

Normal distribution

Attribute sampling

Answer 169

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Attribute sampling is a method of measuring quality that involves observing the presence (or absence) of some characteristics (attributes) in each of the units under consideration to determine whether to accept the lot, reject it, or inspect another lot.

Question 170

171You decide to use a technique called rolling wave planning in your web-based insurance and tax payment application project. Which of the following may be your key reason for selecting this technique?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

To prioritize project activities

To achieve the appropriate level of detail in each work package at the right time

To sequence project activities

To estimate the duration of project activities

Answer 170

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Rolling wave planning takes the progressive elaboration approach and plans current/near term work in great detail, while future work is planned in a more abstract and less detailed way.

Question 171

172Your PMO stipulates that plurality support is the minimum level of support for any major decision in a project. You disagree with a block of supporters on a plan to purchase a piece of expensive equipment for your project. This block is larger than any other in your team even though it is only 45 percent of the total team. What should you do in this kind of situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Have an urgent meeting with the sponsor

Insist that any major decision should be supported by more than 50 percent of the team

Do nothing as the PMO permits decisions to be made by a plurality rather than a majority

Ask PMO to reevaluate their policy

Answer 171

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Plurality is a group decision-making technique where a decision is based on the largest block in a group even if a majority is not achieved. As PMO permits plurality, you have no option but to agree with the largest block in a group. Asking PMO to reevaluate their policy will not resolve the problem immediately.

Question 172

173You have been assigned as a project manager for an ongoing project and asked to provide activity duration estimates as soon as possible. You are surprised to find out that there is no detailed information available on the project. You explore your organizational process assets and identify a few similar projects that had been completed in the past. Which of the following tools are you using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Analogous estimate

Three-point estimate

Heuristic estimate

One point estimate

Answer 172

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

An analogous estimate measures project parameters such as budget, size, complexity, and duration based on the parameters of a previous, similar project and historical information. It is usually done during an early phase of the project when not much information is available.

Question 173

174A control chart measures the results of processes over time, displays them in a graph format, and measures variances to determine whether process variances are in control or out of control. The upper and lower control limits are usually set as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

+-6 Sigma - 99.99985 percent of the occurrences will fall within 6 sigma from the mean

+-3 Sigma - 99.73 percent of the occurrences will fall within 3 sigma from the mean

+-2 Sigma - 94.46 percent of the occurrences will fall within 2 sigma from the mean

+-1 Sigma - 68.26 percent of the occurrences will fall within 1 sigma from the mean

Answer 173

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Upper and lower control limits are usually set as +-3 Sigma. 97.73 percent of the occurrences will fall within 3 sigma from the mean.

Question 174

175The constant contribution by team members results in the continual delivery of the project outputs and outcomes that compliment project objectives. Which of the following are important for making team members more proficient?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Coaching and Mentoring

Collaboration and Controlling

Training and Evaluation

Communication and Controlling

Answer 174

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Coaching and mentoring helps team members to become more proficient.

Question 175

176You are overseeing a project to implement an online travel package reservation system that has 6 sponsors and 13 stakeholders. You want to make sure that your project stakeholders receive the correct version of the product. Which of the following plans will you use to specify how versioning information will be tracked?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Quality management plan

Scope management plan

Change management plan

Configuration management plan

Answer 175

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Configuration management plan is a subset of the project management information system (PMIS) that describes the different versions and characteristics of the product, service, or result of the project and ensures accuracy and completeness of the description.

Question 176

177Workarounds, or unplanned responses to emerging risks that were previously unidentified or accepted, are determined during _______.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Plan Risk Management process

Monitor Risks process

Plan Risk Responses process

Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis process

Answer 176

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The project must be in the Monitor Risks process if risks have occurred. Workarounds are unplanned responses developed to deal with the occurrence of unanticipated risk events that were not included in the risk register.

Question 177

178There are 36 communication channels in your project. How many members do you have in your team?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

9

10

36

18

Answer 177

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Number of communication channels = n(n-1)/2, where n= number of members in the team, so 9(9-1)/2 = 72/2 = 36 You have 9 members in the team to have 36 communication channels.

Question 178

179While identifying risks in your project, your team cannot find an efficient way to reduce the impact and probability or to insure against one of the risks. The relevant work is integral to the project; thus, you cannot simply remove the work package. There is no suitable company to outsource the work to either. What is the best course of action in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Identify ways to transfer the risk

Accept the risk and have contingency reserves

Identify ways to avoid the risk

Keep looking for ways to mitigate the probability and impact of the risk

Answer 178

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Transferring risk may increase costs but will assist in moving the risk from the primary to another group or entity, lowering the overall risk exposure.