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mehdi bio > Pneumonia COPD and TB > Flashcards

Pneumonia COPD and TB Flashcards

1
Q

What samples should be taken to diagnose these Resp disorders

A

Blood
Sputum
Urine
Serum Serology

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2
Q

What is the most causative agent of Pneumonia

A

Strep Pneumonia (Gram positive Cocci)

  • Optochin sensitive
  • Partial green haemolysis
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3
Q

How is Typical Pneumonia treated

A

Amoxicillin

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4
Q

What are the signs of Typical Pneumonia

A

Invaded alveolar cavity = Productive rust coloured sputum w/ headache and fever

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5
Q

How is Lehionella commonly acquired

A

CAP

Travel

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6
Q

What are the presentations of Legionella

A

Invades Aleolar INTERSTITIUM
Dry cough
fever and headache

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7
Q

How are atypical pneumonias treated

A

Macrolides (Clarithromycin)
Fluroquinolones (Ciproflaxim)
Doxycycline

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8
Q

What are some causative organisms o atypical pneumonia

A

Legionella
Psittaci
Mycoplasma

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9
Q

What does COPD present with

A

Malaise and Green sputum

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10
Q

What are the two common causative organisms of COPD

A

H Influenzae

S Pneumonia

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11
Q

How is Blactamase negative H Influenza treated

A

Amoxcicillin

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12
Q

How is Blactamase positive H Influenza treated

A

Co-Amoxiclav

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13
Q

How is S Pneumonia COPD treated

A

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

What staining is used for TB

A

Ziehl Neelsen (Red acid fast)

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15
Q

Why can you not gram stain TB

A

Raised mycelia acid in cell wall making it difficult for the stain to enter

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16
Q

What is auramine Phenol microscopy

A

Detects TB by visualising TB at lower power than Ziehl Neelsen

17
Q

What culture is used for TB

A

Lowenstein Jensen

18
Q

What are the histological findings of TB

A

Granuloma w/ central caseous necrosis

19
Q

Which Pneumonia is AIDS defining

A

Pneumocystis Pneumonia

20
Q

What type of Pneumonia is Pneumocystis

A

Atypical

21
Q

What are the presentations of Pneumocystis

A

Sputum
BALF
Cysts of Jirovecci fungus

22
Q

How is Pneumocystis treated

A

Co Trimoxazole

Prednisolone (If fail)

23
Q

What is Bronchiectasis

A

Permanent dilation of the Airways w/mucus accumulation

24
Q

What colour is the sputum found in Bronchiectasis

A

Yellow

Green if bacterial exacerbation

25
Q

What organisms are fond with bronchiectasis

A

P Auregunosa
S Pneumonia
H Influenzae

26
Q

What treatment is given against Bronchiectasis

A

Amoxicillin

Piperacillin for P Auregunosa

mehdi bio (12 decks)

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