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mehdi bio > Enteric pathogens > Flashcards

Enteric pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three common enteric infection

A

Gastroenteritis
Diarrhoea
Dysentery

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2
Q

What are the features of gastroenteitis

A

N+V
Diarrhoea
Abdo pain

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3
Q

What are the features of diarrhoea

A

Raised frequency and loose stools

Caused by water and electrolyte loss

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4
Q

What chart is used to diagnose diarrhoea

A

Bristol Stool chart

5 to 7

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5
Q

What is dysentery

A

Inflammatory bloody diarrhoea

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6
Q

What 4 organisms cause enteritis

A

Bacteria
Virus
Protozoa
Helminths

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7
Q

How can enteritis be diagnosed

A

Microscopy (eggs and larvae)
Antigens (Toxin and virus)
PCR (Virus, bacteria and Protozoa Giardae)
Stool culture (bacteria w/ macConkey and XLD)

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8
Q

What are the features of MacConkey

A

Initial = pink
Result = red (Lactose fermenting)
= yellow (Non lactose fermenting)

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9
Q

What are the features of XLD

A

Differentiates Salmonella and Shigella
Salmonella = red with black spots
Shigella = Red

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10
Q

What two diseases can salmonella cause

A 
Diarrhoea (Undercooked protein)
Typhoid fever (Waterborne) give Cipofloxain
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11
Q

What structure can be damaged due to Typhoid

A

Gall bladder

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12
Q

Why are antibiotics not needed to treat diarrhoea

A

It is self limiting

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13
Q

What can cause dysentery

A

Shigella

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14
Q

What toxin can shigella produce

A

Shiga toxin

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15
Q

If a patient becomes unwell after a bbq/restaurant, what is the most likely diagnosis

A

Camplyobacter causing gastroenteritis

  • Gram negative rods on Microscopy
  • Growth on CCDA
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16
Q

What is the main complication of camplyobacter

A

Guillian Barre syndrome

17
Q

How can campylobacter gastroenteritis be treated

A

Clarythromycin

18
Q

Watery diarrhoea in young, old and IC patients is suggestive of what cause

A

Fungal (C Parrus) by water contamination

19
Q

What re the two viral causes of enteric disease

A

Noravirus (Adults)
Rotavirus (Children)
NOTIFY PHE AND ISOLATE

20
Q

What is the best method of diagnosis of rota/noravirus

A

PCR

21
Q

How can. patient be treated with viral diarrhoea/gastroenterits

A

Supportive w/ fluid and electrolyte

22
Q

What causes C Difficile diarrhoea

A

C Antibiotics

  • CoAmoxiclav
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Clarithomycin
  • Cephalosporin
23
Q

What two ways can C Diff be tested for

A

Antigen test/PCR

24
Q

How is C Diff treated

A

Stop C antibiotics

10 days Vancomycin

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