POC: Women's Health Flashcards
(30 cards)
What do pregnancy tests measure
hCG levels (glycoprotein produced by trophoblastic cells of the placenta once ovum fertilized)
When do hCG levels become detectable in relation to ovum fertilization
10-12 days after fertilization + return to baseline about 10 days after giving birth
How early can hCG levels be detected with pregnancy test
up to 2-4 days before period (varies based on test)
T or F: pregnancy tests use lateral flow to measure hCG levels
T - apply pee to strip/pad
—- flows across to test area via capillary action (pulled across)
- detector molecule (Ab w/ gold/latex solubilized with sample application; mix+ bind to analyte if present as it moves across to other side of test
— if Ab +analyte bound; will get captured by secondary Ab (capturer) that is immobilized at test line of test resulting in formation of line
** sandwich method**
Generally how accurate are pregnancy tests when take into consideration human error
50-75%
- most tests say > 99% (based on comparison to old tests + depends on hCG levels
but when take into consideration human error —- decrease
T or F: sensitivity of pregnancy test is highly dependent on timing + detection level of test
T
— sensitivity: how likely to detect + if + depends on timing + what level of hCG is the lower limit of the test
What can give false +s of pregnancy tests
fertility drugs
ectopic production of hCG
Doing test after missed/incomplete abortion
early pregnancy loss
peri-post menopausal women
What can give false - for pregnancy tests
testing too early or human error when doing the test
What do most ovulation tests measure
LH surge
— normally occurs 12-24 hours before ovulation; sex during this period —- increase chance of baby making
How long can sperm live in the body
4-5 days
T or F: ovulation tests are taken once a month a few days after period is done to see if LH surge happening
F- take 1 test normally ever day of the month until you get the LH surge detection —- then stop
—- normally start taking on set day of cycle + keep testing until + result (start date depend on cycle length)
T or F: Ovulation tests should be taken right before bed at the same time each day for best results
F- same time of day; best taken in the morning (most concentrated pee)
What does a + ovulation result look like (what indicates a LH surge)
Test line will be super dark (maybe even darker than control)
—- may still be faint even if not LH surge (not positive result) ==== result of baseline LH that we produce always
** if digital test —- smiley face
What makes the Clearblue Advanced digital ovulation test different
Measure LH + E levels
—- E levels increase in the days up to ovulation (increase in levels actually cause LH surge)
—- normally higher 1-5 days before LH surge/ peak fertility
— high E: high fertility
What does low E + LH mean
low fertility
What does high E + low LH mean
high fertility —- flashing happy face
— if LH high : peak fertility (smiley face)
What is the benefit of fertility monitor
allows for LT tracking of fertility
—- pee on stick + put into machine
- can connect to phone
—- allows for LH + E measurement
—- allows FH measurement (fertility + menopause detect)
—- PdG: ovulation has already occurred
T or F: yeast + B infections have a lot of overlapping symptoms
T—- only thing that is really used to differentiate is pH
—- B: cause increase in pH
— Y: no change
What is a normal vaginal pH
acidic —- 3.8-4.5
—- if > 4.5: may be B
What is Vagisense
self care device that can be used to measure vaginal pH
When should someone use vagisense
if abnormal/excessive vaginal discharge OR symptoms (weird colour, odour, itching , burning)
When can Vagisense not be used/what would impact results
douching
can’t be used after sex ( <12 hours post sex)
can’t be used around time of period (1 day before or after)
< 72 post vaginal applications
pregnancy
What do you do if Vagisense test changes colour (blue/green)
means pH elevated —- likely not Y—- talk to HCP
