politics 1914-1939 Flashcards

Question

which problems relating to election became apparent to politicians by 1918?

Answer 1

many soldiers wouldn't be able to vote as they hadn't been in England and lived in their constituency due to the 12 month residency qualification

Answer 2

no requirement that men needed to own property married women over 30+ could vote if they met property requirement

Answer 3

women didn't fight for England so shouldn't vote

Answer 4

tripled women made up 43% of electorate significant to democracy

Answer 5

politicians realised that movement of womens suffrage was popular women had an important role in war politicians scared of being targeted and losing support of constituency

Answer 6

3.3 women were employed during the war Asquith said that they proved themselves through their war work sorted munitions shortages helped on farms and in mines kept the country running

Answer 7

a lot of women under 30 did work but they didn't get the vote women in France worked but didn't get the vote Asquith used war work to save face - was actually going with popular policy

Answer 8

britain couldn't survive another suffrage movement violence was escalating fear of Russian revolution happening in Britain pre war suffragist movement had some impact

Answer 9

emmeline pankhurst fled to Paris unliked, bad reputation some suffragettes didn't get the vote harmed their reputation, alienated themselves from politicians

Answer 10

fear of success - working class votes women should vote conservative and counter act votes labour conservatives real opposition after Libs diminished syndicalism

Answer 11

labour only won seats in 1918 fear was disproportinate

Answer 12

changed from pre - war attitudes of Lord Curzon and Asquith

Answer 13

political survival depended upon them appearing to change thier attitudes 98/142 constituencies supported women having the right to vote

Answer 14

conservative opportunism want to say so conservative - only women over 30, would labour have been more absolute? Liberals only supported due to the rise of Labour party

Answer 15

Baldwin wanted to bring in protectionist tariffs to address unemployment he needed a mandate from the electorate he many have been hoping to outmanoeuvre Lloyd George to prevent him from uniting some tories in a centre party

Answer 16

libs won 159 labour won 191 - official ops Baldwin won 258

Answer 17

not a majoirty so he lost debate over protectionist tariffs which was strongly opposed by Libs and Lab labour came in second place

Answer 18

limited amount of money given to social reform due to economic depression

Answer 19

successful to a large extent eg Addison Housing Act and Fisher education act but reforms stopped due to economic depression didn't achieve land fit for heroes

Answer 20

In the minority of his party, Conservatives did not actually need him - had enough MPs to form their own government Coalition liberals dependant on support of Conservatives Libs had organisational weaknesses - 'stage army' of high profile figures unsupported by a party failure of 'fusion' in 1920 controlled by conservatives - needed their support stuggled to get support of Conservative backbenchers Geddes axe

Answer 21

initially embarked on programme of economic reform and only the economic downturn changed this policy did pursue his own policies eg Anglo-Irish treaty had some achievements - Addison Housing Act, extension of national insurance intervened personally in 1921 to prevent a General Strike when triple alliance threatened joint action

Answer 22

Wheatley Housing Act Old Age pensions Dawes plan fact that they existed at all

Answer 23

minority not a radical cabinet - 8 ministers public school educated unable to introduce nationalisation and disarmament struggled with national support as seen as party of the working class business men and factory workers fearful of nationalisation and trade union activity labour could not break ties with trade unions due to funding - union expected to control the party economic problems

Answer 24

workers weekly newspaper, published article for troops to join workers on strikes - mutiny 'Campbell case" fear of labour siding with communists macdonald resigned

Answer 25

labour party was strong, now 2nd major player prime minister - Macdonald had experience in office from 1st labour government and was respected abroad everything came crashing down in october and labour was smashed to bits in the 1931 election with only 1/5 of the seats

Answer 26

build council houses raise school leaving age to 15 improve London transport system tackle unemployment introduce public work schemes support international disarmament

Answer 27

Greenwood Housing Act 1930 - increased subsidies for housebuilding and introduces new slum clearance schemes Coal Mines Act 1930 - introduced measures to reduce bitterness after general strike by reducing miners working hours from 8 to 7.5 hours Land Utilisation act and Agricultural marketing act 1931 - established marketing boards to help producers, giving them enough power to fix prices and arranged supplies more efficiently London Transport Act 1930 - created public corporation responsible for providing cheap and efficient transport in London

Answer 28

several attemps for reform sidelined by lack of Liberal support, included education bill and bill to create maximum working hours more economic/social policy sidelined upon 1929 financial crisis because Britain soon felt devastation with loss of US markets and reduction in European trade - value of British exports fell by 1/2 and unemployment rose to two million by the end of 1929

Answer 29

achieved to some degree, what they set out to o except raising to school leaving age dealt bad hand, could have achieved more without the wall street crash

Answer 30

value of British exports fell by 1/2 unemployment continued to rise, reaching 3 million by 1932 less demand for goods negative priral

Answer 31

not an economic expert set up economic advisory council in 1930 more benefits - strained government finances - wanted balanced budget

Answer 32

accepted keeping balanced budget and gold standard were essential steps knew that this would mean entrenchment, reducing expenditure

Answer 33

Macdonald had a meeting with King George, it was expected he would resign, but the king told him to form a national government to deal with the scale of the problems in 1931

Answer 34

biography presents Macdonald as an honest socialist committed to national responsibility did not betray the labour party deliberately Macdonald felt that his party were betraying the nation by refusing to make necessary cuts AJP Taylor - "primary motive was patriotism"

Answer 35

10% cut in unemployment benefit no alternative to the cuts

Answer 36

11: 9 in favour of the cuts macdonald wanted to resign

Answer 37

saw working class as victims of capitalism and it would be unacceptable for the Labour party to victimise them further

Answer 38

his main idea was that during slumps, the government should spend of infrastructure projects and pull back in periods of inflation didn't want reactionary economy theories became popular after teh war

Answer 39

disestablishment of established order

Answer 40

threatened the constitution because the head of the church of england could not marry a women going through her second divorce. Also Wallis was seen as a commoner because she grew up in realtive poverty and was american. it coul have threatened the empire because puntan dominicans such as Canada were against the marriage. Baldwin was scared of Civil war Archbishop refused to marry them

Answer 41

said to Edward that if he didn't abdicate the cabinet would resign. Edward abdicated kept it our of press But may have been luck - edwards abdicated because he missed Wallis whilst she was in France

Answer 42

Mosely proposed that fascist 'blackshirts' shouls march through a Jewish area of London anti-fascist groups outnumbered police at cable street and violence erupted fascism didn't take mass appeal as the public were on the side of the Jews

Answer 43

led by Oswald Mosely - people were drawn to his personality and speeches spoke about his ideas for reducing unemployment - popular amongst electorate disillusionment with traditional political parties - Labour split and cons didn't know about economy collapse of Labour in 1931 and the failure of national government to save depression fascist Italy and Germany seemed to be doing well Mosely's anti-semitism attracted support among some people as a hate plank the creation of the BUF - British fascist party

Answer 44

communist sympathisers in trade unions and party members spread influence through the press - Daily Worker membership of CPGB peaked 1800 Communist helped form National unemployed workers Movement and helped organise hunger marches deliberately disrupted meetings of BUF

Answer 45

anti-semitism repulsed many by 1935 BUF membership fell to 5000 lord Ruthermore withdrew his backing in 1934 after ciolence broke out in BUF rally-owner of Daily Mail increasingly anti-Nazi feeling in Britain Cable street 1936 british culture not extreme change other fascist countries had been hit hater but depression - Spain - CW

Answer 46

opposition from more moderate Union leader - Bevin The Labour party refused to allow the CPGB to affiliate or to work with them at all Police cracked down hard on communism - led demonstration and the secreat service kept a close eye on them the Insightment to Disaffection Act 19134 enabled prosecution of political enemies

politics 1914-1939 Flashcards

(70 cards)