Polycythemia & Lymphoproliferative Disorders Flashcards
(26 cards)
Polycythemia
Increased red cell concentration
What are the two types of Polycythemia?
Absolute
Relative
What causes absolute polycythemia?
Actual increase in the red cell mass
Categories: Primary or Secondary
What causes increase Total Protein?
Dehydration
How is globulin calculated?
Albumin - Total Protein = Globulin
What are the two types of Leukemias?
Lymphoproliferative disorders
Myeloproliferative disorders
What are the types of chronic leukemias?
Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia - B-cell or T-cell
Chronic Myeloproliferative
What are the two types of Acute Leukemias?
Lymphoblastic leukemia
Myelogenous leukemia
Traditional identification of cell types to classify as lymphoid or myeloid
Morphologic appearance
Cytochemical staining properties
Electron microscopic appearance
Monoclonal antibody binding to antigens
Lymphoproliferative Neoplasia
Lymphoblastic leukemia
Lymphocytic leukemia
Plasma cell leukemia
Myeloproliferative Neoplasia
Undifferentiated leukemia Granulocytic leukemia Monocytic leukemia Myelomonocytic leukemia Erythroid leukemia Megakaryocytic leukemia
What are the clinical signs for Acute Leukemia?
Pale mucous membranes Splenomegaly Hepatomegaly Lethargy Weight Loss
What causes Relative Polycythemia?
Decreased plasma volume or erythrocyte redistribution
Ex: Dehydration and body fluid shifts
What causes body fluid shifts?
Splenic contraction in excitable animals
What causes secondary Polycythemia?
Overproduction of erythrocytes secondary to increased erythropoietin secondary to generalized or renal hypoxia or overproduction by a tumor
What is Primary absolute polycythemia?
well differentiated myeloproliferative disorder
How is primary polycythemia diagnosed?
By excluding relative and secondary polycythemia
Patients with relative polycythemia caused by a reduction in plasma volume usually have a concurrent….
Increased in plasma protein
What does NOT occur in relative polycythemia caused by transient increase in red blood cell mass?
an increase in plasma protein concentration
What is secondary polycythemia associated with?
High Altitudes
Leukemia
Neoplastic proliferation of hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow
What type of cells predominate Acute Leukemias?
Immature (blast) cells
What type of cells predominate chronic leukemias?
Mature more well differentiated cells in the blood and marrow
Myeloid Neoplasms
cancer of hematopoietic cells
