Pons/Cerebellum Flashcards
(42 cards)
The facial colliculus is located ______, along the midline. It overlies _____. Damage here will affect the ____ and cause ______
On the floor of the 4th ventricle
Cr 6 nucleus and Cr 7 which loops around it
horizontal gaze center (i.e. paramedian pontine reticular formation)
horizontal nystagmus or loss of conjugate horizontal eye movements
The pons is mostly supplied by the ____ artery and the _____ branches from it but also receives some blood supply from the _____ and _____ on the dorsal lateral aspect.
Basilar
Pontine/penetrating branches
Superior cerebellar
AICA
The basis of the pons has longitudinal axons going from pontine nuclei to the _____ via the ____. These carry info from ____
Cerebellum
Middle cerebellar peduncle
The cortex
The inferior cerebellar peduncle carries ______. The middle cerebellar peduncle carries _____. The superior cerebellar peduncle carries _____.
Inf- axons from the medulla to the cerebellum
Middle- pons to cerebellum
Superior- output from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the brainstem and forebrain
The vestibular areas are at the border of the pons and medulla, at the _____. They are close to the ____
Ends of the widest point of the 4th ventricle
Inf Cerebellar Peduncle
You can see the paramedian pontine reticular formation _____ and the raphe nucleus _____ in the caudal pons. The locus coeruleus is visible in the rostral pons _____.
PPRF- Midline
RN- midline b/wn medial lemnisci
LC- on the dorsal aspect, by the ventricle and next to the superior cerebellar peduncle
The lateral lemniscus projects from the _____ to the _____. It is lateral to the medial lemniscus and in the rostral pons, is at a 90 degree angle to it, with the _____ tract at the “elbow”
superior olive
inferior colliculus
anterolateral tract
The medial longitudinal fasciculus allows you to…
It interconnects…
It is located…
look to 1 side with both eyes at the same time
Vestibular nuclei; Cr 3,4,6 nuclei; superior colliculus; cervical spinal cord
In the dorsal aspect of the pons, near the midline
In moving from the medulla to the pons, you can note the disappearance of the…
Pyramids and the inferior olive
The caudal pons contains nuclei for cranial nerves…
6,7 and 8 (spinal nucleus of 5 might be visible too)
For unilateral hearing loss to occur, there must be damage to…
Cr 8 or both cochlear nuclei on 1 side
At the level trigem enters the pons, you can see ____ and ____ which carry ____ and _____ info respectively. (proprioceptive info is carried to which nucleus?)
motor nucleus of 5- motor info for jaw muscles
chief sensory nucleus of 5- epicritic
Proprioceptive to the mesencephalic nucleus of 5- in the midbrain
The medial lemniscus contains ___ info from the ____. It shifts laterally and dorsally in the pons and eventually terminates in the _____
epicritic
Trunk and limbs
VPL of the thalamus
Axons of the pyramidal tracts appear as _____ in the pons (as compared to ____ in the medulla). These come to the pons by way of the ____ and the ____
Axon bundles/fascicles
Pyramids
Post limb internal capsule
Crus cerebri
Corticobulbar axons are _____ for cranial nerves. They mostly affect CNs on the ___ side
UMNs
Contralateral (no distinct decusation)
The vestibular nucleus is for ____. It receives sensory info about ____. It gives output to Cr 3,4, and 6 via the ______ for the VOR. It also gives output to _____ for maintaining posture and to the cerebellum via the ICP for ____
Cr 8 the position and movement of the head MLF the spinal cord Balance and control of reflexive eye mvts
The facial nucleus ______. A lesion here results in ______
Innervates the muscles of the face via Cr 7
Ipsilateral face paralysis (entire half) and a loss of the efferent br of the corneal reflex. And eyes are dry
The abducens nucleus ______. Pathology here leads to ____
innervates the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle
the eye drifting towards the middle (internal strabismus) and diplopia
Damage to what nucleus leads to a loss of the afferent br of the corneal reflex? What else occurs here?
The spinal nucleus of 5
Synapse of neurons from the face carrying protopathic info
The chief sensory tract of 5 carries epicritic info across the midline and travels with the _____ to the _____
medial lemniscus (in the medial portion) VPM
The ICP carries info about proprioception from ___, ____ and ____
The spinocerebellar tract (limb position and velocity)
The inf olivary complex (from the cortex, red nucleus and spinal cord)
The vestibular nuclei
The superior cerebellar peduncle contains axons from deep cerebellar nuclei that target….
The pontine RF, the red nucleus, the ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei in the thalamus
Name the 4 thalamic deep nuclei. The medial ones receive info about the ____ and the lateral ones are related to ____
Fastigial and globose (medial); embolliform and dentate (lateral)
Axial structures via the RF and vestibular nuclei
Limb control
Midline pathology of the cerebellum usually affects _____ and causes _____ whereas lateral pathology of the cerebellum usually affects ____ and causes _____
The axial muscles and balance
Ataxia, a broad-based gait, horizontal gaze-induced nystagmus and hypotonia
Limb movement and fine motor control
Intention tremor, dysmetria (past-pointing), dysdiadochokinesia
