Pop Flashcards
(22 cards)
RCT +
Random allocation (minimises confounding) measures incidence and prevalance
RCT -
Difficult to recruit representative population.
Unethical.
Maintenance error.
Expensive
Cohort +
Easy recruit (ask questions)
Ethical
Less expensive and usually large
Measures incidence and prevalence
Cohort -
Confounding is common
Maintenance error in long studies
Cross sectional +
Easy to recruit rep pop
Ethical
Less expensive and large
No maintenance
Cross sectional -
Confounding
Only measures prevalence
Reverse causality
Ecological +
Large so low random error
Cheap
Ecological -
Confounding
Temporality
First cause then disease. Essential for causal relationship
Strength association
Strong association is more likely to develop causal relationship
Reversibility
Change in exposure reverses outcomes
Biological gradient
Change of rate due to change in exposure
Biological plausibility
Does association make sense
Consistency
Other experiment shows similar results or nkt
Specifity
A single effect equals a singe cause
Availability
Relationship of volume of existing services to clients volume and type of needs
Accomodation
How resources are being managed to maximise effectiveness (gp not working at times ppl have time so useless)
Acceptability
Relationship btwn clients and providers attitude (values and practice beliefs)
Accessibility
Relationship btwn location of client and supply
Affordability
Cost of service to clients ability to pay
Structure
Social and physical conditions that influence choice and opportunities
Agency
Capacity for individual to act in dependently and make free choices
