Post-assessment

Question 1

The most likely place for life to be found elsewhere in the solar system is ___.
A. the surface of Venus
B. the Great Dark Spot of Neptune
C. the moon of a gas giant
D. nowhere. There is no chance of finding extraterrestrial life in the solar system.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What were the two original elements in our universe?
A. Hydrogen and Lithium C. Helium and Oxygen
B. Helium and Hydrogen D. None of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which mechanism moves heat from the warmer to cooler places until all are the same
temperature?
A. radiation
B. convection
C. conduction
D. none of the above

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Across the seafloor, scientists find ____
A. flat, sediment covered bathymetry.
B. increasing crust thickness toward the mid-ocean ridges.
C. magnetic stripes with normal and reversed polarity.
D. none of the above

Answer 4

C

Question 5

What is the term for Earth being in the center?
A. geocentric B. heliocentric C. sun centered D. Galileo

Question 6

Earth’s plates are made of slabs of ____
A. crust
B. upper mantle
C. crust and upper mantle
D. asthenosphere

Answer 6

C

Question 7

The age of Earth is approximately ____.
A. 10,000 years
B. 1.1 billion years
C. 2.3 billion years
D. 4.6 billion year

Answer 7

D

Question 8

A mineral is rubbed across an unglazed porcelain plate. What mineral property is being tested?
A. hardness
B. luster
C. color
D. streak

Answer 8

D

Question 9

The elements that make up 98.5% of Earth’s crust are _____.
A. gold, silver, copper, titanium, and the other metals.
B. oxygen and silicon
C. oxygen, silicon, gold, silver, copper, titanium, and aluminum
D. oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium

Answer 9

D (but silicon should not be included)

Question 10

The group of inner planets is known as _____.
A. The Terrestrial Planets
B. The Outer Planets
C. The Gas Giants
D. The Hallow Planet

Answer 10

A

Question 11

People in some parts of the world cannot get enough clean water because _____.
A. there is not enough water
B. they have no way to bring the water to the people
C. there is not enough money for treatment plants
D. all of these

Answer 11

D or C (ask classmate)

Question 12

On earth, carbon dioxide absorbs and retains the sun’s heat after it bounces off of the ground back into the atmosphere through a process called greenhouse effect. Which of the following statements is evidence that the greenhouse effect operates on Venus as well?
1. Venus has carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
2. Venus has higher average temperature than Mercury does
3. Venus is closer to the sun that Earth is.
A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 3 only D. 1 and 2 only

Answer 12

D (not sure)

Question 13

Earth is divided into four different spheres. Which statement is true about the interaction between two of these spheres?
A. Weather is an interaction between the hydrosphere and the geosphere.
B. A plant receiving water from precipitation is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.
C. An ice cap providing shelter for an arctic animal is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.
D. The formation of the Grand Canyon is an example of an interaction between the geosphere and the atmosphere.

Answer 13

C

Question 14

What is the function of the hydrosphere?
A. a recycling planet powered by the flow of solar energy to support a network of life.
B. sustains various life forms and plays an important role in ecosystems and regulating heat on earth.
C. sustains life forms on the surface of the earth, absorbs and interacts with harmful solar rays. It protects the earth from natural and human-caused space debris.
D. controls the distribution of minerals, rocks and soils and generates natural hazards that shape the
land and impact humans

Answer 14

B

Question 15

How do the lithosphere and the hydrosphere interact?
A. The lithosphere stores parts of the hydrosphere.
B. The lithosphere erodes (shapes) the hydrosphere.
C. The hydrosphere stores parts of the lithosphere.
D. The hydrosphere shapers the lithosphere.

Answer 15

not sure probably D

Question 16

How do the biosphere and the hydrosphere interact?
A. Air contains water.
B. Living things need water to survive.
C. Volcanic ash can enter the atmosphere.
D. These two spheres do not interact

Answer 16

B

Question 17

The hardest of all minerals is _____
A. Talc B. Calcite C. Quartz D. Diamond

Answer 17

D

Question 18

A person suspects that a diamond ring he has purchased is a fake. What could he do to prove his point to the jeweler who sold it to him?
A. Use the stone in the ring to scratch a topaz stone.
B Show that the stone in the ring can scratch a fingernail.
C. Show that the stone in the ring can be scratched by a diamond.
D. Show that the stone in the ring can scratched a diamond.

Answer 18

A

Question 19

19. The hardest of all minerals is _____
    A. Talc B. Calcite C. Quartz D. Diamond

Answer 19

D

Question 20

20. A person suspects that a diamond ring he has purchased is a fake. What could he do to prove his point to the jeweler who sold it to him?
    A. Use the stone in the ring to scratch a topaz stone.
    B Show that the stone in the ring can scratch a fingernail.
    C. Show that the stone in the ring can be scratched by a diamond.
    D. Show that the stone in the ring can scratched a diamond.

Question 21

21. Basalt is which type of rock?
    A. Igneous rock B. Sedimentary rock C. Metamorphic rock D. Marble

Answer 21

A

Question 22

22. What type of erosion causes landslides?
    A. wind B. waves C. water D. gravity

Answer 22

C

Question 23

23. When wind, water, or ice leave materials in a location, this is known as ____
    A. Weathering B. Erosion C. Deposition D. Transportation

Answer 23

C

Question 24

24. What kind of weathering causes the mineral composition of rocks to change?
    A. mechanical weathering C. chemical weathering
    B. permeable weathering D. physical weathering

Answer 24

C

Question 25

25. The most important factors in determining the rate of weathering are ____. A. carbon dioxide and acid rain C. abrasion and acids from plant roots B. animal actions and oxygen D. rock type and climate

Answer 25

D (i think)

Question 26

1. Particles of soil often differ greatly from the underlying bedrock in color, mineral composition, and organic content. Which conclusion about these soil particles is best made from this evidence? A. They are transported sediments. B. They are residual-sediments. C. They are soluble in water. D. They are uniformly large-graine

Answer 26

B

Question 27

2. Circle all that are correct. Landforms can be slowly changed by___________. A. wind B. waves C. glaciers D. tsunami

Answer 27

All of them

Question 28

3. An example of an event that can cause a rapid change to landforms is __________. A. tree roots B. acid rain C. a heat wave D. a landslide

Answer 28

D

Question 29

4. The hot melted rock that cools on the Earth’s surface is _______. A. lava B. magnetite C. magma D. sediments

Answer 29

A

Question 30

5. What causes rocks to break down? A. frozen water B. roots of plants C. acid rain D. all of the above

Answer 30

D

Question 31

6. The energy source that drives all of plate tectonics is A. solar energy from the sun. B. flow in the molten outer core. C. radioactive decay within the earth. D. seismic energy from earthquakes.

Answer 31

C

Question 32

7. The difference between mechanical weathering and chemical weathering is that mechanical weathering A. removes loose debris, whereas chemical weathering changes minerals. B. breaks rocks and minerals into smaller pieces of the same composition, whereas chemical weathering changes minerals. C. occurs while rocks and minerals are moving, whereas chemical weathering takes place in situ (in one place). D. mechanical weathering is caused by human activity, whereas chemical weathering is a natural phenomenon.

Answer 32

B

Question 33

8. The most important function of mechanical weathering is to A. create rich, fertile soils. B. increase the surface area exposed on rocks and minerals, where chemical weathering can take place most effectively. C. release metallic cations into the soil as soil nutrients D. remove loose debris from slopes so chemical weathering can attack the underlying rocks.

Answer 33

B

Question 34

9. Radiometric dating techniques (e.g., potassium-argon, radiocarbon, uranium-lead, etc.) will not provide reliable numerical ages for sedimentary rocks because A. sedimentary rocks never have datable material in them. B. sedimentary rocks are always going to be too old for any of these techniques. C. dates on sedimentary rocks will just provide an average age of the parent rocks D. sedimentary rocks rarely contain any of the trans-ferric elements.

Answer 34

C

Question 35

10. A student is trying to identify a mineral that has a nonmetallic luster and is black. It can be scratched with a fingernail. According to the mineral reference sheet the mineral reference sheet, the unidentified mineral is most likely: A. mica B. magnetite C. hornblende D. quartz

Answer 35

A