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Anatomy Exam 2 > Posterior abdominal wall and viscera > Flashcards

Posterior abdominal wall and viscera Flashcards

1
Q

organs located on posterior abdominal wall around T12-L3 lateral to vertebrae

A

kidneys

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2
Q

These structures are located lateral to the lumbar vertebrae and travel inferiorly over the psoas major muscle to enter the pelvic cavity

A

ureters

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3
Q

The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left kidney due to the

A

liver

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4
Q

The renal artery/vein supplies/drains the ____, ____, and ____

A

kidneys, ureters, suprarenal gland

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5
Q

The renal arteries branch off of the

A

abdominal aorta

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6
Q

The renal veins drain into the

A

IVC

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7
Q

This organ is located within the pelvic cavity, directly posterior to the pubic bones, and can move up in the abdominal cavity as it fills

A

urinary bladder

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8
Q

The urethra is located ____ to the vagina, and anterior to ____ and within _____ in males

A

anterior; anal canal; penis

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9
Q

The blood from the renal veins drains directly into the

A

IVC

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10
Q

The ____ and ____ are primarily retroperitoneal

A

kidneys and ureters

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11
Q

The ____, _____, and ____ are subperitoneal

A

urinary bladder, ends of ureters, and urethra

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12
Q

The ____ fat and ____ is around the actual kidney

A

perirenal fat and renal fascia

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13
Q

The _____ fat is attached to the abdominal wall, outside of the renal fascia

A

pararenal

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14
Q

The connective tissue surrounding the kidney

A

renal capsule

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15
Q

The renal ___ is the opening where the renal artery and vein enter and the renal pelvis exits to become the ureter

A

hilum

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16
Q

The renal ___ is the space internal to the renal hilum where the renal pelvis and branches of the renal artery and vein are located and surrounded by fat

A

sinus

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17
Q

The ___ is an epithelial tube within the kidney that carries the filtrate from the blood

A

nephron

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18
Q

The pathway of blood from the renal artery to the collecting duct is:

A

renal artery –> afferent arteriole –> glomerular capillaries in Bowman’s capsule –> proximal convoluted tubule –> loop of Henle –> distal convoluted tubule –> collecting ducts

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19
Q

The three major renal processes:

A

1- glomerular filtration
2- tubular reabsorption
3- tubular secretion

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20
Q

The kidney capillaries go from ____ to _____ which creates the pressure to drive the process

A

arteriole to arteriole

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21
Q

The distal convoluted tubule drains filtrate into the _____

A

collecting duct

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22
Q

From the collecting ducts, filtrate drains into the ____

A

papillary duct

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23
Q

The filtrate flows from the papillary duct into a ____

A

minor calyx

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24
Q

The renal cortex contains the ____, _____, and ____

A

bowman’s capsules, proximal convoluted tubules, and distal convoluted tubules

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25
Q

The renal medulla contains the ____, ____, and ____

A

loops of henle, collecting ducts, and papillary ducts

26
Q

The apex of the renal pyramid is the

A

renal papilla

27
Q

The ____ is where the papillary ducts drain into the minor calyx

A

renal papilla

28
Q

The _____ are extensions of cortex in the medulla between the renal pyramids

A

renal columns

29
Q

Multiple minor calices join together to form a ____

A

major calyx

30
Q

The major calices join and drain into the ___

A

renal pelvis

31
Q

The renal pelvis exits the kidney at the ____ to become the ____

A

renal hilum; ureters

32
Q

The ____ transport urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder

A

ureters

33
Q

The innervation of the kidneys is ____ (para), _____ (sym), and there is visceral afferent

A

vagus nerve; thoracic splanchnic nerves to the aorticorenal ganglia to follow renal arteries

34
Q

Organs located superior to each kidney, composed of inner medulla and outer cortex, and are glandular

A

suprarenal/adrenal glands

35
Q

The adrenal medulla is derived from the ____ from the embryo

A

ectoderm from neural crest cells

36
Q

The adrenal medulla is part of the ____ nervous system and secretes ____ and _____

A

sympathetic; epinephrine and norepinephrine

37
Q

The adrenal cortex is derived from the ____ in the embryo

A

mesoderm

38
Q

The adrenal cortex secretes ____, ____, and ____

A

glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, and androgens

39
Q

The suprarenal gland is supplied by the ____, _____, and ____ and is drained by the ____

A

superior suprarenal, middle suprarenal, inferior suprarenal arteries; suprarenal vein

40
Q

The superior suprarenal artery comes off of the

A

inferior phrenic artery

41
Q

The middle suprarenal artery comes off of the

A

abdominal aorta

42
Q

The inferior suprarenal artery comes off of the

A

renal artery

43
Q

The left suprarenal vein drains into the

A

left renal vein

44
Q

The right suprarenal vein drains into the

A

IVC

45
Q

The ___ and ____ are branches off the anterior rami of L1

A

iliohypogastric and ilioguinal nerves

46
Q

The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves have sensory from _____ and _____

A

skin of inguinal region and lower hypogastric region

47
Q

The ilioinguinal nerve has sensory from _____, _____, and ____

A

skin of anterior scrotum or labia majora, mons pubis, and upper medial thigh

48
Q

The genitofemoral nerve is the anterior rami of ___

A

L1-L2

49
Q

The _____ branch of the genitofemoral is sensory from the skin of anterior scrotum or labia majora

A

genital

50
Q

The ____ branch of the genitofemoral is sensory from the skin of the upper anterior thigh

A

femoral

51
Q

The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh is what cord level

A

L2-L3

52
Q

The femoral nerve is what cord level

A

L2-L4

53
Q

The obturator nerve is what cord level

A

L2-L4

54
Q

The lumbosacral trunk is what cord level

A

L4-L5

55
Q

The opening of the diaphragm posterior to the sternum where the superior epigastric vessels travel

A

sternocostal triangle

56
Q

The opening of the diaphragm where the IVC and right phrenic nerve pass

A

caval opening

57
Q

The opening in the diaphragm formed by the right and left crus where the aorta and thoracic duct travel

A

aortic hiatus

58
Q

The opening in the diaphragm anterior to the aortic hiatus where esophagus, anterior and posterior vagal trunks, and the esophageal branches of the gastric vessels travel

A

eophageal hiatus

59
Q

The psoas major muscle, the lumbar sympathetic trunks, and the least splanchnic nerves, pass posterior to the

A

medial arcuate ligaments

60
Q

The quadratus lumborum muscle passes posterior to the

A

lateral arcuate ligaments

61
Q

The greater and lesser splanchnic nerves pass through the

A

right and left crura

Anatomy Exam 2 (7 decks)

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