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prac class Flashcards

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1
Q

anterior

A

towards or at the front of the body

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2
Q

posterior

A

towards or at the back of the body

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3
Q

superior

A

above

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4
Q

inferior

A

below

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5
Q

proximal

A

closer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk

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6
Q

distal

A

further from the attachment of a limb to the trunk

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7
Q

medial

A

nearer to the bodys longitude midline

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8
Q

lateral

A

further from the bodys longitude mideline

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9
Q

transverse plane

A

a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

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10
Q

frontal plane

A

a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior proportions

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11
Q

parasagittal plane

A

a vertical plane that does not pass trough the midline of the body and divides the body into unequal left and right portions

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12
Q

oblique section

A

a diagonal plane that divides the body on an angle

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13
Q

supine

A

turing backward

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14
Q

prone

A

turning forward

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15
Q

superficial

A

located close to or on the body surface

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16
Q

deep

A

closer to the core of the body

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17
Q

whats the function of body cavities

A
  • protect delicate organs eg Brian

- allows organs to change shape and size eg lungs when breathing

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18
Q

label the cavities on the body

A

picuture

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19
Q

whats located in the pleural cavity

A

lungs

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20
Q

whats located in the pericardial cavity

A

heart

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21
Q

whats located in the abdominal cavity

A

stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys and intestines

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22
Q

whats located in the pelvic cavity

A

bladder and internal reproductive organs

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23
Q

label the body regions of the body

A

picture

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24
Q

whats the anatomical postition

A

the body is erect, facing forwards the hands are at the sides with palms facing forwards

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25
whats the four abdominopelvic quadrants
right upper quadrant left upper quadrant right lower quadrant left lower quadrant
26
whats the nine abdominopelvic quadrants
``` right hypochondriac region epigatic region left hypochondriac region right lumbar region umbilical region left lumbar region right illac region hypogastric (pubic) region left iliac region ```
27
flexation
bending movement that reduces the angle at the joint eg bending the knee from a straight to angled position
28
extension
reverse reflection eg straightening your arm
29
abduction
movement of bone away from the midline eg raising an arm to the side. also used to describe spreading fingers or toes
30
adduction
reverse of abduction eg moving arm closer to midline of the body
31
circumduction
eg stretching arm out straight and making a circular movement form the shoulder
32
rotation
turing the bone along its axis eg turning head
33
protraction
moving the head forwards
34
retraction
moving the head backwards
35
elevation
moving the head up, chewing or raising shoulders
36
depression
moving head down, chewing or shrugging shoulders
37
isotonic
when the extra cellurlar and intracellular fluid had the same solute concentration
38
hypotonic solution
when the solution has a lower solute concentration Thant the extracellular fluid
39
hypertonic solution
when the solution has a higher solute concentration than the extracellular fluid
40
whats the contents of blood in percentages and order
plasma 55% Buffy coat <1% (leukocytes and platelets) erythrocytes 45%
41
what low amount of red blood cells mean
amnemia
42
whats high amount of red blood cells
mean polycythemia therefore blood flow slower due to thicker blood
43
whats a haematoctiy
erythrocytes (red blood cells)
44
what happens to red blood cells in hypertonic soluaitons
crenate (shrivelled)
45
what happens to red blood cells in hypotonic soluations
lyse (swell and burst)
46
whats the white matter contain of the cerebrum
mylinated axon bundled together known as tracts
47
what does the gray matter contain of the cerebrum
cell bodies bunndeled together to make nucli
48
how to remember 12 cranial nerves
``` On I olfactory Occasion II optic Our III oculomotor Trusty IV trochlear Truck V trigeminal Acts VI abducens Funny VII facial Very VII vestibular cochlear Good IX glossopharyngeal Vehicle X vagus Any XI accessory How XII hypoglossal ```
49
how to remember is the cranial is a sensory, motor or both nerve
``` Some Say MArry Money But My Brother Says Big Brians Mater More B= both sensory and motor M= motor S=sensory ```
50
what does the cranial nerve I do
Olfactory= carries sensory information for smell
51
what deco cranial nerve II do
optic= carries sensory information for sight
52
what does cranial nerve III do
oculomotor= movement of eyeball and pupil response
53
cranial nerve IV
trochlear= movement of eyeball
54
cranial nerve V
trigeminal= pain, temperature and touch for face, movement involved in chewing
55
cranial nerve VI
abducens= movement of eyeball
56
cranial nerve VII
facial= taste and facial expressions
57
crania nerve VIII
vestibulocholear=sensory info for hearing and balance
58
cranial nerve IX
Glossopharyngeal= sensory for tast and motor movements for swallowing, speach and salivaiton
59
cranial nerve X
vagus= sensory for tast, proprioception, mood pressure. | motor for swallowing, breathing, cardiac function and digestive activities
60
cranial ver XI
acessory= motor movement for head, neck and shoulder
61
cranial nerve XII
hypoglossal= motor movement for tongue movements
62
which is the only cranial nerve that innervates structure outside the head and neck
X vagus nerve
63
label diagrams in book spinal cord
book
64
what stimulates release of insulin
pancreatic beta cells | elevated blood glucose
65
what stimulate release of glucagon
lower blood glucose levels
66
what are the main actions of glucagon
breaking down glucagon to glucose synthesis of glucose from lactic acid release of glucose to the blood by liver cells causing blood glucose to rise
67
whats diabetes type 1
lack of insuline immune system destroy pancreas beta cells multigene autoimmune repsonse
68
type 2 diabetes
produce insulin but their insulin receptors unable to response known as insulin resistance
69
whats diabetes insipidus
lack of antidiuretic | more thirst
70
whats gestational diabets
during pregancy | humanplactenal lactigen affects insulin receptor function

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