Practical Flashcards
Light touch
Dorsal columns
Used map sensory deficcemts like glove like pattersnc from peripheral neuropathys
Reduced sensation: peripheral neuropathy, nerve root compression
Brown sequard syndrome causing ipsilateral touch loss
Superficial pain
Lateral spinothalamic tract
Loss of pain: spinothalamic lesion like syringomyelia or anterior cord syndrome
Hyper pain: nerve root irritation
Temperature
Spinothalamic tract for temperature
Syringomyelia: bilateral px/temp loss. Cape like over shoulders
Peripheral nerve injury
Often impaired in diabetic neuropathy or spinal cord lesion
Vibration sense
Dorsal column
Mcp joint of index
Ask when vibration stops
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
B12 deficiency
Psioterior cord syndrome
Alcoholic neuropathy
Joint position
B12 deficiency, MS
Sensory ataxia
Dorsal column
Sensory in attention
Left or right
Controlateral parietal lobe lesion: stroke
Stereognosis
Parietal cortex lesion (controlateral)
Object
Grephesthesia
Number
Cortical sensory loss: stroke in parietal lobe
Parkinson’s
Peripheral neuropathy severe or thalami’s stroke Alzheimer’s
What is syringiomyelia
Fluid filled cavity forms in central canal of the spinal cord, typically cervical
It explands out compressioning structures
Congenital or acquired though trauma, tumours, spinal cord inflammation
It would affect spinothalamic tract through pain and temperature
It may affect anterior horn cells affecting lMN weakness
Later it can affect dorsal column
Can reduce affected limbs motor and reflex
Cape like
How would vt b12 deficiency and diabetic neuropathy affect vibration and propriception. Which tests would it affect i
B12 is essential for myelin synthesis in CNS . Deficiency causes combined degeneration of spinal cord meaning it affects dorsal columns impairing vibration and propriception
It can also affect lateral Corticospinal tracts causing spatsic weakness and babinski
Won’t feel vibration sense, severely impaired will cause joint position sense to not be felt. Cause romberg test, sensory ataxia
Diabetic
Damage to peripheral nerves and myelation. Loss starts distally.
Won’t feel vibration sense
Joint position sense
Romberg can be positioned
Reduced reflex lateral will affect px and temop
How would a stroke cause cortical sensory loss
A. Stroke that affects the parietal lobe can lead to cortical sensory loss
This process information
Stroke can damage controlateral parietal cortex
Sensory pathways like spinothalamic and dorsal column may be in tact but not properly interpreted
Affect stereognosis
Graphesthsia
Sensory in attention
What would radiculopathy affect
Radiculopathy is where spinal root is compressed, inflamed or damaged
DDD
Herniated disc
Tumour
Trauma
Mc inviklve c5-t1
Can cause loss of all types of sensation like light touch, pain, temp
E.g. sensory loss of middle finger. Weak triceps and diminished triceps reflex
Describe and list neurological mediacal emergencies
Require immediate medical intervenmtion to prevent permenant damage or death, often involve brain
Stroke. Interruption of blood flow to the brain due to blocking or bleeding
FAST
Epilepsy: continuous seizure 5+min. Altered consciousness
Spinal cord injury: damage to spinal cord from trauma, leading to paralysis loss of sensation, urinalysis retention or incontinence
Meningitis: infection and inflammation of the meninges in brain tissue
Traumatic brain injury : brain dysfunction caused by external forces
List types of haemorrhages/ stroke
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Acute ischameic stroke
Intercranial hypertension
