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NBE/MO Funeral Service State Board Exams > Practice NBE Sciences Questions > Flashcards

Practice NBE Sciences Questions Flashcards

1
Q

The first portion of the male urethra is…

A

Prostatic urethra

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2
Q

A reduction in white blood cell count is…

A

Leukopenia

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3
Q

Infiltration and degeneration of the walls of the arteries by fatty compounds is called

A

Artherosclerosis

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4
Q

A bacterial toxins confined within the body of a bacterium, freed only when the bacterium is broken down and found only in Gram-negative bacteria is called a…

A

Endotoxin

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5
Q

A condition in which bacteria are present and multiply in the bloodstream is called

A

Septicemia

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6
Q

Another term for jaundice is…

A

Icterus

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7
Q

Diabetes mellitus is associated with the malfunction of which gland?

A

The pancreas

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8
Q

A localized infection due to the reactivation of the dormant varicella zoster virus is termed…

A

Shingles

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9
Q

Any surface, prominence, or a structure used for establishing the location of an adjacent structure or prominence is

A

Anatomical Guide

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10
Q

The primary purpose of embalming is…

A

disinfection?

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11
Q

Chemicals, creating an increased capability for embalmed tissues, to retain their moisture is termed…

A

humectants

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12
Q

Lockjaw is the common name for the disease…

A

Tetanus

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13
Q

Addison’s disease causes the skin to turn what color…

A

Bronze

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14
Q

The height of a person is approximately X his or her head length

A

7 1/2-8?

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15
Q

The color combination of one dormant Hugh, with the two Hughes on either side of its complement is called a

A

Split Compliment

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16
Q

When viewed from below, the typical shape of the mandible is

A

horseshoe

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17
Q

Heavy metals are no longer using embalming chemicals, because…

A

They are forbidden

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18
Q

A colostomy is usually associated with

A
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19
Q

A post Mortem change in the human body that is classified as a chemical change is…

A
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20
Q

Formaldehyde demand is increased by

A
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21
Q

After death, the pH of human blood is generally…

A
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22
Q

Walling off action is caused by

A
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23
Q

What is thymol used for?

A
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24
Q

The fibula has no osseous attachment with the femur: true or false

A
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25
Q

If an individual is suffering from a right side heart disorder, how will this affect the make up of your arterial solution?

A
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26
Q

Discoloration resulting when formaldehyde reacts with hemoglobin in the tissues is

A

Formaldehyde gray

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27
Q

Which of the following conditions would require special attention during thoracic cavity embalming

A

Hydrothorax and Hydropericardium

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28
Q

Escape of blood serum from the intravascular to an extra vascular location immediately before death is

A

Agonal edema

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29
Q

Alternate drainage

A

Method of injection drainage which embalming solution is injected, and then injection is stopped while drainage is open

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30
Q

Intermittent drainage

A

Method of drainage in which the drainage is stopped at intervals, while the injection continues

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31
Q

An anti-enzyme is any substance which

A

Inactivated enzymes

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32
Q

Aliphatic compounds are

A

Straight or branched chains

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33
Q

Amino acids act as an acid or a base, such substances are

A

Amphoteric: consist of both acid and base parts

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34
Q

Amines are further reduced by putrefaction to

A

Ammonia

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35
Q

In comparing solutions, the one with a lower concentration is

A

Hypotonic

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36
Q

Grave wax results from

A

The saponification of fatty acids

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37
Q

Wood alcohol is

A

Methanol/methyl alcohol
Poisonous/toxic
An anti-polymerizing agent in arterial fluids (helps arterial stay in liquid state)
Disinfectant/preservative
Vehicle

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38
Q

Ptomaines are

A

Amines
Poisons
Absorbed through the skin

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39
Q

An example of a hydrocarbon is

A

Methane

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40
Q

The type of fluid most likely to contain bleaching agents

A

Jaundice fluids

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41
Q

Which of the following has a pleasant odor?

A

Benzaldehyde

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42
Q

Decay is caused by

A

Aerobic bacteria (no odor)

Anaerobic bacteria cause putrefaction (decay with an odor)

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43
Q

Proteins are held together by

A

Peptide bonds

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44
Q

Penetration and diffusion of embalming fluids is aided by

A

Surfactants: wetting agents/ penetrating agents

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45
Q

Which of the following is not a modifying agent?

A

Preservative

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46
Q

Carbohydrates are

A

Polysaccharides

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47
Q

Ammonia will react with formaldehyde and will do what?

A

Neutralize the formalin solution

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48
Q

Organic bases are

A

Amines

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49
Q

A carbonyl group is

A

Carbon double bond Oxygen

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50
Q

Lipids hydrolyze to fatty acids and

A

Alcohols

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51
Q

EDTA works by

A
  • sequestering (isolate) ions which coagulate blood
  • EDTA is a sodium salt that combines with calcium ions to prevent blood coagulation (clotting) and also removes hardness from water (Dodge retifiant)
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52
Q

The shelf life of embalming fluids can be increased by

A

Storing them away from light

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53
Q

Phenol is

A
  • carbolic acid
  • hydroxyl benzene
  • a disinfectant and preservative
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54
Q

When two pigment hues are placed together or one is placed on top of another, and both are viewed simultaneously, the arrangement is called:

A

Juxtaposition

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55
Q

How many colors are in the prang system?

A

12

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56
Q

The single intradermal suture is known as

A

Hidden suture

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57
Q

Sodium citrate when used in embalming fluid acts as

A

A surfactant

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58
Q

An inflammation of the lining of the uterus is

A

endometritis

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59
Q

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa

A

Sinusitis

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60
Q

A sebaceous gland would be classified as

A

exocrine

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61
Q

inflammation of the bone marrow cavity is

A

osteomyelitis

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62
Q

Diminished amount of urine formation is called

A

oliguria

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63
Q

The widest part of the face is measured between the

A

zygomatic arches

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64
Q

The head of a long bone could be also known as

A

epiphysis

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65
Q

Asphyxia as a result of an obstruction in the air passages is

A

Smothering

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66
Q

Of the types of body compounds, the type that decomposes first are

A

carbohydrates

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67
Q

Of the types of body compounds, the type that decomposes first are

A

carbohydrates

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68
Q

Maxillary prognathism is a projection of the

A

upper jaw

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69
Q

What is a causative organism in amebic dysentery

A

entamoeba histolytica

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70
Q

The artery located along the inferior-medial border of the psoas major muscle is

A

external iliac

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71
Q

Most arboviral infections are transmitted by

A

mosquitos; biological vector

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72
Q

Sodium lauryl sulfate is

A

surfactant

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73
Q

Diminished amount of urine formation is

A

Oliguria

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74
Q

Proteins are cross linked by a methylene bridge

A

Between O atoms on different proteins

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75
Q

A genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular grapelike clusters is called:

A

staphylococcus

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76
Q

A prion is an abnormal

A

Protein

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77
Q

The head of the femur articulates with the focal bones of the femur

A

Acetabulum

78
Q

The second cranial nerve is responsible for

A

Sight

79
Q

Eosin is used as

A

A dye

80
Q

An embalmer should consult a radiation officer before embalming an autopsied body with a radiation level higher than

A

5 mc

81
Q

Of the types of body compounds, the type that decomposes first are

A

carbohydrates

82
Q

A mother decided to nurse her baby because she read that she could transfer the humoral antibodies to her baby. This type of immunity is called

A

Naturally acquired passive immunity

83
Q

The anterior nares are located in the ____ of the base of the nose

A

Posterior 2/3’s

84
Q

The endocrine gland found in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

A

Pituitary

85
Q

Lanugo is the technical term for

A

the facial hair of an infant

86
Q

The general formula for an aldehyde is

A

RCHO

87
Q

The original scientific standard of color is

A

the spectrum

88
Q

heavy metals are no longer used in embalming because

A

they are forbidden by law

89
Q

The damage to which organ in an alcoholic individual will aid in the depletion of blood clotting?

A

Liver

90
Q

Arteriosclerosis commonly first appears in which vessel

A

femoral artery

91
Q

A general term for diseases characterized by excessive urination is

A

diabetes

92
Q

The number of natural facial markings

A

9

93
Q

The number of acquired facial markings

A

11

94
Q

With respect to the internal jugular vein, the common carotid artery

A

is lateral and deep

95
Q

AN elongated depression in a relatively level surfaces

A

groove

96
Q

The virus responsible for rabies is considered to belong to this classification

A

rhabdoviruses

97
Q

Inflammation of the testis

A

orchitis

98
Q

Putrefaction is caused by

A

anaerobic bacteria

99
Q

what does MSDS stand for?

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

100
Q

Place the body compound in the order the break down

A

Carbohydrates, fats/oils, soft proteins, hard proteins, bones ???

101
Q

Excessive production of urine is

A

polyuria

102
Q

The second cranial nerve is involved with

A

sight

103
Q

Diabetes mellitus is associated with the malfunction of which gland

A

pancreas

104
Q

The function of the thyroid gland is

A

to regulate metabolism

105
Q

Which of the following is the first organs/tissues to decompose

A

lining of the trachea

106
Q

Methyl salicylate is the chemical name for

A

oil of wintergreen

107
Q

In the pang system, red-purple would be classified as an

A

intermediate color

108
Q

Identify the considerations (not precautions) of the carotid arteries

A
  • Direct distribution of fluid to the face
  • close to the center of distribution
109
Q

Documents signed by the authorizing agent _____ the funeral director will stay out of the court system and avoid legal action

A

do not guarantee

110
Q

The embalmer identifies which of the following as signs of diffusion

A

Tissue fixation
Drying of tissues

111
Q

A small, flat brush having soft hairs of uniform length

A

lip brush

112
Q

Which of the following would be included in the routine maintenance schedule items for the basic crematory maintenance protocol

A
  • Maintain a clean work environment
  • Inspection of the external stack
  • Inspection of refrigeration unit
113
Q

It is possible to set the grave where?

A
  • At the graveside, in the grave
  • At the graveside, but outside the grave
  • Indoors at the cemetery facility
114
Q

When should an inspection take place

A

During normal hours

115
Q

If you encounter someone who has extreme facial edema caused by a surgical repair, what does this tell you about potential fluid distribution and diffusion?

A

it is poor due to an aortic aneurysm

116
Q

Protein Breakdown

A

proteins
amino acids
amines and organic acids
ammonia, mercaptans, etc
carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen

117
Q

The center of embalming fluid distribution is the

A

ascending aorta/ or arch of the aorta

118
Q

What should be done when arterial embalming has been delayed?

A

start with mild solution and strengthen as you proceed

119
Q

Of the signs of fluid distribution and diffusion, the least reliable is…

A

tissue fixation (firming)

120
Q

The structure of the ear that divides its length in half is the

A

crus of the helix

121
Q

One of the ways to produce a grey pigment is to mix together equal amounts of

A

primary and secondary hues

122
Q

To model the helix of the ear realistically, the inner edge of the helix must be

A

undercut

123
Q

Another name for exophthalmic goiter

A

Grave’s Disease

124
Q

The depression above the medial portion of the superior palpebra is the

A

Naso-orbital fossa

125
Q

The protruding ridge of the nose is the:

A

Dorsum

126
Q

Yellow and magenta make

A

Red

127
Q

In colored illumination, the blank
hues of the additive method are the blank hues of the subtractive method

A

Primary, Secondary

128
Q

According to the classification of cases requiring restorative treatment, emaciation would be classified as:

A

Disease

129
Q

Which of the following restorative art procedures will be affected by an exopthamalic goiter?

A

Closing the eyes

130
Q

A badly swollen eyelid should be treated with:

A

a chemical cauterant

131
Q

The concavities below the medial and lateral inferior margins of the zygomatic bones are known as:

A

Buccal Depressions

132
Q

When restoring a sideburn, the application of hair should proceed:

A

inferior to superior

133
Q

Which one of the following is NOT an imaginary horizontal line viewed on the face for restorative art purposes:

A

Lateral corner of the eye

134
Q

When applying hair to a missing eyebrow, the hair should be applied:

A

From the lateral edge from the eye to the medial edge of the eye

135
Q

Which of the following sutures would best be employed for an abdominal puncture wound:

A

Purse String

think of a trocar hole

136
Q

The line of lip closure is what distance from the base of the nose to the base of the chin:

A

1/3

137
Q

The mastoid process is found on the:

A

temporal bone

138
Q

If the eyes swell during embalming, the swelling may be reduced by using:

A
139
Q

When embalming an individual who died from an acute myocardial infarction, which of the following problems might the embalmer encounter?

A

Hydropericardium

140
Q

Another name for liver mortis

A

Cadaveric lividity

141
Q

First organ to decompose

A

Lining of the trachea and larynx

142
Q

Which is an antemortem extra vascular blood discoloration

A

Ecchymosis
Hematoma

143
Q

Tripod of Life

A

the three organs, the heart, lungs, and brain

144
Q

Father of American Embalming

A

Dr. Thomas Holmes

145
Q

Death beginning at the heart

A

Syncope

146
Q

What does corpulent mean?

A

Fat

147
Q

Hematemesis, ascites, esophageal varices, and jaundice are associated with:

A

Cirrhosis

148
Q

Body fluid discharges from orifices, lesions and biological vectors are:

A

Vehicles of exit

149
Q

The line of color change at the junction of the wet and dry portions of a mucous membrane is called:

A

Weather line

150
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever; Raised body temperature

151
Q

The most common human profile is

A

Convex

152
Q

To successfully treat a case of generalized edema, the best arterial fluid to use would be:

A

high index, dehydrating hygroscopic fluid

153
Q

Decay is caused by:

A

Aerobic bacteria

154
Q

Humectants are substances that are

A

hygroscopic

155
Q

Cellulitis

A
156
Q

Ankylosis

A

Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones

157
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

A type of arthritis that occurs when flexible tissue at the ends of bones wears down

158
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A condition in which bones become weak and brittle

159
Q

Sunken eyes may be raised to natural position by injecting tissue builder behind the:

A

eyeball

160
Q

When paster of paris is mixed with water and allowed to harden, it is anexample of

A

Hydrate

161
Q

A rapidly forming blood clot, containing all the blood elements in a homogenous mass is termed:

A

a cruor clot

162
Q

Plantar surface best describes:

A

Sole of the foot

163
Q

Of the discolorations due to decomposition, the one that appears second in order is

A

blue-black??

164
Q

Myxedema is caused by the low function of what gland?

A

thyroid

165
Q

Imbibition

A
  • Cells ability to draw moisture from the surrounding area into itself
  • Can cause post-Morten edema
166
Q

Chelation

A

a type of bonding of ions and molecules to metal ions.

167
Q

Collodion

A

a flammable, syrupy solution of nitrocellulose in ether and alcohol.

168
Q

Function of the thyroid gland

A

Metabolism

169
Q

Gaseous ptomaine

A

Indole

170
Q

Dry Gangrene

A

Causes dry red to black discoloration

171
Q

saponification

A

conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere

172
Q

Location of the brachial artery

A

Bicipital groove

173
Q

Optimum temperature for rigor mortis

A

98-100 degrees F

174
Q

What chemicals will pass through the cell membrane

A

Isopropanol
ethanol
methanol

175
Q

Right inguinal region contains:

A

cecum and appendix

176
Q

Level of water hardness unsuitable for embalming

A

100 ppm

177
Q

What does formaldehyde and bleach make?

A

BCME (bischloromethylether)

178
Q

Why shouldn’t sodium hypochlorite and formaldehyde mix?

A

creates BCME and is poisonous

(sodium hypochlorite is bleach)

179
Q

Briefly outline how formaldehyde acts on body proteins to bring about preservation

A
  • Achieves preservation by cross-linking proteins at the peptide linkage.
  • Formaldehyde causes Fixating, denaturing and coagulating of protein.
  • Denaturing protein during the embalming process is done by inserting a methylene bridge (–CH2–) between the nitrogen’s in the amino groups of adjacent proteins.
  • Formaldehyde combines with water to form methylene glycol, which is the source of the methylene bridge.
  • The oxygen atom in formaldehyde links to a hydrogen atom from each of the 2 amino groups to form water.

-Proteins in living tissue are coiled and foiled in order to perform a specific function.

180
Q

Vesicle

A

water-like blisters (from herpes I and II)

181
Q

How long does it take for a cremation to take place?

A

2-3 hours

182
Q

How many days is it suggested to wait until you cremate someone?

A

48 hours

183
Q

Basic Steps for the Cremation Process

A
  1. Insert the metal disc into the retort
  2. Purge the system
  3. Preheat the retort
  4. Load body into retort
  5. Engage the primary burner
  6. Cool down period
184
Q

Phases of Combustion

A
  1. primary combustion in ignition chamber (primary chamber)
  2. secondary combustion where products of combustion settle and are further combusted and remaining gases discharge from the stack
185
Q

Cremation Process

A

-open charging door and inspect primary chamber
-start the purge cycle
-preheat secondary chamber
-transport container to loading area and log
-load container with loading device
-ignite primary burner
-monitor cremation process (do not open door for at least an hour into cremation process)
-remove cremated remains with a brush and rake
-remove non-ferrous metals
-pulverize
-place into clear plastic bag

186
Q

Advantages of Formaldehyde

A
  • 100% organic.
  • It is broken down by sunlight and the soil it is broken down by bacteria in the soil and nitrogen
  • it is inexpensive
  • bactericidal
  • Inhibits the growth of yeasts and molds.
  • rapidly destroys autolytic enzymes and rapidly acts on the body proteins converting them to insoluble resins inhibiting tissue decomposition.
  • only a small amount of formaldehyde is needed to act on a large amount of protein
  • it produces rapid fixation which aids in positioning the dead human body and indicates that preservation is taking place.
  • deodorizes the body amines formed during putrefaction.
187
Q

What type of case should be inserted into the retort head first?

A

obese bodies

188
Q

what dye is red?

A

carmine

there are more that produce red though

189
Q

what does the suffix -us mean?

A

condition

190
Q

What does the suffix -osis mean

A

abnormal condition

ex. endometriosis
endo- within, inner
metri- uterus
-osis- abnormal condition

abnormal condition of the inner layer of the uterus

191
Q

what does the suffix -itis mean?

A

inflammation of…

192
Q

what does the suffix -ia mean

A

condition

NBE/MO Funeral Service State Board Exams (24 decks)

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