Practice Tests Sect. 1-6 Flashcards by Lacaia Sauer

Which of the following is unique to type 2 diabetes
Insulin resistance, body has low levels of insulin, the pancreas does not make insulin or it can develop regardless of a healthy diet

Insulin resistance

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What condition is characterized by the narrowing of coronary arteries?

Hypertension

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What is the purpose of a professional trainer certification?

To ensure that individual job candidates can demonstrate the ability to perform the task required for this job category

To abide by federal guidelines that require certification for fitness professionals

To demonstrate that an individual’s committed to the field of personal training

To ensure gyms in health clubs, follow the rules, established by OSHA

To ensure that individual job candidates can demonstrate the ability to perform the task required for this job category

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What is the most appropriate way to conclude a sales presentation with a potential client?

Asking for the sale and scheduling the first session

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Which statement best describes the first stage of the sales process?

Identifying a customers needs

It is not promoting the benefits of personal training for improving health and longevity

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What is a professional development technique that helps individuals identify their personal strengths and weaknesses, opportunities, for growth, and potential threats to success?

SWOT analysis

strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats

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What percentage of adults experience low back pain at least once in their lifetime?

80%

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A client has been training consistently for over a year and has indicated that he wants to find more efficient ways to exercise at home. Which type of social support does he need?

Informational

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If a certified personal trainer helps a client improve their technique by using guided practice to enhance confidence, what determinant of behavior are they targeting?

Self efficacy

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When it comes to exercise, older adults, find what to be the most motivating?

Healthy and well being
(Not social)

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Which behavior change technique do clients list potential barriers and make plans to overcome them?

Coping responses

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Having an informational role in an exercise group is demonstrated by which example?

Planning social garbing for the group (think not for cpt)

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The number of sidewalks available in a community is an example of which of the following?

The built environment
Not the manufactured

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When it comes to barriers to exercise, which statement is correct?

Barriers to exercise are often cited by people who are secretary, or infrequently active.

Not lack of time cited by most people of impossible to fully overcome

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Which heart chamber gathers, deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cava veins?

The right atrium

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Calcium is often associated with bone health, but why is it also important for muscular function?

It stimulates Actin and myosin activity

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Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the body

Left ventricle

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Which joint is most mobile and able to move in all three directions?

Ball and socket

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The deep longitudinal sub system includes which of the following muscle groups?

Hamstring and erector spinae

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If someone engages in a short burst which energy system will contribute the most to ATP production?

ATP-PC system

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Which muscle group work both eccentrically and concentrically in the sagittal plane during a squat?

Quadriceps

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In order to optimally load muscles during the E centric phase, the fitness professional should recommend?

Lowering the weight more slowly to increase the time under tension

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Antagonist muscles during an elbow extension

Bicep brachii

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Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs?

The right ventricle

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Give an example of a ketone body?

Acetoacetic acid

What is produced by the breakdown of glucose via glycolysis?

Pyruvate

What are the end products of the electron transport chain?

ATP and water

What component of breathing improves blood flow back to the heart?

Inspiration will decrease in intrathoracic pressure

Define motor control

The ability to initiate and correct purposeful controlled movements Not a response to environmental stimuli

Before carbohydrates, fats, proteins, can enter the citric acid cycle they need to be converted into what molecule?

Acetyl CoA The CAC creates ATP also but that is not the starting point

Describe muscle, force and velocity during a concentric contraction

As the velocity of the muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases

What is the purpose of the current good manufacturing practices?

Surprisingly, it is not to set regulations… To provide guidelines to help ensure quality and purity products

Why is non-exercise activity thermogenesis NEAT important?

NEAT can be productive against obesity

Catecholamines are responsible for?

Increased lipolysis (break down fat to use for energy)

What is the electron transport chain do?

Uses hydrogen gradient to create ATP

What TYPE of muscle fiber has a large number of capillaries?

Type one because of the increased oxygen demands type one, have a large number of capillaries, and are often referred to as red fibers

Which heart chamber gatherers, oxygenated blood coming to the heart from the lungs?

Left atrium

What are the different types of blood and what are their mechanisms?

Red blood cells carry oxygen through the blood White blood cells help fight infection platelets are responsible for clotting

What structure in the heart transfers the electrical signal from the sino atrial (SA) node to the atrioventricular (AV) node?

Internodal pathway also known as bundle branches

Stored energy from inefficiently functioning stretch shortening cycle is released during which muscle action?

Concentric The Eccentric phase stores energy

Which two electrolytes are most commonly supplemented by athletes to replace those lost in sweat?

Sodium and potassium

Which governmental agency regulates, dietary supplements in the United Kingdom?

European food safety authority *The therapeutic good administration, regulate supplements in Australia

What term is used to describe the concept of how the functioning of one body can make an impact other areas of the body?

Regional interdependence

Define biomechanics

The study of mechanical laws are principles related to movement

What is the ventilatory threshold 2?

The point at which the body uses mostly entirely to using carbs for fuel VT one fat provides most of the fuel only at low intensity

Defined the all or nothing principal?

A motor unit will either contract maximally or not at all

The upper trapezius works with what muscle as a force couple to create upward rotation of the scapula

Serratus anterior

If someone specifically wanted to burn a lot of fat, not necessarily total calories, what type of exercise should they do?

Low to moderate intensity, for 30 to 60 minutes The main fuel source for high intensity exercises glucose

acidosis of the muscle?

In a decrease in pH, which can lead to feelings of fatigue

Overactive hip flexors may lead to which of the following postural compensations?

Anterior tilting of the pelvis at an increased low back arch

During a squat, the lowering phase would be described as what type of muscle action?

Eccentric (deceleration) Concentric would be the phase of raising the body

The posterior oblique system includes which of the following muscle groups?

Thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus Maximus

Food in the stomach is processed and then passes into what anatomical structure?

The duodenum of the small intestine The ileum is the final structure of the small intestine that food passes through before entering the large intestine

Approximately what percentage of the human body is comprised of water?

What does the electron transport chain do?

The electron transport chain uses hydrogen ingredient to create ATP

What vitamin is most transient?

Vitamin C

What is the fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone?

Ligament

When glucose is broken down, what molecules created that could also be oxidized under aerobic conditions?

Pyruvate

What type of vessel is responsible for carrying blood back to the heart?

Veins Arterioles are smaller arteries that carry blood away from the heart

Which vitamin has an increase risk of causing toxicity?

Vitamin a

What is the purpose of the current good manufacturing practices?

To provide guidelines to help ensure quality in purity of products Not to say what ingredients can and cannot be used

What term is used to describe the promise that increase ventricle filling improves contractile force of the heart as a result of greater stretch of the cardiac fibers?

Frank Sterling law of the heart

Define peripheral resistance

The resistance of blood flow in the vessels

What happens regarding muscle force and velocity during an eccentric muscle action? As the velocity ______ the ______ ______

As the contraction velocity increases, the ability to develop force also increases

What is sliding filament theory?

The shortening of the sarcomere to produce a muscle contraction

What type of lever could be considered as having a fulcrum in the middle like a seesaw?

First class A second class lever has the resistance, not the fulcrum in the center

What test should be performed last in the overall assessment flow: Body composition, movement assessments, biometric data, performance assessment

Performance assessment

For which movement impairment would you see the knees bowing outward?

Knee varus

Which muscles would be considered overactive leading to shoulder elevation during a pulling assessment? Lower trapezius Upper trapezius and levator scapula Latamus dorsi Infraspinatus

Upper trapezius, and Levator scapula

Which muscle is considered underactive leading to shoulder elevation during the pushing assessment?

Lower trapezius

Which test is used to measure lateral speed and agility?

Lower extremity functional test LEFT

What test is designed to test, lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control?

The pro shuttle

What test is used to test lateral speed and agility?

The pro shuttle

What muscles overactive the low back arches during an overhead squat assessment?

Hip flexor complex

If you ask the client to explain how challenging their activity is in a VT2 what might they say?

No, they cannot speak competently

What interventions are suggested for an individual with a blood pressure of 134/86?

Life chat style changes with medical monitoring

Which muscles are typically underactive of the feet turn out?

Anterior and posterior tibialis

How much to inflate the blood pressure cuff?

20 to 30 above

Define peripheral vasolidation

The expanding diameter of the blood vessel, near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body

Durnin wormsley skinfold sites?

Bicep, tricep, subscapular, and suprailiac

Which muscle would be considered underactive leading to the excessive for chunking during an overhead squat assessment?

Gluteus maximus The abdominals are considered overactive

Describe the abdominal skinfold location

A vertical skinfold, taken 1 inch lateral of the belly button

Which pastoral distortion is characterized by an anterior pelvic tilt an excessive lordosis of the lumbar spine? What pastoral distortion is characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders?

Lower crossed syndrome Upper crust syndrome is characterized by the forward head and rounded shoulders

Which test is used to measure lower extremity power?

Vertical jump—-keyword power

How many repetitions of each SAQ drills is appropriate for youth athletes?

3 to 5 reps

What rate of oxygen utilization defines one metabolic equivalent, value, representing the amount of oxygen, utilized a true rest?

3.5 mL/kg/min

What type of muscle contraction/action attenuates force through muscle fiber lengthening?

Eccentric action

Example of an exercise that would be most appropriate for maximum strength, movement in phase 4?

Shoulder/military press Nothing single leg, because that would include stabilization

Define speed

How fast you can move in a straight line

What concept goes under the umbrella of agility training?

Change of direction

During balancing training, gluteal muscles should remain in which state to hold the body stable?

Isometrically contracted

What plyometric exercise variable is to find out the distance, covered and amount of effort applied by the muscles?

Intensity Volume is the number of throws, catches, etc.

Why is Arjen quadriceps stretch considered a controversial lower body stretch?

The stretch provides excessive stress on the knee, cap, and other tissues in the front of the knee It is the stretch not the position

The lengthening reaction is often seen as what type of flexibility technique?

Static stretching

What is an example of an individual in the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Delayed onset muscle soreness A stress fracture would be the exhaustion phase

When the GTO is activated and the muscles relaxed, what is this action called?

Autogenic inhibition Reciprocal inhibition dynamic, stretching, using antagonist and agonist

If someone has overactive quadriceps, what should I do to help improve this muscle imbalance?

ASMR and static stretching of the quadriceps

What is the superior boundary of the core?

Diaphragm Don’t forget the superior is above and inferior is below The inferior boundary is the pelvic floor and hip musculature

Which term best describes the ability to contract muscles of the core with force in an effort to flex the trunk during a slow control movement?

Core strength Course stability is defined as the ability to maintain proper spinal and hip posture while moving extremities

Reactive training is another common name for which type of exercise?

Plyometric training

What is a component of agility training?

Deceleration Not assessment to visual stimuli -that is a component of quickness training

What is the recommended recovery time between bouts of plyometric training for novice clients?

48 to 72 hours

What is the intended outcome of stage to training?

To increase the work load, for example speed/incline, in a way that helps clients exercise at higher intensity and achieve great levels of aerobic fitness The goal of stage one training is to improve general health and fitness and recover

Proprioception versus kinesthetic awareness

Proprioception is the awareness of the positioning and movement of body segments Kinesthetic awareness is the awareness of the bodies position as it moves through multiple planes of motion

What concept allows a person to jump higher during plyometric exercises?

Eccentric loading

Deep core muscle?

Rotatores

NEAT

Nonexercise activity thermogenesis. Examples of things you do in every day life such as walking.

What muscle asked to increase intra-abdominal pressure?

Transverse abdominous

Which muscle regulates inspiration?

Diaphragm

Bracing

Coke contraction of global muscles, such as the rectus abdominous an external obliques

Drawing in maneuver

Exercise that primarily targets, the transverse abdominus

What type of diabetes occurs when specialize cells in the pancreas called beta cells stop producing insulin?

Type one diabetes

When developing a safe and effective, warm up for face, one, what is an important consideration for flexibility?

Self myofascial techniques

The hip hinge is an important fundamental movement. During hip hinge, what movements are occurring?

Flexion and extension

Abduction and adduction happen on what plane of movement and what is an example?

Frontal plane moving side to side lateral arm raise

Which modality/exercise combination provides the most freedom of movement in the transverse plane? A. Suspended chest press. B. Seated abdominal crunch machine C. Elastic band wood chop D. Dumbbell lat row

Elastic band woodchop (a lat row happens on the saggital plane)

When discussing suspended, body weight training, which of the following is the most accurate statement?

It increases flexibility and joint mobility.

What is an example of a closed chain exercise?

Push-ups Squats Pull-ups Close chain means that the hand or foot is fixed and cannot move

What modality will provide the most benefits to phase 1, 4 and 5 for OPT model?

Sandbags

Practice Tests Sect. 1-6 Flashcards

(119 cards)