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History Cold War > Pre and during WWII > Flashcards

Pre and during WWII Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Polish-Russian war?

A

1920

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2
Q

What happened in the Russian-Polish War?

A

With the help of France and Poland, the white army defeated the red army

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3
Q

What was in Soviet foreign policy until 1939?

A

The recovery of lost territory from the fallen Russian empire

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4
Q

When was the Russian Civil War?

A

7th November 1917- June 1922

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5
Q

Who were the red army?

A

the bolsheviks

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6
Q

Who were the white army?

A

anti-communists and tsarist loyalists

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7
Q

How many brits died in the russian civil war?

A

983

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8
Q

How many americans died in the russian civil war?

A

235

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9
Q

How did Henry Ford attempt to improve relations with the USSR?

A

He set up a factory in the USSR

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10
Q

When did the USA formally recognise the USSR and establish diplomatic relations?

A

1933

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11
Q

As part of his purge on Soviet leadership, who was forced into exile and later murdered?

A

Leon Trotsky- the leader of the red army in the civil war

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12
Q

When was Leon Trotsky forced into exile?

A

1929

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13
Q

When did Stalin have Leon Trotsky murdered?

A

1940

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14
Q

Between 1937 and 1939, how many generals and admirals were executed by Stalin?

A

81/103

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15
Q

Under Stalin, millions starved, but where were millions of political prisoners sent?

A

gulags

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16
Q

When was the Nazi-Soviet Pact signed?

A

August 1939

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17
Q

Why was the Nazi-Soviet Pact signed?

A
  • Stalin’s suspicious nature - To buy time to build up the soviet military
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18
Q

When did Stalin invade Finland?

A

December 1939

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19
Q

What did the West think of Stalin’s invasion of Finland and what did they do?

A

They thought the Finland invasion was unfair and offered military support

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20
Q

When did Stalin invade the Baltic states?

A

June 1940

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21
Q

In November 1941, how many divisions did Hitler have fighting Russia?

A

180

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22
Q

In November 1941, how many divisions did Hitler have fighting Britain?

A

3

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23
Q

Why did Britain and America not help Stalin when he attacked in the West in November 1941?

A
  • Britain was still too weak from 1940 - America only had 250,000 troops ready
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24
Q

When was the Dieppe Raid?

A

August 19, 1942

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25
What did the Dieppe Raid prove?
Overwhelming force would be needed to launch an invasion of Western Europe
26
Why was Stalin suspicious of the Grand Alliance?
It was taking so long to build
27
How many tonnes of material did Roosevelt supply to the USSR through the Lend Lease Programme by Summer 1944?
10 million
28
When was the 2nd Moscow conference?
August 1942
29
What happens at the second Moscow conference?
Churchill flies to Moscow to meet Stalin
30
When was the 3rd Moscow Conference?
October 22nd 1943
31
What happened at the third moscow conference?
-Foreign ministers from UK, USA and USSR meet in Moscow - UN to be set up - USSR + UK don't want China to join - Can't agree on Germany's borders, reparations or split - USSR and UK won't sign declaration on economic recovery - USSR will join war with Japan when Germany is defeated
32
When was the Tehran Conference?
November 1943
33
What happened at the Tehran Conference?
Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt meet in Tehran, Iran - Stalin could have Eastern Poland and the Baltic States - British troops will invade France not the Balkans in 1944 so the USSR could do what it wanted in Eastern Europe
34
When was the 4th Moscow conference?
October 1944
35
What happens at the 4th Moscow Conference?
Churchill and Stalin devise the percentages agreement
36
According the the Percentages agreement, how would Romania be split?
90%- USSR 10%- UK/ USA
37
According the the Percentages agreement, how would Bulgaria be split?
75%- USSR 25%- USA/UK
38
According the the Percentages agreement, how would Yugoslavia and Hungary be split?
50%- USSR 50%- USA/UK
39
According the the Percentages agreement, how would Greece be split?
10%- USSR 90%- UK/USA
40
Why was the percentages agreement dropped and what did it show Stalin?
Because the Americans wouldn't agree to it. But, it showed to Stalin that the UK would accept Soviet control in Eastern Europe.
41
When was the Yalta Conference?
Feb 1945
42
What did the Yalta Conference agree about Polish territory?
The USSR could have Polish territory south of the Curzon and to compensate, Poland would get Germany ASAP
43
Apart from Polish territory agreements, what was agreed at Yalta?
- Elections held in Germany ASAP - Eastern Europe would be in Stalin's 'sphere of influence'
44
When did Roosevelt die?
12th April 1945
45
When was the Potsdam Conference?
17th July 1945
46
When and where did the UN first meet?
San Francisco in April 1945
47
How many seats did the USSR want at the UN and why?
16 (one for each country in the USSR)
48
How many did they get (USSR seats in UN)?
2 in addition to the USSR seat
49
What decisions were made at Potsdam?
- Germany to be de-nazified and de-militarised -German war criminals to be put on trial
50
When was the Lend Lease programme halted?
11th May 1945
51
How may tanks did the Lend-Lease programme give the Soviets?
7000
52
What was the ACC?
The allied control council
53
Why was the ACC wanted?
Germany was to be divided into 4 zones but allies wanted an ACC with a representative from each country
54
Why did the Soviets not want the ACC?
They believed they would always be outvoted
55
Was the ACC ever set up?
Yes but it had no power
56
What did the Soviets want in terms of reparations?
Alot. They wanted an independent organisation to collect reparations The USA was against taking reparations.
57
The USA was against taking reparations. How did they compromise with the Soviets on this?
Each power collecting their own reparations
58
Where was the Polish-German moved to at the Potsdam Conference?
Oder-Neisse river
59
When was the first nuclear test?
July 16th 1945
60
When did the USSR first get the nuclear bomb?
August 29th 1949
61
When was Hiroshima attacked?
August 6, 1945
62
When was Nagasaki bombed?
August 9, 1945
63
How many were killed at Hiroshima?
126000
64
How many were killed at Nagasaki?
80000
65
When did Japan surrender?
August 15th 1945

History Cold War (8 decks)

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