Pre-Socratics

Question 1

philosophy means…

Answer 1

love of wisdom

Question 2

two notable questions that Pre-Socratic philsophers asked themselves:

Answer 2

what are things made of?

how can we explain change?

Question 3

What did previous thinkers rely on to answer fundamental questions

Answer 3

greek gods/myth

Question 4

considered “first philosopher”

Answer 4

thales

Question 5

According to pythagorous, what does number mean

Answer 5

the ultimate basis of reality

Question 6

Thales’ ideas nutshell

Answer 6

all things made of water

Question 7

amaximander’s ideas nutshell

Answer 7

all things made of “indeterminate boundless”

Question 8

amaximandes’ ideas nutshell

Answer 8

all things made of air

Question 9

Pythagoras’ ideas in nutshell

Answer 9

all reality is made of numbers/measure

Question 10

Heraclitus’ ideas nutshell

Answer 10

everything is in flux; fire=element closest to flux

Question 11

what is flux

Answer 11

change

Question 12

Parmenides’ ideas nutshell

Answer 12

nothing ever in flux; permanent

Question 13

parmenides’ explanation of idea

Answer 13

the appearance can change, because senses can be wrong, but fundamentally, object stays the same

Question 14

Zeno’s paradox is called

Answer 14

runner’s paradox

Question 15

what is runner’s paradox

Answer 15

to get to one point, have to get halfway; keep halfing, and theoretically shouldn’t get to one point

Question 16

deeper meaning of runner’s paradox

Answer 16

change shouldn’t happen, yet it still does

Question 17

Empedicles’ ideas in nutshell

Answer 17

one doesn’t make up many, but many make up 1; 4 elements, 2 forces that bring them together “love”/”hate”

Question 18

Anaxagorus’ ideas in nutshell

Answer 18

one doesn’t make up many, but many make up 1; 4 elements, NO FORCES, but “mind”: some governing principle

Question 19

What philosophers tried to answer: “What are things made of?”

Answer 19

Thales, Amaximander, Amaximandes

Question 20

what philosophers tried to answer: “How do we explain change?”

Answer 20

Heraclitus, Parmenides, Zeno