Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Obs & Gynae > Pregnancy > Flashcards

Pregnancy Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Antenatal care initiation

A

through GP / self-referral to hospital of choice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When should the booking clinic occur?

1st mid-wife appt

A

Prior to 10wks of gestation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drugs to avoid during preg

A
  • Teratogenic: Roaccutane, methotrexate
  • Chemotherapeutics: teratogenic in the 1st trimester
  • Statins: can cause oligohydramnios
  • Valporate: neurodevelopmental delay
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1st Antenatal scan

Optional

A

Dating Scan 11-14 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When is the dating scan performed during preg?

A

11-13wks + 6D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dating Scan purpose

A
  • Establish viability
  • Date the pregnancy
  • ?multiple pregnancy
  • Measuring nuchal translucency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Combined screening

occurs at dating scan

A
  • USS: Nuchal translucency
  • Blood tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 factors

Aneuploidy Screening factors

A
  • NT measurement w/gestational age
  • Maternal age
  • serum Beta hCG high
  • PAP A (Pregnancy associated plasma protein A) low
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aneuploidy Screening high risk features

A
  • Thick NT measurement
  • Increase maternal age
  • High beta-hCG
  • Low PAP A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When is the most accurate time/sreening to screen for Down’s during pregnancy?

A
  • 1st trimester
  • Combined screening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sensitivity of the combined screening for Down’s in the 1st trimester

A
  • > 90% of T21 fetuses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2nd trimester screenings for Down’s

A
  1. Triple: B-HCG, Alpha feto-protein, Estriol (65% sensitivity)
  2. Quadruple: B-HCG, Alpha feto-protein, Estriol and inhibin-A (70% sensitivity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When would invasice diagonostic be offered for Down’s during pregnancy

A

High risk: >1 in 150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Invasive diagnostics for T21 high risk

A
  1. Chorionic villous sample (10 - 14 wks)
  2. Amniocentesis (16 - 20 wks)
  3. Maternal serum Non-invasive prenatal testing (Free fetal DNA)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

2nd Antenatal Scan

A

Routine Anomaly Scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is the Anomaly scan performed during pregnancy

A

18 - 21 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anomaly scan purpose

A
  • To determine whether lethal/severe abnormalities of the feotus
  • determine placenta site
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Antenatal Screening at 28 wks

A

Bloods: FBC / Red cell Ab repeat scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When is the baby’s growth assess during pregnancy?

A

From 25 OR 28 weeks onwards

w/ tape OR USS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

CO level screening

A

1st: Dating Scan appt
2nd: At 36 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Common Sx in preg

A
  • Fatigue / dizziness (Anaemia)
  • Constipation
  • Backache
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Thrush
  • Heartburn
  • Varicose veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Twins in pregnancy Screening

A
  1. Dating Scan: establish chorionicity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a breech presentation?

A

When the feotus is positioned in the uterus with feet/bottom facing downwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When/where should External cephalic version be performed?
- after 36 wks of gestation - Labor ward
26
maternity leave from work
12 wks off work
27
When do labour and delivery normally occur?
37 - 42 wks gestation
28
Normal Labour staging
**1st stage**: from the onset of labour (true contractions) until 10cm cervical dilatation **2nd stage**: from 10cm cervical dilatation until delivery of the baby **3rd stage**: from delivery of the baby until delivery of the placenta
29
Cervical dilation rate in primiparous women
1cm every 2 hours
30
Cervical dilation rate in multiparous women
1cm in every hour
31
1st stage of labour Sx
- Regular, painful contractions - Progressive cervical dilation - Passage of blood-stained mucus, also known as ""show"" - Rupture of membranes - Descent of the foetal head into the pelvis
32
Define Braxton-Hicks Contractions
Occ. irregular contractions of the uterus
33
When is Braxton-Hicks Contractions usually felt?
2nd/3rd trimester
34
How to reduce Braxton-Hicks Contractions?
- Stay hydrated - Relaxing
35
Hallmark signs of the 2nd stage of labour
- Foetal head **flexion, descent, and engagement** into the pelvis - Foetal internal rotation to face the maternal back - Foetal head extension to deliver the head - Foetal external rotation (restitution) after delivery of the head, positioning the - shoulders in the AP position - Delivery of the anterior shoulder first, followed by the rest of the foetus - Maternal desire to push ## Footnote Normal mechanism of labour
36
Progress in labour, 3Ps
- **Power:** uterine contractions - **Passenger:** size, presentation and position of the foetus - **Passage:** shape and size of the pelvis and soft tissues
37
2nd stage of labour stages
- Passive: Not pushing - Active: mother pushing
38
Delayed passive in 2nd stage of pregnancy
Primi: >60 mins Multi: >30 mins
39
Define Tokophobia
Fear of contractions
40
Placenta grivia
embedded to cover cervical os
41
as the uterus contracts and the cervix gets shorter and then opens
42
Ways of going to into labour
- Spontaneous - Induction of Labour: Misoprostol, prostaglandin, mechanical, membrane sweep (stretch the cervix)
43
Bishop score
6 or above = ready for deliver
44
Preterm
<37 wks
45
Term preg
- >37 wks
46
Intrapartum monitoring
- 1:1 support - Partogram: low maternal risk - fetal HR listened to every 15mins - Liquor: clear, red, yellow - Molding: skull bone overlapped - Cervial dilation and descent should be opposite on the partogram -
47
How many contractions should maternal have for IOL
4 in 10mins
48
Intermitten auscultation
1st stage: Every 15mins 2nd stage: Every 5mins ## Footnote ALWAYS measure the maternal pulse
49
High risk labour
Monitor fetal HR w/ CTG
49
What examinating during labour
- Dilatation, length of cervix - caput, molding and station of the baby (using ischimus spine as reference) - feel maternal abdo for foetal engagement
50
Acute 3rd stage Mx
No more than 30mins - oxytocin
51
Physiological 3rd stage
No more than 60mins
52
Acute 3rd stage indication
haemorrhage
53
Delayed labour 1st stage
- Artificial rupture of membrane - oxytocin by IV to induce contractions
54
Delayed 2nd stage of labour
- Assisted vaginal birth
55
Station indication for vaginal birth during delayed labour
+1/+2 station score better for vaginal birth
56
Episiotomy indications
- Primips - To provide extra space - Expected OASI - just when the fetal head is crowning - local anaesthetic injection
57
Pethidine contraindication
- when mother is fully dilated - ONLY at early delayed labour - SEs: Sickness/ baby drowsiness
58
Epidural
- can be top up if need theatre for c-section
59
>40 wks
See midwife weekly
60
Hx taking for preg women
- When was the last time you felt tha baby move? - Regular pattern or has it change in any way - 16 - 21 - Have you had any vaginal bleeding - Have you notice any swelling any where on your body?
61
Antepartum Haemorrhage APH
- Bleeding after 24wks geatation
62
Placenta Abruption concealed
Within the uterus
63
Still birth
a death of the fetus in the uterus after 20 wks of preg but before or during birth
64
Still birth causes
- Fetal growth restriction - Placental problems - Umbilical cord issues - Maternal infections - Fetal genetic problems
65
1. C x **D** 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A x **B** 8. D x **B** 9. C 10. C
66
Gravidity
No. of pregnancies woman has
67
Parity
No. of births after 20 wks of geastation ## Footnote multiple birth and still births = 1
68

Obs & Gynae (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions