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Term 3 OB/PEDS/MED SURG 2 > pregnancy shit > Flashcards

pregnancy shit Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

biophysical profile

A
  • check on baby’s well being
  • breathing pattern ect
  • ideal score 8-10
  • ultrasound
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2
Q

when does fertilization take place?

A
  • when the sperm meets the ovum
  • only takes 1 sperm
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3
Q

presumptive signs of pregnancy?

A
  • Ammenorrhea
  • nausea
  • breast tenderness
  • deepening pigmentation (chloasma) primary in darker ppl
  • urinary frequency
  • quickening
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4
Q

probable signs of pregnancy

A
  • godwell’s sign-softening of the cervix and vagina b/c of increased vaginal congestion.
  • chadwick’s sign- purpulish, bluish discoloration of cervix, vagina, vulva b/c increased vascular congestion.
  • hegar’s sign-softening of the lower uterine segment
  • mcdonalds sign-uterus flexing against cervix
  • braxton hicks contractions- irregular painless uterine contractions that begin in the 2nd trimester.
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5
Q

positive signs of pregnancy

A
  • audible fetal heartbeat- detected at 10 wks by fetal doppler
  • fetal movement felt by examiner
  • ultrasound visualization of fetus
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6
Q

1st trimester physiological changes

A
  • pigementation changes (chloasma)
  • enlarged abdomen
  • small wt gain
  • enlarged uterus presses on bladder
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7
Q

2nd trimester physiological changes

A
  • groin pain
  • sexual pleasure and desire increases
  • white discharge
  • orthostatic HPT
  • anemia
  • perineal itching
  • center of gravity changes
  • pressure on bladder and rectum
  • leg muscle spasm
  • mood swings
  • slowed GI motility
  • itchy skin
  • gingivitis
  • stuffy nose
  • enlarged breast
  • tingling fingers
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8
Q

3rd trimester physiological changes

A
  • tires easily
  • colostrum may leak from breast
  • voice changes
  • pressure on stomach and diaphragm
  • venous congestion
  • uterus drops
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9
Q

1 trimester labs

A
  • blood type
  • Rh factor
  • antibody screen
  • CBC
  • RPR
  • rubella titer
  • tb screening-ppd or serum blood test quantiferon
  • hep B
  • HIV
  • U/A and culture
  • pap
  • vaginal culture
  • chlamydia
  • gonorrhea
  • hemoglogin A1c
  • NIPT
  • CF/genetic markers
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10
Q

2nd trimester labs

A
  • serum alpha fetoprotein
  • blood glucose
  • amniocentesis
  • ultrasound
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11
Q

3rd trimester labs

A
  • GBS culture
  • real time U/S
  • doppler blood flow
  • cervical fetal fibronectin
  • repeat STI,CBC, RPR, NST’s, BPP, AFI
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12
Q

spermatogenesis

A
  • process of mitosis in sperm: sperm gives X or Y chromosome to determine sex
  • gametogenesis-begins at ovulation and is complete when fertilization happens.
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13
Q

wharton’s jelly

A
  • covers and cushions the AVA and keeps them separate
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14
Q

chorion

A
  • develops from thromboblasts and envelops the amnion, embryo and yolk sac
  • thick membrane with villi on outer surface; villi or fingerlike projections from fetal portion of placenta
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15
Q

implantation of zygote

A
  • in the posterior upper portion of uterine wall
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16
Q

estrogen levels and functions

A
  • stimulates uterine growth
  • increases blood flow to the uterine vessels
  • increases skin pigmentation, vascular changes in skin/mucous membranes of nose/mouth, increases salivation.
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17
Q

breast changes due to what hormones?

A
  • estrogen and progesterone stimulate dev. of breast ducts to prep for lactation.
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18
Q

common signs of hydatidiform mole?

A
  • bleeding
  • rapid uterine growth
  • excess hyperemesis gravidarum
  • failure to detect fetal heart activity
  • unusually early development of GH
  • higher than expected Hcg
  • distinct snowstorm pattern on ultrasound with no evidence of developing fetus
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19
Q

placenta previa

A
  • placenta in lower uterus instead of upper portion
  • painless bright red bleeding
  • no vaginal exam due to risk of bleeding
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20
Q

placents abruption

A
  • gradual or abrupt onset of pain and uterine tenderness
  • possible low back pain
  • uterine feels firm and boardlike
  • irratible, frequent contractions
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21
Q

preterm labor and bedrest teaching

A
  • record fetal kick counts daily
  • report fewer than 10 kicks in a 12 hr period
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22
Q

quickening

A
  • fetal movement felt by mother, usually at 16 wks
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23
Q

folic acid

A
  • helps prevent neural tube defects
  • 0-4 mos 400mcg or 0.4 mg
  • 4-9 mos 600-800 mcg or 0.6-0.8 mg
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24
Q

what causes heart burn in early pregnancy?

A

increased progesterone relaxes esophogeal sphincter

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25
why is rhogam D immune globin given?
* Given one erythorblastosis fetalis occurs- A condition that occurs when maternal anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta and destroy fetal erythrocytes. * Also given after amniocentesis.
26
Non stress test
* Is a test done to check fetal health * It monitors the fetus heart rate with contractions * Nonstress test means no stress is produce.
27
Weight gain in pregnancy
* Normal weight people should only gained 25 to 35 pounds * Obese woman should only gained 11 to 20 pounds
28
Ectopic pregnancy
* S/S: Lower of Domino pain and light vaginal bleeding. * It's a loping to Brookeshire 's; sudden severe lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, signs of hypovolemic shock, and shoulder pain. * Treatment; priority is to control bleeding, no action, methotrexate to inhibit cell division, surgery to remove pregnancy from tube.
29
Fetal circulation
* AVA- Two arteries and a vein in umbilical cord to support fetus. * Ductus Venosus- Diverts blood away from the liver as it returns from placenta. * Foreman Ovale- Diverts blood from the right atrium directly to the left atrium rather than circulating to lungs. * Ductus arteriosus- Diverts blood from pulmonary artery into aorta.
30
HCG
* Human chorionic gonadotropin * Signals conception has occurred.
31
HPL
* Human placental lactogen. * Causes decrease sensitivity and utilization of glucose by mother, which makes more glucose available to fetud to meet growth needs.
32
GTPAL
* G-gravidity * T-term * P- preterm or para * A- abortion * L- living
33
Exercising during pregnancy
* Determined by maternal cardiac status. * Fetal placental reserve. * Mild to moderate but avoid vigorous in normal pregnancy; no overstretching. * Do not overheat * Hydrate
34
Vaccine safety during pregnancy
* No live vaccines * wait 1 month to get pregnant if MMR vaccines * thimerosol- risk of mercury poisoning * influenza and Tdap allowed
35
Hyperemesis
* Excessive vomiting
36
Molar pregnancy
* Chorionic increase abnormally and develops vesicles that resemble tiny grapes.
37
Ectopic pregnancy fallopian tube one
* Set an severe lower abdominal pain * Vaginal bleeding * Hypovolemic shock fetal heart rate changes, tachycardia, tachypnea, shallow irregular respirations, hypertension, decrease urinary output, pale skin or mucous membranes, cold clammy skin, faintness, thirst
38
Preeclampsia
39
HELLP
* Variant of GH that involves hemodialysis as manifested with decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit
40
ABO incompatibility
* Different blood types cause immune system to react
41
GDM
* Gestational diabetes mellitus * Mother cannot increase insulin production because fetus is continuously drawing glucose from mother.
42
PIH
* Pregnancy induced hypertension
43
Anemias
* Nutritional, iron deficiency, folic acid deficiency * Genetic, sickle cell disease, so I will see Mia I have normal in chains of hemoglobin, alpha or beta chain.
44
GBS
* Deadly post partum infection for infant * Elevated temperature within 12 hours of birth, rapid heart rate, abdominal distention. * Treated with penicillin or ampicillin.
45
HIV
46
Teratogens
* Things that causes damage to the growing cells. Like prescribe medications, maternal under nutrition, smoking etc.
47
Bioterrorism
* A; easily transmitted from person to person * B;Spread via food and water * C;Spread via manufactured weapons designed to spread disease
48
FDA drugs pregnancy categories
* A- no risk to fetus * B- no adverse effects in animals: no human studies available * C- only prescribed after risk to fetus is considered; animal studies show adverse effects; no humans studies available. * D- definite fetal risk but may be given in life threatening situations * X- absolute fetal abnormalities; not to be used any time during pregnancy.
49
Zygote
50
Embryonic to fetal stages
* Development from 2 to 8 weeks Called an embryo * Ninth week until birthday developing infant called a fetus
51
Viable pregnancy
52
Placental tranfer
* Fetal deoxygenated blood and waste products leave the fetus through 2 umbilical artery's
53
Monozygotic
* Identical twins
54
Dizygotic
Fraternal twins
55
Antepartum
56
Intrapartum
During birth
57
Postpartum
58
Microbiome
Human microbiota- includes bacteria, fungi, archaea (bacteria w/out nucleus) and virus
59
Devastating infections and fetus and newborn
60

Term 3 OB/PEDS/MED SURG 2 (13 decks)

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