PRELIMS01: LABORATORY Flashcards
(88 cards)
1
Q
Possesses highly organized structure that enables it to carry out its vital functions
A
CELL
2
Q
2 types of cell
A
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
3
Q
Has no nucleus
A
Prokaryotic Cell
4
Q
Has nucleus
A
Eukaryotic Cell
5
Q
Functions inside a cell
A
Organelles
6
Q
Towards the back
A
Dorsal
7
Q
Powerhouse of the cell
A
Mitochondria
8
Q
Two types of ER
A
Rough and Smooth ER
9
Q
Study of tissues
A
HISTOLOGY
10
Q
All structures in one part of the body
A
REGIONAL
11
Q
Only exist in plant cell
A
Chloroplast
12
Q
Key in the processing and packaging of protein and lipids
A
Golgi Apparatus
13
Q
Anatomy of the body studied by systems
A
SYSTEMATIC
14
Q
Towards the front or belly
A
Ventral
15
Q
Father of Microbiology
A
Antoine Van Leuuwenhoek
16
Q
Also known as “revolving turret”
A
Nose piece
17
Q
Known as the body and carries optical parts in the upper part of the microscope
A
Head
18
Q
Also known as the “ocular”
A
Eyepiece
19
Q
Specially modified compound microscope and uses mercury arch lamp as source of UV light
A
FLUORESCENE MICROSCOPE
20
Q
Hooke devised the compound microscope and illumination system (1665) and the best microscope of his time
A
COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
21
Q
Knobs that move the condenser up and down thus controlling the focus of light on the specimen
A
Condenser focus knobs
22
Q
Controls how far the stages should go preventing the object lens from getting too close to the specimen slide and prevents specimen slide from coming to far up and hitting the objective lens
A
Rack stop
23
Q
Study of cells
A
CYTOLOGY
24
Q
Developmental changes of the body before birth
A
Embryology
25
Closer to the feet or lower than another structure in the body
Inferior
26
Study of structural changes caused by disease
PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
27
Study of internal structures visualized by x-ray
RADIOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY
28
Study of anatomical structures at a sub-cellular level
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
29
Gel-like matric containing water, salt, proteins, and other molecules and occupies intracellular space between the cell membrane and the nucleus
CYTOPLASM
30
Works together to maintain cellular homeostasis and perform essential life activies
Structure and Basic Functions
31
Surrounds the cell in a selective barrier between interior and exterior
Cell membrane
32
Rigid cell wall, may have flagella
Animal cell
33
Composed of protein filaments and regulates cell shape
Cytoskeleton
34
Give the three protein filaments
Microtubules, Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments
35
Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin
SURFACE
36
Used to view, magnify, and produce an image from a specimen placed on the side
OPTICAL PARTS
37
Also known as the iris and found under the stage of the microscope. Its primary role is to control the amount of light that reaches the specimen
Diaphragm
38
Image appears to be enlarged
Magnification
39
Condenser specially designed for high-quality microscopes. allows condenser to be movable and allows very high magnification
Abbe Condenser
40
A structure being more in back than another structure in the body
Posterior
41
“Ana” means?
up
42
“Tome” means?
cutting up
43
Who invented a compound light microscope? a microscope one that uses two lenses
Zacharias Jansen
44
Who further refined compound microscope adding such features as a stage to hold specimen, illuminator, and coarse and fine focus controls?
Robert Hooke
45
Serves as defense mechanism against predators by containing toxins
Vacuoles
46
Capture and distribute materials for degradation or their incorporation into metabolic pathways
Endosomes
47
When was scientist, doctors, and artist would experiment and practice on the dead body?
300BC
48
Dead bodies where people practice
Cadavers
49
Specialized structures for movement and enable locomotion in liquid environments composed of microtubules in 9+2 pattern
Flagella and Cilia
50
Manage nutrients, eliminate wastes, and regulate metabolic processes
Storage and Transportation
51
Can have cell wall without differentiated tissues
Protists
52
Give the 10 fundamental components of cell
Cell membrane, Cell nucleus, Ribosomes, Rough ER, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, Cytoplasm, Lysosomes and Peroxisomes, Centriole, and Microtubules
53
Building and repairing cellular structure, regulating biological processes, and expressing specific characteristics of each organism
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
54
Studded with ribosomes and involved in the synthesis and modification of protein
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
55
Specialized in lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
56
Membranous vesicles that transport specific materials between organelles and cell membrane
VESICLES AND ENDOSOMES
57
Built the first electron microscope that exceeded the resolution attainable with an optical (light) microscope
RUSKA (1937)
58
Acts as a support and carries microscopic illuminators
Base
59
Microscope that uses two polarizers. An optical microscope composed of detector, lenses, and polarizing filters
POLARIZED MICROSCOPE
60
Technique for obtaining high resolution images of biological and non-biological specimens. Uses a beam of accelerated electrons as source of microscope
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
61
Give the types of microscope
Light, Modified, Electron Microscope and etc
62
Pioneered the scanning electron microscope
Manfred Von Ardenne (1937)
63
Produced a transmission electron microscope (TEM) in 1939
SIEMENS (1939)
64
A thing observed moving in a drop of rainwater in 1674
Animacules
65
Study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
ANATOMY
66
Houses DNA
Cell Nucleus
67
For cellular functioning and survival and synthesize proteins using genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA), crucial dor cellular structure. Located in cytoplasm and ER.
Ribosomes
68
Conversion of solar energy to chemical energy
Photosynthesis
69
Breaking down molecules and unwanted materials
CELLULAR DIGESTION
70
Contains enzymes that breakdown molecules and unwanted materials
Lysosomes
71
Contain enzymes that degrade hydrogen peroxide and toxic compounds
Peroxisomes
72
Shipping center of the cell
Golgi Apparatus
73
Closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body
Superior
74
A structure being further away from the root of the limb than another structure in the limb
Distal
75
Divides into right and left portion
Sagittal Plane
76
Who build and obtained images from a prototype electron microscope applying the concept described in Rudenberg's patent
Enst Lubcke & Hiaske
77
A structure being closer to the core of the body
Deep
78
A structure being farther away from the middle than another structure of body
Lateral
79
Produce high contrast images when using a transparent specimen
Phase-Contrast
80
Magnification power
10x - 100x
80
A hole on microscope stage through which the transmitted light from the source reaches the stage
Aperture
81
Who added the substage condenser and developed superior lenses that greatly reduced chromatic and spherical aberration
Carl Zeiss & Ernst Abbe
82
Superior/Inferior
Transverse Plane
83
Found in sperm/sperm modility
Flagella
84
Shorter and more numerous than flagella
Cilia
85
Chitin cell wall, they are heterotrophs
Fungal
86
Dividing into qual right and left halves
Midsagittal or Median
87
Anterior/Posterior
Frontal/Coronal Plane
